Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
The man who is only gathering flowers, with an attached
mind,
unsatisfied in sense pleasures, Death gets under control.
pupphani hi
eva pacinantaj byasatta+manasaj
naraj
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N.n. part.
part. Adj.m. Adj.
N.m. N.m.
Acc.Pl. |____|
Acc.Sg. |
Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg.
|___________|________|
|_________| |
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|_____________________II.
|_____________________|________________________________I.
List of Abbreviations
atittab
eva kamesu antako
kurute vasaj
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Adj.m. part. N.m.
N.m. V.med.in. N.m.
Acc.Sg. | Loc.Pl.
Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres. Acc.Sg.
|________|_____|
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|_______|
I.__________|
|_____________|
II.____|
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pupphani: puppha-, N.n.: flower. By "flowers" are here meant pleasures of the senses. Nom.Pl. = pupphani.
hi, part.: indeed.
eva, part.: just, only.
pacinantaj: pacinant-, Adj.: collecting, gathering. It is an a.pr.p. of the verb pacinati (to gather, to collect), which has the verb root ci- (to heap, to collect) with the strengthening prefix pa-. Acc.Sg.m. = pacinantaj.
List of Abbreviations
byasattamanasaj:
byasattamanasa-, Adj.: with attached
mind. A compound of:
byasatta-,
Adj.: attached, clinging. It is a p.p. of the verb root sajj- (to
be attached)
with the prefixes vi- (intensifying)
and a- (towards). Euphonic combination:
vi- + a-
= vya-. The change from v- to
b- is common in Pali.
manas-, N.m.: mind.
Acc.Sg.m. = byasattamanasaj.
naraj: nara-, N.m.: man. Acc.Sg. = naraj.
atittab: atitta-, Adj.: unsatisfied. It is a negated (by the negative prefix a-) word titta-, Adj.: satisfied, contented. This is a p.p. of the verb root tapp- (to be satisfied). Acc.Sg. = atittaj. Euphonic combination: atittaj + eva = atittab eva.
List of Abbreviations
eva: see above.
kamesu: kama-, N.m.: sense-pleasure, sense desire. Loc.Pl. = kamesu.
antako: antaka-, N.m.: 'the ender', end maker, death. Derived from the word anta-, N.n.: end. Nom.Sg. = antako.
kurute, V.: does. The verb root is kar- (to do). 3.Sg.med.in.pres. = kurute.
vasaj: vasa-, N.m.: power, authority, control. Acc.Sg. = vasaj.
List of Abbreviations
The subject of this sentence is the
noun antako (Death, nominative singular). The verbal phrase kurute
vasaj (makes control; 3rd person,
singular, medium, indicative present tense; and accusative singular) fulfills
the role of a verb in this sentence. The object is the noun naraj
(man, accusative singular). It has three attributes:
1) pupphani
h'eva pacinantaj (only gathering flowers).
The main object is the active present participle pacinantaj
(gathering, accusative singular) and the noun pupphani
(flowers, accusative plural) is its attribute. Two particles, hi
(indeed) and eva (just, only) are here mainly for metrical purposes.
2) byasattamanasaj
(having attached mind, accusative singular).
3) atittab
eva kamesu (unsatisifed in sense pleasures).
The main object is the past participle atittab
(unsatisfied, accusative singular) and the noun kamesu
(in sense pleasures, locative plural) is its attribute. The particle eva
(just, only) serves only metrical purposes.
In the city of Savatthi
there lived a woman named Pati Pujika Kumari.
She was very generous and virtuous. She gave alms to everyone in need and
generally helped everybody.
She also remembered her one previous
life. She used to be one of the wives of the God
Malabhari
in the Tavatimsa heaven. So she would often
pray that she might be born there again in her next life.
One day she fell ill and passed away.
And she was really reborn in the Tavatimsa
heaven. The other gods did not even miss her, because one hundred years
in the human world is just one day in Tavatimsa.
So they asked her, where had she been the whole morning. She then told
them the whole story.
When the Buddha heard, that Pati Pujika
died, he explained that the life was very brief. Before the beings could
be satisfied in the pleasures of the senses, they would be overpowered
by death.
Word pronunciation:
pupphani
hi
eva
pacinantaj
byasattamanasaj
byasatta
manasaj
naraj
atittab
kamesu
antako
kurute
vasaj