“Nāhaṁ, bhikkhave, aññaṁ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi yaṁ evaṁ asaṁvutaṁ mahato anatthāya saṁvattati yathayidaṁ, bhikkhave, cittaṁ.  “Mendicants, I do not see a single thing that, when it’s not restrained, is so very harmful as the mind. 
Cittaṁ, bhikkhave, asaṁvutaṁ mahato anatthāya saṁvattatī”ti. 
An unrestrained mind is very harmful.” 
“Nāhaṁ, bhikkhave, aññaṁ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi yaṁ evaṁ saṁvutaṁ mahato atthāya saṁvattati yathayidaṁ, bhikkhave, cittaṁ. 
“Mendicants, I do not see a single thing that, when it is restrained, is so very beneficial as the mind. 
Cittaṁ, bhikkhave, saṁvutaṁ mahato atthāya saṁvattatī”ti. 
A restrained mind is very beneficial.” 
“Nāhaṁ, bhikkhave, aññaṁ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi yaṁ evaṁ adantaṁ aguttaṁ arakkhitaṁ asaṁvutaṁ mahato anatthāya saṁvattati yathayidaṁ, bhikkhave, cittaṁ. 
“Mendicants, I do not see a single thing that, when it is not tamed, guarded, protected, and restrained, is so very harmful as the mind. 
Cittaṁ, bhikkhave, adantaṁ aguttaṁ arakkhitaṁ asaṁvutaṁ mahato anatthāya saṁvattatī”ti. 
An untamed, unguarded, unprotected, and unrestrained mind is very harmful.” 
“Nāhaṁ, bhikkhave, aññaṁ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi yaṁ evaṁ dantaṁ guttaṁ rakkhitaṁ saṁvutaṁ mahato atthāya saṁvattati yathayidaṁ, bhikkhave, cittaṁ. 
“Mendicants, I do not see a single thing that, when it is tamed, guarded, protected, and restrained, is so very beneficial as the mind. 
Cittaṁ, bhikkhave, dantaṁ guttaṁ rakkhitaṁ saṁvutaṁ mahato atthāya saṁvattatī”ti. 
A tamed, guarded, protected, and restrained mind is very beneficial.” 

Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

“Etadaggaṁ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhākāmānaṁ yadidaṁ rāhulo.  “The foremost of my monk disciples who want to train is Rāhula. 

“Durakkhāte, bhikkhave, dhammavinaye yo ca samādapeti yañca samādapeti yo ca samādapito tathattāya paṭipajjati sabbe te bahuṁ apuññaṁ pasavanti.  “Mendicants, the one who encourages someone in a poorly explained teaching and training, the one who they encourage, and the one who practices accordingly all create much wickedness. 
samādapeti → samādāpeti (?) 
“Svākkhāte, bhikkhave, dhammavinaye yo ca samādapeti yañca samādapeti yo ca samādapito tathattāya paṭipajjati sabbe te bahuṁ puññaṁ pasavanti. 
“Mendicants, the one who encourages someone in a well explained teaching and training, the one who they encourage, and the one who practices accordingly all create much merit. 
“Durakkhāte, bhikkhave, dhammavinaye dāyakena mattā jānitabbā, no paṭiggāhakena. 
“Mendicants, in a poorly explained teaching and training, the donor should know moderation, not the recipient. 
“Svākkhāte, bhikkhave, dhammavinaye paṭiggāhakena mattā jānitabbā, no dāyakena. 
“Mendicants, in a well explained teaching and training, the recipient should know moderation, not the donor. 
“Durakkhāte, bhikkhave, dhammavinaye yo āraddhavīriyo so dukkhaṁ viharati. 
“Mendicants, in a poorly explained teaching and training an energetic person lives in suffering. 
“Svākkhāte, bhikkhave, dhammavinaye yo kusīto so dukkhaṁ viharati. 
“Mendicants, in a well explained teaching and training a lazy person lives in suffering. 
“Durakkhāte, bhikkhave, dhammavinaye yo kusīto so sukhaṁ viharati. 
“Mendicants, in a poorly explained teaching and training a lazy person lives happily. 
“Svākkhāte, bhikkhave, dhammavinaye yo āraddhavīriyo so sukhaṁ viharati. 
“Mendicants, in a well explained teaching and training an energetic person lives happily. 

