Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Alas! Before long will this body lay upon the ground,
rejected, devoid of consciousness, like a worthless log.
aciraj vata
ayaj
kayo pathavij
adhisessati
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Adv. Int. Pron.m.
N.m. N.f.
V.act.
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| Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg.
Acc.Sg. 3.Sg.fut.
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| |________|
|________|
|_______|__________|__________________|
|___|
|___________________________________________I.
|______________________________II.
List of Abbreviations
chuddho apeta+vibbano niratthaj
va kalivgaraj
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Adj.m. Adj. N.m.
Adj.n. part. N.n.
Nom.Sg. | Nom.Sg.
Nom.Sg. | Nom.Sg.
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|_____|
|______|______|
|____________|
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I._____|
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II.__________________________|
aciraj, Adv.: before long, shortly. Derived from the word acira-, Adj.: short (time), which is a negated (by the negative prefix a-) word cira-, Adj.: long (time).
vata, Int.: alas! Euphonic combination: vata + ayaj = vat' ayaj.
ayaj: idaj, Pron.: this. Nom.Sg.m. = ayaj.
kayo: kaya-, N.m.: body. Nom.Sg. = kayo.
List of Abbreviations
pathavij: pathavi-, N.f.: earth, ground. Acc.Sg. = pathavij.
adhisessati, V.: will lay on. The verb si-
(to lay) with the prefix adhi- (on, upon).
3.Sg.act.fut. = adhisesssati.
chuddho: chuddha-, Adj.: rejected, thrown away, discarded. Nom.Sg.m. = chuddho.
List of Abbreviations
apetavibbano:
apetavibbana-, Adj.: without consciousness.
A compound of:
apeta-, Adj.: gone away, freed
of, deprived of. It is p.p. of the verb i- (to go) with
the verb apa- (away).
vibbana-,
N.n.: consciousness.
Nom.Sg.m. = apetavibbano.
List of Abbreviations
niratthaj: nirattha-, Adj.: worthless. The word attha-, N.n.: meaning, worth, goal with the prefix nir- (without, -less). Nom.Sg.n. = niratthaj.
va, part.: as, like.
kalivgaraj: kalivgara-, N.n.: log, a piece of wood. Nom.Sg. = kalivgaraj.
List of Abbreviations
The subject of the main sentence is
the word kayo (body, nominative singular).
It has three attributes: the pronoun ayaj
(this, nominative singular), the adjective chuddho (discarded,
nominative singular) and the compound apetavibbano
(devoid of consciousness, nominative singular). The verb is adhisessati
(will lay upon, 3rd person, singular, active, future tense).
It has one attribute, the adverb aciraj
(shortly, before long). The object is the noun pathavij
(on the ground, accusative singular). The interjection vata (alas)
is syntactically independent.
The sentence has a clause, niratthaj
va kalivgaraj
(like a worthless log). The noun kalivgaraj
(log, nominative singular) is the subject of this clause. It has an attribute,
the adjective niratthaj (worthless,
nominative singular). The verb and object are omitted, both of them are
to be taken from the main sentence (i.e. pathavij
adhissesati). The particle va (as, like) connects the clause
to the main sentence.
There was a monk called Thera Tissa.
He diligently meditated and had many students, but then he was afflicted
with a disease. Small boils appeared all over his body, and then big sores
developed from them. Later sores burst, emitting pus and blood; his robes
became dirty and stinky. The monks called him Putigatatissa,
Tissa with stinking body. They kept away from him, even his pupils abandoned
him, and nobody would go near him.
The Buddha saw his sorrowful state,
saw that he would soon die, but that he could also attain arahantship very
quickly. So the Buddha went to the fire-shed close to the place, where
the Thera was living. He boiled some water, went to the monk's room and
started to carry him out. Other monks also gathered and helped him to carry
the sick Thera out. They brought him to the fire-shed, bathed him and washed
his robes.
After taking the bath, the monk became
fresh in body and mind, he developed one-pointedness and concentration.
The Buddha then related this verse (DhP 41) and Thera Tissa became
an arahant immediately. Soon after that he passed away.
Word pronunciation:
aciraj
vata
ayaj
kayo
pathavij
adhisessati
chuddho
apetavibbano
apeta
vibbano
niratthaj
va
kalivgaraj