Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Having thus distinctively understood about conscientiousness, the wise ones rejoice in conscientiousness, delighting in the sphere of the Noble Ones.
evaj visesato batva
a+ppamadamhi pandita
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Adv. Adv. V.ger. neg.
N.m.
N.m.
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Nom.Pl.
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List of Abbreviations
a+ppamade pamodanti
ariyanaj
gocare rata
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neg. N.m. V.act.in.
N.m. N.m. Adj.m.
| Loc.Sg. 3.Pl.pres.
Gen.Pl. Loc.Sg. Nom.Pl.
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evaj, Adv.: thus.
visesato, Adv.: distinctively, altogether. Originally an Abl.Sg. of the word visesa-, N.m.: distinction, excelence.
batva, V: having known. A ger. of the verb ba- (to know).
appamadamhi: appamada-, N.m.: conscientiousness, non-negligence. A negated (by the negative prefix a-) word pamada-, N.m.: negligence. Doubled p is due to the euphonic combination (a + pamada = appamada). Loc.Sg. = appamadamhi (or appamade, as below).
List of Abbreviations
pandita: pandita-, N.m.: wise man, learned man. Nom.Pl. = pandita.
appamade: appamada-, N.m.: conscientiousness, non-negligence. A negated (by the negative prefix a-) word pamada-, N.m.: negligence. Doubled p is due to the euphonic combination (a + pamada = appamada). Loc.Sg. = appamade (or appamadamhi, as above).
pamodanti, V.: to rejoice, to be happy, to be glad, to be satisfied. The verb root mud- with the strengthening prefix pa-. 3.Pl.act.in.pres. = pamodanti.
ariyanaj: ariya-, Adj.: noble, distinguished, good. Gen.Pl.m. = ariyanaj.
List of Abbreviations
gocare: gocara-, N.m.: pasture, sphere.
A compound of:
go-, N.m.: cow
cara-, N.m.: going, walking.
Derived from the verb car- (to walk, to roam).
Loc.Sg. = gocare.
rata: rata-,
Adj.: delighting in. A p.p. of the verb ram- (to delight in, to
enjoy).
Nom.Pl. = rata.
List of Abbreviations
The first part of the sentence is evaj
visesato batva
appamadamhi pandita
(The wise ones, having thus distinctively understood about conscientiousness).
The subject of this sentence is pandita
(wise ones, nominative plural) and the verb is batva
(having known, gerund). The object is appamadamhi
(about conscientiousness, locative singular). There are two adverbs,
visesato (distinctively) and evaj
(thus) complementing this sentence.
The second part of the sentence is
appamade pamodanti (they rejoice in
conscientiousness). The subject is the word pandita
from the previous sentence. The verb is pamodanti (rejoice, 3rd
person plural, active, indicative, present tense). The object is appamade
(in the conscientiousness, locative singular).
Next follows the clause ariyanaj
gocare rata (delighting in the sphere
of the Noble Ones). We can see the word rata
(delighting, nominative plural) as an attribute to the main subject of
the sentence (the word pandita).
The object here is gocare (in the sphere, locative singular) with
its attribute ariyanaj
(of the Noble Ones, genitive plural).
The wise people know very clearly,
that the conscientiousness is the state of deathlessness (the word thus
refers to the previous verse, DhP 21). Therefore, they rejoice in conscientiousness,
they praise it and pay high attention to it.
They are delighting in the "sphere
of the Noble Ones". This is of course nothing else than the Nirvana. So,
again, the only way to reach this state is to make conscientious effort
in this direction, applying all one's energy and striving.
Word pronunciation:
evaj
visesato
batva
appamadamhi
pandita
appamade
pamodanti
ariyanaj
gocare
rata