Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
One should not look at others' wrong deeds, what the others
have done or not.
One should look only at what one oneself has and has
not done.
na paresaj vilomani
na paresaj kata+akataj
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neg. Adj.m. N.n.
neg. Adj.m. N.n. N.n.
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Acc.Sg.
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List of Abbreviations
attano va avekkheyya
katani akatani
ca
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Pron.m. part. V.med.
N.n. N.n. conj.
Gen.Sg. | 3.Sg.opt.
Acc.Pl. Acc.Pl. |
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na, neg.: not.
paresaj: para-, Adj.m.: other. Gen.Pl. = paresaj.
vilomani:
viloma-, Adj.: wrong, bad. As an N.n.: wrong thing, wrong behavior.
Acc.Pl. = vilomani.
na: see above.
paresaj: see above.
List of Abbreviations
katakataj:
katakata-, N.n.: what is done and undone.
A compound of:
kata-, Adj.: done. It is a
p.p. of the verb root kar- (to do).
As an N.n.: done thing, accomplished
thing.
akata-, Adj.: undone. It is
a negated (by the negative prefix a-) word kata- (see above).
As an N.n.: undone thing, unaccomplished
thing.
Acc.Sg. = katakataj.
attano: attan-, N.m./Pron.: self, oneself. Gen.Sg. = attano.
va: a contracted form of eva, part.: just, only.
List of Abbreviations
avekkheyya, V.: should observe, should look at. The verb ikkh- (to see) with the prefix ava- (down, over). 3.Sg.med.opt. = avekkheyya.
katani: kata-, N.n.: see above. Acc.Pl. = katani.
akatani: akata-, N.n.: see above. Acc.Pl. = akatani.
ca, conj.: and.
List of Abbreviations
The two lines of this verse form two
parenthetic sentences. There is no subject in any of them. The third person
singular pronoun is implied.
In the first sentence, the verb is
omitted. The verb avekkheyya from the second sentence serves also
as the verb for this sentence, but it is negated by two negative particles
na (not). There are two objects, vilomani
(wrong deeds, accusative plural) and katakataj
(what is done and undone, accusative singular). They both have an attribute,
the adjective paresaj (others', genitive
plural).
In the second sentence, the verb is
avekkheyya (one should look at, 3rd person, singular,
medium, optative). There are two objects, katani
(what is done, accusative plural) and akatani
(what is undone, accusative plural). They are connected by the conjunction
ca (and). The objects have an attribute, the pronoun attano
(oneself's, genitive singular) which is strengthened by the particle va
(more often as eva; just, only).
In Savatthi
once lived a lady who was a disciple of the ascetic Pathika.
All her friends and neighbors were the disciples of the Buddha and she
often wanted to go to the monastery herself, to hear the Buddha's teachings.
But Pathika always prevented her from going
there.
So she invited the Buddha to her house
for almsgiving instead. He came together with many monks and after the
meal he delivered a teaching. She was very impressed and happy and exclaimed,
"Well said!"
Pathika
heard this from the next room and became very angry. He left the house,
cursing the woman and the Buddha.
The lady was very embarrassed by this.
But the Buddha advised her not to be concerned about others' curses, but
to be only mindful of her own good and bad deeds. At the end she attained
the first stage of Awakenment.
Word pronunciation:
na
paresaj
vilomani
katakataj
kata
akataj
attano
va
avekkheyya
katani
akatani
ca