Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Should one see an intelligent person, who speaks rebukingly,
who can see faults as if showing treasures, one should
associate with such a wise one.
Associating with such people is better, not worse.
nidhinaj
va pavattaraj
yaj
passe vajja+dassinaj
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N.m. part.
N.m. Rel.Pron. V.act. N.n.
Adj.m.
Gen.Pl. |
Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg. 3.Sg.opt. |
Acc.Sg.
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List of Abbreviations
niggayha+vadij
medhavij tadisaj
panditaj
bhaje
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Adj. Adj.m.
N.m. Adj.m. N.m.
V.act.
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Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg. 3.Sg.opt.
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List of Abbreviations
tadisaj
bhajamanassa seyyo
hoti na papiyo
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Adj.m. Adj.m.
Adj.m. V.act.in. neg. Adj.m.
Acc.Sg. Gen.Sg.
Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres. | Nom.Sg.
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nidhinaj: nidhi-, N.m.: treasure. Gen.Pl. = nidhinaj.
va, part.: as, like.
pavattaraj: pavattar-, N.m.: one who shows, one who tells about. It is derived fom the verb vac- (to say) with the prefix pa- (out). Acc.Sg. = pavattaraj.
yaj: yat-, Rel.Pron.: that, which. Acc.Sg.m.: yaj.
passe, V.: should see. The verb root is dis- (to see). 3.Sg.act.opt = passe.
List of Abbreviations
vajjadassinaj: vajjadassin-,
N.m.: one who sees faults. It is a compound of:
vajja-, N.n.: fault, what should
be avoided.
dassin-, Adj.: seeing. It is
derived from the verb das- (to see) by adding the
denominative suffix -in.
Acc.Sg. = vajjadassinaj.
niggayhavadij:
niggayhavadin-, N.m.: one who speaks
rebukingly, censuring. It is a compound of:
niggayha-, Adj.: what should
be rebuked, censured. It is a grd. of the verb
nigganhati
(to rebuke, to censure).
vadin-,
Adj.: speaking. It is derived from the verb root vad- (to say).
Acc.Sg. = niggayhavadij.
medhavij: medhavin-, N.m.: intelligent person, wise one. Acc.Sg. = medhavij.
tadisaj: tadisa-, Adj.: such. Acc.Sg.m. = tadisaj.
List of Abbreviations
panditaj: pandita-, N.m.: wise man, learned man. Acc.Sg. = panditaj.
bhaje, V.: one should associate with. The verb root is bhaj- (to associate with). 3.Sg.act.opt. = bhaje.
tadisaj: see above.
bhajamanassa: bhajamana-, Adj.: associating with. It is a med.pr.p. of the verb bhaj- (to associate with). Gen.Sg.m. = bhajamanassa.
seyyo: seyya-, Adj.: better. Nom.Sg.m. = seyyo.
hoti, V.: is. The verb root is bhu- (to be). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = hoti.
na, neg.: not.
papiyo: papiya-, Adj.: worse. Nom.Sg.m. = papiyo.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of two sentences.
The first two lines form the first one and the second line contains the
second one.
The first sentence can be subdivided
into two sentences.
1) nidhinaj
va pavattaraj
yaj passe vajjadassinaj
niggayhavadij
medhavij
(should one see an intelligent person, who speaks rebukingly who can see
faults as if showing treasures). The subject is omitted; any personal pronoun
can be implied. The verb is passe (one should see, 3rd
person, singular, active, optative). The main object is the relative pronoun
yaj (whom, accusative singular). This
object has three attributes: medhavij
(intelligent one, accusative singular), niggayhavadij
(speaking rebukingly, accusative singular) and vajjadassinaj
(seeing faults, accusative singular). This last word has an attribute clause,
nidhinaj va
pavattaraj
(like showing treaures). Here the main attribute is pavattaraj
(one who shows, accusative singular). It has the noun nidhinaj
(of treasures, genitive plural) as an attribute. The particle va
(like) connects the clause to the word vajjadassinaj.
2) tadisaj
panditaj bhaje
(one should associate with such a wise one). Again, the subject is omitted.
The verb is bhaje (one should associate, 3rd person,
singular, active, optative). The object is panditaj
(wise one, accusative singular) with its attribute, the adjective tadisaj
(such, accusative singular).
In the second sentence, the subject
is the adjective seyyo (better, nominative singular). The noun papiyo
(worse, nominative singular), negated by the negative particle na
(not), forms an attribute to the subject. The verb is hoti (is,
3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). The
object is the medium present participle bhajamanassa
(of the one who associates, genitive singular) with the adjective tadisaj
(such, accusative singular) as an attribute.
A poor old man named Radha
was staying in the monastery doing manual work, like sweeping, cutting
the grass etc. He wanted to become a monk, but the elders were not willing
to admit him.
One day the Buddha saw that Radha
had a potential to become an arahant, so he called the monks and asked
them if any of them recollects a good deed done by Radha.
Venerable Sariputta said that Radha
once offered him some rice. The Buddha then asked if it wasn't proper to
repay the kindness by accepting the man into the Order and show him the
way out of suffering. So Radha became a monk
under Venerable Sariputta. He strictly followed
Sariputta's guidance and in a very short time
he attained arahantship.
When the Buddha heard about this he
explained by this verse that a monk should always be attentive to guidance
by his betters and not resent rebukes for his faults.
Word pronunciation:
nidhinaj
va
pavattaraj
yaj
passe
vajjadassinaj
vajja
dassinaj
niggayhavadij
niggayha
vadij
medhavij
tadisaj
panditaj
bhaje
bhajamanassa
seyyo
hoti
na
papiyo