atha kho etadeva bahutaraṁ yadidaṁ ukkūlavikūlaṁ nadīviduggaṁ khāṇukaṇṭakaṭṭhānaṁ pabbatavisamaṁ;  while the hilly terrain, inaccessible riverlands, stumps and thorns, and rugged mountains are many; 
khāṇukaṇṭakaṭṭhānaṁ → khāṇukaṇḍakadhānaṁ (bj); khāṇukaṇṭakādhānaṁ (pts1ed) 
… Evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye labhanti tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ savanāya; 
… so too the sentient beings who get to hear the teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One are few, 
atha kho eteva sattā bahutarā ye na labhanti tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ savanāya. 
while those sentient beings who don’t get to hear the teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One are many. 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 
atha kho etadeva bahutaraṁ yadidaṁ ukkūlavikūlaṁ nadīviduggaṁ khāṇukaṇṭakaṭṭhānaṁ pabbatavisamaṁ. 
while the hilly terrain, inaccessible riverlands, stumps and thorns, and rugged mountains are many; 

Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabbaṁ. 
That’s how you should train. 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 
10. Vassūpanāyikasutta 
10. Entering the Rainy Season 
Vassūpanāyikasutta → vassūpanāyikāsuttaṁ (bj) 
“Dvemā, bhikkhave, vassūpanāyikā. 
“There are, mendicants, these two entries to the rainy season. 
Imā kho, bhikkhave, dve vassūpanāyikā”ti. 
These are the two entries to the rainy season.” 

Tatra, bhikkhave, yamidaṁ bhāvanābalaṁ sekhānametaṁ balaṁ.  In this context, the power of development is the power of the trainees. 
yamidaṁ → yadidaṁ (si, sya-all) | sekhānametaṁ → sekhametaṁ (bj, sya-all, km); sekhānaṁ etaṁ (pts1ed) 
Sekhañhi so, bhikkhave, balaṁ āgamma rāgaṁ pajahati, dosaṁ pajahati, mohaṁ pajahati. 
For when you rely on the power of a trainee, you give up greed, hate, and delusion. 

sekho ca asekho ca.  the trainee and the adept. 
“Sekho asekho ca imasmiṁ loke, 
“In this world, the trainee and the adept, 
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. 
It’s a mendicant who is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
Idhāvuso, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. 
It’s a mendicant who is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
Tasmātiha, sāriputta, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, sāriputta, sikkhitabbaṁ. 
That’s how you should train. 
‘Evañhi vo, sāriputta, sikkhitabbaṁ. 
That’s how you should train. 

Idha, bhikkhave, yassaṁ parisāyaṁ bhikkhū anuddhatā honti anunnaḷā acapalā amukharā avikiṇṇavācā upaṭṭhitassatī sampajānā samāhitā ekaggacittā saṁvutindriyā.  An assembly where the mendicants are not restless, insolent, fickle, scurrilous, or loose-tongued, but have established mindfulness, situational awareness, immersion, unified minds, and restrained faculties. 
Idha, bhikkhave, yassaṁ parisāyaṁ adhammakammāni pavattanti dhammakammāni nappavattanti, avinayakammāni pavattanti vinayakammāni nappavattanti, adhammakammāni dippanti dhammakammāni na dippanti, avinayakammāni dippanti vinayakammāni na dippanti. 
An assembly where legal acts against the teaching proceed, while legal acts in line with the teaching don’t proceed. Legal acts against the training proceed, while legal acts in line with the training don’t proceed. Legal acts against the teaching are explained, while legal acts in line with the teaching aren’t explained. Legal acts against the training are explained, while legal acts in line with the training aren’t explained. 
Idha, bhikkhave, yassaṁ parisāyaṁ dhammakammāni pavattanti adhammakammāni nappavattanti, vinayakammāni pavattanti avinayakammāni nappavattanti, dhammakammāni dippanti adhammakammāni na dippanti, vinayakammāni dippanti avinayakammāni na dippanti. 
An assembly where legal acts in line with the teaching proceed, while legal acts against the teaching don’t proceed. Legal acts in line with the training proceed, while legal acts against the training don’t proceed. Legal acts in line with the teaching are explained, while legal acts against the teaching aren’t explained. Legal acts in line with the training are explained, while legal acts against the training aren’t explained. 

