Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Mara doesn't find the way of those endowed with virtue,
living in conscientiousness and freed by the right knowledge.
tesaj sampanna+silanaj
a+ppamada+viharinaj
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Pron.m. Adj.
N.m. neg. N.m. Adj.m.
Gen.Pl. |
Gen.Pl. |____|
Gen.Pl.
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|_________|
|____________|
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|__________________|___________________________I.
|_______________________|
|_______________________________________________II.
List of Abbreviations
sammad+abba+vimuttanaj
maro maggaj
na vindati
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Adv. N.f.
Adj.m. N.m. N.m.
neg. V.act.in.
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Gen.Pl. Nom.Sg. Acc.Sg. |
3.Sg.pres.
|_____________|
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I._________|
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II.______________________________|
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tesaj: tad-, Pron.: that. Gen.Pl.m. = tesaj.
sampannasilanaj:
sampannasila-, N.m.: endowed with virtue,
virtuous one.
It is a compound of:
sampanna-, Adj.: endowed with,
possessed of. P.p. of the verb pad- (to go to, to fall to)
preceded by the prefix sam-
(denoting "together" or "completely").
sila-,
N.n.: virtue.
Gen.Pl. = sampannasilanaj.
List of Abbreviations
appamadaviharinaj:
appamadaviharin-,
Adj.m.: dwelling in conscientiousness.
It is a compound of:
appamada-,
N.m.: conscientiousness, non-negligence. A negated (by the negative
prefix a-) word pamada-,
N.m.: negligence. Doubled p is due to the euphonic
combination (a + pamada
= appamada).
viharin-,
Adj.m.: dwelling, living. It is the word vihara-,
N.m.: abode, stay,
with the possessive suffix -in.
Gen.Pl. = appamadaviharinaj.
List of Abbreviations
sammadabbavimuttanaj:
sammadabbavimutta-, Adj.: emancipated,
freed or released by the right knowledge. It is a compound of:
sammadabba-,
N.f.: right knowledge. It is a compound of:
samma-,
Adv.: rightly, properly, thouroughly.
abba-,
N.f.: knowledge.
Euphonic combination: samma
+ abba = sammadabba.
vimutta-, Adj.: emancipated,
freed, released. It is a p.p. of the verb muc- (to release)
with the prefix vi- (meaning
separation).
Gen.Pl.m. = sammadabbavimuttanaj.
List of Abbreviations
maro: mara-, N.m.: Mara, personified death, the Evil One, devil. Nom.Sg. = maro.
maggaj: magga-, N.m.: way, road, path. Acc.Sg. = maggaj.
na, neg.: not.
vindati, V.: finds, knows. The verb root is vid- (to know, to find). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = vindati.
List of Abbreviations
The subject of this sentence is the
noun maro (Mara, nominative singular).
The verb is vindati (finds or knows, 3rd person, singular,
active, indicative, present tense), negated by the negative particle na
(not). The object is the noun maggaj
(way, path, accusative singular). The object has four attributes, the main
one being the pronoun tesaj (their,
genitive plural). Three more attributes are all in genitive plural. They
are:
1) sampannasilanaj
(of virtue-endowed ones, genitive plural),
2) appamadaviharinaj
(of those, dwelling in conscientiousness).
3) sammadabbavimuttanaj
(of those, freed by the right knowledge).
A monk named Godhika was practicing
meditation diligently. But whenever he made some progress in his meditation,
he became seriously ill. It impaired effectiveness of his meditation, but
he nevertheless continued to practice.
At the end he decided to strive for
the arahantship even if he were to die. So he concentrated on physical
pain as his meditation object and cut his throat (this can nor be considered
a suicide, because he was very close to arahantship anyway and he already
eradicated all cravings). Thus, concentrating on the pain, he attained
his goal and then passed away.
Mara tried to find where Godhika was
reborn but he could not find him anywhere. So he went and asked the Buddha
about Godhika. The Buddha told him, that Godhika became an arahant and
Mara could never be able to find him again.
Word pronunciation:
tesaj
sampannasilanaj
sampanna
silanaj
appamadaviharinaj
appamada
viharinaj
sammadabbavimuttanaj
sammadabba
samma
abba
vimuttanaj
maro
maggaj
na
vindati