Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
idha socati pecca socati papakari ubhayattha socati
so socati so vihabbati disva kammakilittham attano
(DhP 15)
He grieves here, he grieves after death, in both states
does the wrongdoer grieve.
He grieves, he is vexed, having seen his own evil deeds.
idha socati
pecca socati papa+kari
ubhayattha socati
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Adv. V.act.in. V.ger. V.act.in.
N.n. N.m. Adv. V.act.in.
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Nom.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres.
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List of Abbreviations
so
socati so
vihabbati disva
kamma+kilittham attano
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Pron.m. V.act.in. Pron.m.
V.act.in. V.ger. N.n. Adj.m.
N.m.
Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres. Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres.
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Acc.Sg. Gen.Sg.
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idha, Adv.: here, in this world.
socati,V.: to mourn, to grieve. The verb root suc-. 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = socati.
pecca, V.: after death. It is a ger. of the verb i- (to go) with the prefix pa- (directional prefix of forward motion). This verb means literally "to go over", it is used as an euphemism for "to die".
papakari:
papakarin-,
N.m.: wrong-doer. A compound of:
papa-,
N.n.: evil, wrong doing.
karin-,
N.m.: doer. Derived (by adding the possessive suffix -in) from the
word
kara-,
N.m.: act, action (this derived from the verb kar-, to do).
Nom.Sg. = papakari.
List of Abbreviations
ubhayattha, Adv.: in both cases.
so: tad-, pron.: it. Masculine form: so. Nom.Sg. = so.
vihabbati, V.: to be struck (with grief), to be vexed, to be grieved. It is a passive of the verb han- (to strike) with the prefix vi- (adding emphasis). 3.Sg.pas.in.pres. = vihabbati.
disva, V.: having seen. A ger. from the verb dis-, to see.
kammakilittham:
kammakilittha-, N.n.: bad deed, evil
deed. A compound of:
kamma-, N.n.: deed, action.
Derived from the verb kar- (to do).
kilittha-,
Adj.: bad, impure, unclean. It is a p.p. of the verb kilis- (to
go bad,
to get stained, to be impure).
Acc.Sg. = kammakilittham.
attano, attan-, N.m.: self. Gen.Sg. = attano
(one's own).
List of Abbreviations
The first line consists of loosely
connected sentences. They are:
1) idha socati ([the wrongdoer]
grieves here). Here the subject is omitted (it is the word papakari
from the third sentence). The verb socati (grieves) is in 3rd
person singular, present tense, active voice, indicative. The adverb
idha (here) is an attribute to the verb.
2) pecca socati ([the wrongdoer]
grieves after death). Again, the subject is the word papakari
from the following sentence. The verb is socati (as above).
The gerund pecca (having gone) is an attribute to the verb.
3) papakari ubhayattha socati (the wrongdoer grieves in both states). The subject of this sentence (and of the two previous ones) is the word papakari (wrongdoer). It is in nominative singular. The verb is socati (explained above). The adverb ubhayattha (in both places) serves as an attribute to the verb.
The second line consists of two segments:
1) so socati so vihabbati (he grieves, he is vexed). These two sentences are paratactic. They bot have the word so (he, nominative singular) as a subject and verbs socati (grieves, 3rd person singular, present tense, active voice, indicative) and vihabbati (is vexed, 3rd person singular, present tense, active voice, indicative) respectively.
2) disva kammakilittham attano (having seen his own evil deeds). This clause is subordinated to the previous one. It is introduced by the verb disva (having seen, gerund). The word kammakilittham (evil deeds, accusative singular) forms an object. The word attano (one's own, genitive singular) is an attribute to the object.
Word pronunciation:
idha
socati
pecca
papakari
ubhayattha
so
vihabbati
disva
kammakilittham
attano