Yo ca avinaye vinayasaññī, yo ca vinaye avinayasaññī.  One who perceives what is not the training as the training, and one who perceives what is the training as not the training. 
Yo ca avinaye avinayasaññī, yo ca vinaye vinayasaññī. 
One who perceives what is not the training as not the training, and one who perceives what is the training as the training. 
Yo ca avinaye vinayasaññī, yo ca vinaye avinayasaññī. 
One who perceives what is not the training as the training, and one who perceives what is the training as not the training. 
Yo ca avinaye avinayasaññī, yo ca vinaye vinayasaññī. 
One who perceives what is not the training as not the training, and one who perceives what is the training as the training. 

“Dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṁvattanti.  “These two things lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṁvattanti”. 
These two things lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee.” 
“Dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṁvattanti. 
“These two things don’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṁvattanti”. 
These two things don’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee.” 

“Dveme, bhikkhave, atthavase paṭicca tathāgatena sāvakānaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ.  “For two reasons the Realized One laid down training rules for his disciples. 
Saṅghasuṭṭhutāya saṅghaphāsutāya … dummaṅkūnaṁ puggalānaṁ niggahāya, pesalānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ phāsuvihārāya … diṭṭhadhammikānaṁ āsavānaṁ saṁvarāya, samparāyikānaṁ āsavānaṁ paṭighātāya … diṭṭhadhammikānaṁ verānaṁ saṁvarāya, samparāyikānaṁ verānaṁ paṭighātāya … diṭṭhadhammikānaṁ vajjānaṁ saṁvarāya, samparāyikānaṁ vajjānaṁ paṭighātāya … diṭṭhadhammikānaṁ bhayānaṁ saṁvarāya, samparāyikānaṁ bhayānaṁ paṭighātāya … diṭṭhadhammikānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ saṁvarāya, samparāyikānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ paṭighātāya … gihīnaṁ anukampāya, pāpicchānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ pakkhupacchedāya … appasannānaṁ pasādāya, pasannānaṁ bhiyyobhāvāya … saddhammaṭṭhitiyā vinayānuggahāya. 
For the well-being and comfort of the Saṅgha … For keeping difficult persons in check and for the comfort of good-hearted mendicants … For restraining defilements that affect the present life and protecting against defilements that affect lives to come … For restraining threats to the present life and protecting against threats to lives to come … For restraining faults that affect the present life and protecting against faults that affect lives to come … For restraining hazards that affect the present life and protecting against hazards that affect lives to come … For restraining unskillful qualities that affect the present life and protecting against unskillful qualities that affect lives to come … Out of sympathy for laypeople and for breaking up factions of mendicants with corrupt wishes … For inspiring confidence in those without it, and increasing confidence in those who have it … For the continuation of the true teaching and the support of the training. 
Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve atthavase paṭicca tathāgatena sāvakānaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattan”ti. 
These are the two reasons why the Realized One laid down training rules for his disciples.” 
Saṅghasuṭṭhutāya, saṅghaphāsutāya … dummaṅkūnaṁ puggalānaṁ niggahāya, pesalānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ phāsuvihārāya … diṭṭhadhammikānaṁ āsavānaṁ saṁvarāya, samparāyikānaṁ āsavānaṁ paṭighātāya … diṭṭhadhammikānaṁ verānaṁ saṁvarāya, samparāyikānaṁ verānaṁ paṭighātāya … diṭṭhadhammikānaṁ vajjānaṁ saṁvarāya, samparāyikānaṁ vajjānaṁ paṭighātāya … diṭṭhadhammikānaṁ bhayānaṁ saṁvarāya, samparāyikānaṁ bhayānaṁ paṭighātāya … diṭṭhadhammikānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ saṁvarāya, samparāyikānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ paṭighātāya … gihīnaṁ anukampāya, pāpicchānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ pakkhupacchedāya … appasannānaṁ pasādāya, pasannānaṁ bhiyyobhāvāya … saddhammaṭṭhitiyā, vinayānuggahāya. 
For the well-being and comfort of the Saṅgha … For keeping difficult persons in check and for the comfort of good-hearted mendicants … For restraining defilements that affect the present life and protecting against defilements that affect lives to come … For restraining threats to the present life and protecting against threats to lives to come … For restraining faults that affect the present life and protecting against faults that affect lives to come … For restraining hazards that affect the present life and protecting against hazards that affect lives to come … For restraining unskillful qualities that affect the present life and protecting against unskillful qualities that affect lives to come … Out of sympathy for laypeople and for breaking up factions of mendicants with corrupt wishes … For inspiring confidence in those without it, and increasing confidence in those who have it … For the continuation of the true teaching and the support of the training. 

Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

Tasmātiha …pe….  So you should train …” 

Tasmātiha …pe….  So you should train …” 

Tasmātiha …pe….  So you should train …” 

Tasmātiha …pe….  So you should train …” 

Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhussa vā bhikkhuniyā vā kāyavaṅko appahīno kāyadoso kāyakasāvo, vacīvaṅko appahīno vacīdoso vacīkasāvo, manovaṅko appahīno manodoso manokasāvo, evaṁ papatitā te, bhikkhave, imasmā dhammavinayā, seyyathāpi taṁ cakkaṁ chahi divasehi niṭṭhitaṁ.  Whatever monk or nun has not given up the crooks, flaws, and defects of body, speech, and mind has fallen from the teaching and training, just like the wheel that was finished in six days. 
Yassa kassaci, bhikkhave, bhikkhussa vā bhikkhuniyā vā kāyavaṅko pahīno kāyadoso kāyakasāvo, vacīvaṅko pahīno vacīdoso vacīkasāvo, manovaṅko pahīno manodoso manokasāvo, evaṁ patiṭṭhitā te, bhikkhave, imasmiṁ dhammavinaye, seyyathāpi taṁ cakkaṁ chahi māsehi niṭṭhitaṁ chārattūnehi. 
Whatever monk or nun has given up the crooks, flaws, and defects of body, speech, and mind is established in the teaching and training, just like the wheel that was finished in six days less than six months. 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ cakkhundriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṁ, cakkhundriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.  If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving its restraint. 
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ → yatvādhikaraṇametaṁ (bj) 
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ manindriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati manindriyaṁ, manindriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati. 
If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving its restraint. 

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo labhanto vā tathāgataṁ dassanāya alabhanto vā tathāgataṁ dassanāya, labhanto vā tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ savanāya alabhanto vā tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ savanāya neva okkamati niyāmaṁ kusalesu dhammesu sammattaṁ.  Some people don’t enter the sure path with regards to skillful qualities, regardless of whether or not they get to see a Realized One, and to hear the teaching and training that he proclaims. 
Idha, pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo labhanto vā tathāgataṁ dassanāya alabhanto vā tathāgataṁ dassanāya, labhanto vā tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ savanāya alabhanto vā tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ savanāya okkamati niyāmaṁ kusalesu dhammesu sammattaṁ. 
Some people do enter the sure path with regards to skillful qualities, regardless of whether or not they get to see a Realized One, and to hear the teaching and training that he proclaims. 
Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo labhantova tathāgataṁ dassanāya no alabhanto, labhantova tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ savanāya no alabhanto okkamati niyāmaṁ kusalesu dhammesu sammattaṁ. 
Some people can enter the sure path with regards to skillful qualities, but only if they get to see a Realized One, and to hear the teaching and training that he proclaims, and not when they don’t get those things. 
Tatra, bhikkhave, yvāyaṁ puggalo labhantova tathāgataṁ dassanāya no alabhanto, labhantova tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ savanāya no alabhanto okkamati niyāmaṁ kusalesu dhammesu sammattaṁ, imaṁ kho, bhikkhave, puggalaṁ paṭicca dhammadesanā anuññātā. 
Now, it’s for the sake of this last person that teaching the Dhamma is prescribed, that is, the one who can enter the sure path with regards to skillful qualities, but only if they get to see a Realized One, and to hear the teaching and training that he proclaims. 

Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kumbho nikujjo tatra udakaṁ āsittaṁ vivaṭṭati, no saṇṭhāti;  It’s like when a pot full of water is tipped over, so the water drains out and doesn’t stay. 
nikujjo → nikkujjo (bj, sya-all, pts1ed) 
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kumbho ukkujjo tatra udakaṁ āsittaṁ saṇṭhāti no vivaṭṭati; 
It’s like when a pot full of water is set straight, so the water stays and doesn’t drain out. 

“Tasmātiha, sāriputta, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  “So, Sāriputta, you should train like this: 
Evañhi kho, sāriputta, sikkhitabbaṁ. 
That’s how you should train. 

Devo ca sammādhāraṁ anuppaveccheyya.  and the heavens provide plenty of rain. 

Tassa mayhaṁ, bhikkhave, tayo pāsādā ahesuṁ—eko hemantiko, eko gimhiko, eko vassiko.  I had three stilt longhouses—one for the winter, one for the summer, and one for the rainy season. 
So kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, vassike pāsāde vassike cattāro māse nippurisehi tūriyehi paricārayamāno na heṭṭhāpāsādaṁ orohāmi. 
I stayed in a stilt longhouse without coming downstairs for the four months of the rainy season, where I was entertained by musicians—none of them men. 
paricārayamāno → paricāriyamāno (bj, sya-all, km, mr); parivāriyamāno (pts1ed) 
Yobbanamadamatto vā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
Intoxicated with the vanity of youth, health, or life, a mendicant rejects the training and returns to a lesser life. 

Ahañceva kho pana evaṁ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajito samāno kusīto vihareyyaṁ pamatto, na metaṁ assa patirūpan’ti.  Now that I’ve gone forth in this well explained teaching and training, it would not be appropriate for me to live lazy and heedless.’ 

ahiṁsā saṁyamo damo;  harmlessness, restraint, and self-control; 

Evaṁ upanīyamāne kho, brāhmaṇā, loke jarāya byādhinā maraṇena, yo idha kāyena saṁyamo vācāya saṁyamo manasā saṁyamo, taṁ tassa petassa tāṇañca leṇañca dīpañca saraṇañca parāyaṇañcāti.  But restraint here by way of body, speech, and mind is the shelter, protection, island, refuge, and haven for the departed. 
Yodha kāyena saṁyamo, 
The restraint practiced here— 

Evaṁ āditte kho, brāhmaṇā, loke jarāya byādhinā maraṇena, yo idha kāyena saṁyamo vācāya saṁyamo manasā saṁyamo, taṁ tassa petassa tāṇañca leṇañca dīpañca saraṇañca parāyaṇañcāti.  But restraint here by way of body, speech, and mind is the shelter, protection, island, refuge, and haven for the departed. 
Yodha kāyena saṁyamo, 
The restraint practiced here— 

Tesaṁ adhammarāgarattānaṁ visamalobhābhibhūtānaṁ micchādhammaparetānaṁ devo na sammādhāraṁ anuppavecchati.  the heavens don’t provide enough rain, 

