Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
The good repute of someone, who is energetic, mindful,
of pure deeds, acting
considerately, self-controlled, living righteously and
conscientious, increases.
utthanavato
satimato suci+kammassa nisamma+karino
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Adj.m. Adj.m.
Adj. N.m.
Adv. Adj.m.
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List of Abbreviations
sabbatassa dhamma+jivino
a+ppamattassa yaso abhivaddhati
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Adj.m. N.m.
Adj.m. neg. Adj.m.
N.n. V.act.in.
Gen.Sg.
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Gen.Sg. Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres.
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utthanavato: utthanavant-, Adj.: energetic, strenuous, active. The word utthana-, N.n.: exertion, zeal, energy (derived from the verb tha-,to stand, with the prefix ud-, up) with the possessive suffix -vant. Gen.Sg.m. = utthanavato.
satimato: satimant-, Adj.: mindful, wakeful. The word sati-, N.f.: mindfulness, wakefulness, alertness, with the possessive suffix -mant. The form satimant- is used in poetry. Gen.Sg.m. = satimato.
sucikammassa: sucikamma-, N.m.: [a person]
of pure actions. A compound of:
suci-, Adj.: clear, pure.
kamma-, N.n.: deed, action.
Derived from the verb kar-, to do.
Gen.Sg. of the compound = sucikammassa.
List of Abbreviations
nisammakarino:
nisammakarin-, N.m.: [a person] acting
considerately. A compound of:
nisamma-, Adv.: carefully,
considerately. Originally a ger. of the verb sam- (to be
appeased, to be calmed) with the prefix
ni- (down).
karin-,
Adj.m.: acting, doing. Derived from the verb kar- (to do).
Gen.Sg. of the compound = nisammakarino.
sabbatassa: sabbata-, Adj.: restrained, self-controlled. A p.p. of the verb yam- (to restrain, to become tranquil) with the prefix sam- (together). Gen.Sg. = sabbatassa.
dhammajivino:
dhammajivin-, N.m.: living righteously.
A compound of:
dhamma-, N.m.: Law, Buddha's
teaching, righteousness. Derived from
the verb dha-, to hold.
jivin-,
Adj.m.: living. Derived from the verb jiv-
(to live).
Gen.Sg. of the compound = dhammajivino.
List of Abbreviations
appamattassa: appamatta-, Adj.: conscientious,
non-negligent. A negated (by the negative prefix a-) word pamatta-,
Adj.: negligent. It is a p.p. of the verb mad- (to be intoxicated)
with the strengthening prefix pa- (thus pamajjati = to be
careless, to neglect).
Doubled p is due to the euphonic combination (a
+ pamatta = appamatta).
Gen.Sg.m. = appamattassa.
yaso: yasa-, N.n.: glory, fame, repute. Nom.Sg. = yaso.
abhivaddhati, V.: increases, grows. The verb vaddh- (to grow) with the prefix abhi- (all over, fully). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = abhivaddhati.
List of Abbreviations
The subject of this sentence is the
word yaso (good repute, nominative singular). The verb is abhivaddhati
(grows, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense).
The subject has seven attributes, all of which are in genitive singular.
They are: utthanavato
(of an energetic one), satimato (of
a mindful one), sucikammassa (of a person of pure deeds), nisammakarino
(of one who is acting considerately), sabbatassa
(of a self-controlled one), dhammajivino
(of one living righteously) and appamattassa (of a conscientious
one).
The story says that there was an heir
of a rich family, named Kumbhaghosaka, once in the city of Rajagaha.
His parents died in the epidemic and he alone escaped and lived in the
forest for some time. When he returned, nobody recognized him. He did not
want to use the family wealth (which was buried in a safe place) out of
fear that people might think he found it accidentally and thus the king
might confiscate it. So he found a job (waking people in the morning) and
lived a poor life.
But the king saw him once and recognized
that his voice and manners are of a man of great wealth. He then sent his
maid to investigate. At the end he summoned Kumbhaghosaka to the court.
There the young man told him the story and the king made him a banker and
gave his daughter in marriage to him.
When the Buddha heard about it, he
spoke this verse.
If one always acts properly, with
energy and mindfulness, applies self-control and consideration, is always
conscientious, his good repute will increase, because people will know
that he is a man of honor, that they can trust him. And they will report
this to the others - who will then come to see for themselves, again telling
other people about this. So the good word will spread around and everybody
will trust such a person.
Word pronunciation:
utthanavato
satimato
sucikammassa
nisammakarino
sabbatassa
dhammajivino
appamattassa
yaso
abhivaddhati