Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
That deed is well done, which one does not regret when
it is accomplished,
whose consequences one faces delighted and happy.
taj
ca kammaj kataj
sadhu yaj
katva na anutappati
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Pron.n. conj. N.n.
Adj.n. Adv. Rel.Pron.n V.ger. neg. V.pas.in.
Nom.Sg. | Nom.Sg.
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List of Abbreviations
yassa
patito sumano vipakaj
patisevati
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Rel.Pron.n. Adj.m. Adj.m.
N.m. V.act.in.
Gen.Sg. Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg.
Acc.Sg. 3.Sg.pres.
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taj: tat-, Pron.: that. Nom.Sg.n.: taj.
ca, conj.: and.
kammaj: kamma-,
N.n.: deed, action. Derived from the verb kar- (to do).
Nom.Sg. = kammaj.
kataj, kata-, Adj.: done. P.p. of the verb kar- (to do). Nom.Sg.n. = kataj.
sadhu, Adv.: good, well.
yaj: yat-, Rel.Pron.: that, which. Nom.Sg.n.: yaj.
katva, V.ger.: having done. The verb root is kar- (to do).
List of Abbreviations
na, neg.: not.
anutappati, V.: to regret, to feel remorse. Pass.
of tap- (to be hot, to burn) with the prefix anu- (following,
after). 3.Sg.pas.in.pres. = anutappati.
Euphonic combination: na + anutappati =
n'anutappati.
yassa: yat-, Rel.Pron.: that, which. Gen.Sg.n. = yassa.
patito: patita-, Adj.: pleased, delighted. It is a p.p. of the verb root i- (to go) with the prefix pati- (back to). Nom.Sg.m. = patito.
List of Abbreviations
sumano: sumana-, Adj.: glad, happy. It is
the word mano-, N.n.: mind (the compound form is mana-) with
the prefix su- (well, good).
Nom.Sg.m. = sumano.
vipakaj: vipaka-, N.m.: result, effect, consequence. Acc.Sg. = vipakaj.
patisevati, V.: to pursue, to follow. The verb root is sev- (to serve, to associate with) with the prefix pati- (after, with). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = patisevati.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of one main sentence
and two subordinate clauses.
The main sentence is taj
ca kammaj kataj
sadhu (that deed is well done). The subject
of this sentence is the noun kammaj
(deed, nominative singular) with its attribute, the personal pronoun taj
(that, nominative singular). The past participle kataj
(done, nominative singular) serves as the verb. It has an attribute, the
adverb sadhu (well). The conjunction
ca (and) serves mainly metrical purposes.
The first subordinate clause is yaj
katva na anutappati (which one does not
regret when it is accomplished). Here, the subject is the relative pronoun
yaj (that which, nominative singular).
It also connects the clause to the main sentence. The verbal phrase katva
na anutappati (having done - does not regret) serves as the verb here.
The word katva (having done) is in
the gerundive, the verb anutappati (regrets) is in the 3rd
person, singular, passive, indicative, present tense and is negated by
the negative particle na (not).
The second subordinate clause is
yassa patito sumano vipakaj
patisevati (whose consequences one faces
delighted and happy). The subject is missing; any personal pronoun can
be implied. This missing subject has two attributes, the adjective patito
(delighted, nominative singular) and the adjective sumano (happy,
nominative singular). The verb is patisevati
(follows, faces, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present
tense). The object is the word vipakaj
(consequence, accusative singular). The relative pronoun yassa
(whose, genitive singular) points to the subject of the main sentence (kammaj)
and it connects this clause to the main sentence.
In the city of Rajagaha
there lived a florist named Sumana. His duty was to bring the king Bimbisara
fresh jasmine flowers every morning. One day he was on his way to the palace
with the flowers, when he saw the Buddha and many monks on their alms round.
He felt a strong desire to offer the flowers to the Buddha. He decided
that even if the king were to fire him or even kill him, he would offer
the flowers to the Buddha. He did so and was filled with delightful satisfaction.
When Bimbisara
heard about it, he was extremely happy with what Sumana have done. He praised
him for his devotion and gave him a big reward.
Venerable Ananda
asked the Buddha what consequences would Sumana bear for this action. The
Buddha replied that Sumana would not be reborn any more in any of the lower
worlds and that he will attain arahantship in the near future.
Word pronunciation:
taj
ca
kammaj
kataj
sadhu
yaj
katva
na
anutappati
yassa
patito
sumano
vipakaj
patisevati