“Aññathā kho, brāhmaṇa, brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṁ tevijjaṁ paññāpenti, aññathā ca pana ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hotī”ti.  “Brahmin, a master of three knowledges according to the brahmins is quite different from a master of the three knowledges in the training of the Noble One.” 
“Yathā kathaṁ pana, bho gotama, ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hoti? 
“But Mister Gotama, how is one a master of the three knowledges in the training of the Noble One? 
Evaṁ kho, brāhmaṇa, ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hotī”ti. 
This, brahmin, is a master of the three knowledges in the training of the Noble One.” 
“Aññathā, bho gotama, brāhmaṇānaṁ tevijjo, aññathā ca pana ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hoti. 
“Mister Gotama, a master of three knowledges according to the brahmins is quite different from a master of the three knowledges in the training of the Noble One. 
Imassa ca pana, bho gotama, ariyassa vinaye tevijjassa brāhmaṇānaṁ tevijjo kalaṁ nāgghati soḷasiṁ. 
And, Mister Gotama, a master of three knowledges according to the brahmins is not worth a sixteenth part of a master of the three knowledges in the training of the Noble One. 

“Aññathā kho, brāhmaṇa, brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇaṁ tevijjaṁ paññapenti, aññathā ca pana ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hotī”ti.  “Brahmin, a master of three knowledges according to the brahmins is quite different from a master of the three knowledges in the training of the Noble One.” 
“Yathā kathaṁ pana, bho gotama, ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hoti? 
“But Mister Gotama, how is one a master of the three knowledges in the training of the Noble One? 
Evaṁ kho, brāhmaṇa, ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hotī”ti. 
This, brahmin, is a master of the three knowledges in the training of the Noble One.” 
“Aññathā, bho gotama, brāhmaṇānaṁ tevijjo, aññathā ca pana ariyassa vinaye tevijjo hoti. 
“Mister Gotama, the master of three knowledges according to the brahmins is quite different from a master of the three knowledges in the training of the Noble One. 
Imassa ca, bho gotama, ariyassa vinaye tevijjassa brāhmaṇānaṁ tevijjo kalaṁ nāgghati soḷasiṁ. 
And, Mister Gotama, a master of three knowledges according to the brahmins is not worth a sixteenth part of a master of the three knowledges in the training of the Noble One. 

idha tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā.  A Realized One arises in the world, perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed. 

‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti.  ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 
bhagavā’ti → bhagavā (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed) 

Tena kho pana samayena sarabho nāma paribbājako acirapakkanto hoti imasmā dhammavinayā.  Now at that time a wanderer called Sarabha had recently left this teaching and training. 
Aññāya ca panāhaṁ samaṇānaṁ sakyaputtikānaṁ dhammaṁ evāhaṁ tasmā dhammavinayā apakkanto”ti. 
then I left their teaching and training.” 
“sarabho nāma, bhante, paribbājako acirapakkanto imasmā dhammavinayā. 
“The wanderer called Sarabha has recently left this teaching and training. 
Aññāya ca panāhaṁ samaṇānaṁ sakyaputtikānaṁ dhammaṁ evāhaṁ tasmā dhammavinayā apakkanto’ti. 
then I left their teaching and training.’ 
Aññāya ca panāhaṁ samaṇānaṁ sakyaputtikānaṁ dhammaṁ evāhaṁ tasmā dhammavinayā apakkanto’”ti? 
then I left their teaching and training.’” 

Etha tumhe, kālāmā, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti.  Please, Kālāmas, don’t go by oral transmission, don’t go by lineage, don’t go by testament, don’t go by canonical authority, don’t rely on logic, don’t rely on inference, don’t go by reasoned train of thought, don’t go by the acceptance of a view after deliberation, don’t go by the appearance of competence, and don’t think ‘The ascetic is our respected teacher.’ 
Mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti. 
don’t go by oral transmission, don’t go by lineage, don’t go by testament, don’t go by canonical authority, don’t rely on logic, don’t rely on inference, don’t go by reasoned train of thought, don’t go by the acceptance of a view after deliberation, don’t go by the appearance of competence, and don’t think “The ascetic is our respected teacher.” 
Etha tumhe, kālāmā, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti. 
Please, Kālāmas, don’t go by oral transmission, don’t go by lineage, don’t go by testament, don’t go by canonical authority, don’t rely on logic, don’t rely on inference, don’t go by reasoned train of thought, don’t go by the acceptance of a view after deliberation, don’t go by the appearance of competence, and don’t think ‘The ascetic is our respected teacher.’ 
Mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti. 
don’t go by oral transmission, don’t go by lineage, don’t go by testament, don’t go by canonical authority, don’t rely on logic, don’t rely on inference, don’t go by reasoned train of thought, don’t go by the acceptance of a view after deliberation, don’t go by the appearance of competence, and don’t think “The ascetic is our respected teacher.” 

