Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Having known the essence as the essence, non-essential
as non-essential,
they, feeding on right thoughts, discover the essence.
sarab
ca sarato
batva a+sarab
ca a+sarato
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N.n. conj.
Adv. V. neg. N.n. conj.
neg. Adv.
Acc.Sg. |
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te
saram adhigacchanti samma+savkappa+gocara
List of Abbreviations
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Pron.
N.n. V.act.in.
Adv. N.m.
N.m.
Nom.Pl. Acc.Sg. 3.Pl.pres.
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sarab:
sara-, N.n.: essence, substance. Acc.Sg.:
saraj
(the euphonic combination -j+c-
= bc).
ca, conj.: and
sarato, Adv.: as the essence. The noun sara- (see above) changed into an adverb by the suffix to-.
batva, V.: having known. An absolutive of the verb ba- (to know).
asarab: asara-, N.n.: non-essence. Negated (by the negative prefix a-) word sara-, N.n.: essence, substance. Acc.Sg. = asaraj (the euphonic combination -j+c- = bc).
List of Abbreviations
asarato, Adv.: as the non-essence. The word sarato (see above) negated by the negative prefix a-.
te, pron.: tad-, Pron.n.: it. Masculine form sa-. Nom.Pl. = te (they).
saram: sara-, N.n.: see above. Acc.Sg. = saraj.
adhigacchanti, V.: discover, obtain. The verb gam- (to go) with the prefix adhi- (above, towards). 3.Pl.act.pres.in. = adhigacchanti.
List of Abbreviations
sammasavkappagocara:
sammasavkappagocara-,
N.m.: having pasture for right thoughts. A compound of:
sammasavkappa-,
N.m.: right thought, right intention. This can be further analyzed as:
samma,
Adv,: rightly, properly.
savkappa-,
N.m.: thought, intention.
gocara-, N.m.: pasture, sphere.
This can be further analyzed as:
go-,
N.m.: cow
cara-,
N.m.: going, walking. Derived from the verb car- (to walk, to roam).
Nom.Pl. of the whole compound = sammasavkappagocara.
List of Abbreviations
The subject of this sentence is te
(they). It is in nominative plural. Its corresponding verb is adhigacchanti
(realize, discover), in 3rd person, plural, active, indicative and present
tense. The object is saraj
(the essence), which is in accusative singular. The subject has three attributes:
sarab ca sarato
batva (having
known the essence as the essence), asarab
ca asarato (non-essential as non-essential)
and sammasavkappagocara
(feeding on right thoughts).
First of them is sarab
ca sarato batva
(having known the essence as the essence). Here the verb is batva
(having known). It is in gerund, which is the way how to express the English
"having done", "having gone" etc. The subject is omitted -it is the word
te (they) from the second line (the main subject). Object is saraj
sarato (the essence as the essence),
where saraj
is in accusative singular and sarato
is and adverb. The conjunction ca (and) connects this attribute
to the following one in a common style of Pali language (ca-ca).
Next attribute is asarab
ca asarato (non-essential as non-essential).
Here both the subject and verb are omitted. Of course, the subject is again
te (they) and verb is batva
from the previous attribute. The word asarato
is again an adverb. Asarab
(or asaraj
without the euphonic combination) is in accusative singular. The word The
conunction ca (and) forms the second part of the "ca-ca"
pair mentioned in previous paragraph.
Last of the attributes is sammasavkappagocara
(feeding on right thoughts). It is a compound and it is in nominative plural,
because it has to agree with the subject.
Word pronunciation:
sarab
ca
sarato
batva
asarab
asarato
te
saram
adhigacchanti
sammasavkappagocara
samma
savkappa
gocara