“Etha tumhe, sāḷhā, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti.  “Please, Sāḷha and friend, don’t go by oral transmission, don’t go by lineage, don’t go by testament, don’t go by canonical authority, don’t rely on logic, don’t rely on inference, don’t go by reasoned train of thought, don’t go by the acceptance of a view after deliberation, don’t go by the appearance of competence, and don’t think ‘The ascetic is our respected teacher.’ 
‘etha tumhe, sāḷhā, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti. 
‘Please, don’t go by oral transmission, don’t go by lineage, don’t go by testament, don’t go by canonical authority, don’t rely on logic, don’t rely on inference, don’t go by reasoned train of thought, don’t go by the acceptance of a view after deliberation, don’t go by the appearance of competence, and don’t think “The ascetic is our respected teacher.” 
Etha tumhe, sāḷhā, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti. 
Please, Sāḷha and friend, don’t go by oral transmission, don’t go by lineage, don’t go by testament, don’t go by canonical authority, don’t rely on logic, don’t rely on inference, don’t go by reasoned train of thought, don’t go by the acceptance of a view after deliberation, don’t go by the appearance of competence, and don’t think ‘The ascetic is our respected teacher.’ 
‘etha tumhe, sāḷhā, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā samaṇo no garūti. 
‘Please, don’t go by oral transmission, don’t go by lineage, don’t go by testament, don’t go by canonical authority, don’t rely on logic, don’t rely on inference, don’t go by reasoned train of thought, don’t go by the acceptance of a view after deliberation, don’t go by the appearance of competence, and don’t think “The ascetic is our respected teacher.” 

Evarūpo cāyaṁ, bhikkhave, puggalo vuccati akālavādītipi, abhūtavādītipi, anatthavādītipi, adhammavādītipi, avinayavādītipi.  Such a person is said to have speech that’s ill-timed, false, meaningless, not in line with the teaching and training. 
Tasmā evarūpo puggalo vuccati akālavādītipi, abhūtavādītipi, anatthavādītipi, adhammavādītipi, avinayavādītipi. 
That’s why such a person is said to have speech that’s ill-timed, false, meaningless, not in line with the teaching and training. 
Evarūpo cāyaṁ, bhikkhave, puggalo vuccati kālavādītipi, bhūtavādītipi, atthavādītipi, dhammavādītipi, vinayavādītipi. 
Such a person is said to have speech that’s well-timed, true, meaningful, in line with the teaching and training. 
Tasmā evarūpo puggalo vuccati kālavādītipi, atthavādītipi, dhammavādītipi, vinayavādītipi. 
That’s why such a person is said to have speech that’s well-timed, true, meaningful, in line with the teaching and training. 

‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti.  ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 
‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti. 
‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 
Yāvajīvaṁ arahanto naccagītavāditavisūkadassanamālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā; 
As long as they live, the perfected ones refrain from seeing shows of dancing, singing, and music; and beautifying and adorning themselves with garlands, fragrance, and makeup. 
ahampajja imañca rattiṁ imañca divasaṁ naccagītavāditavisūkadassanamālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭivirato. 
I, too, for this day and night will refrain from seeing shows of dancing, singing, and music ; and beautifying and adorning myself with garlands, fragrance, and makeup. 
Abrahmacariyā virameyya methunā, 
Be celibate, refraining from sex, 

“sekhampi kho, mahānāma, sīlaṁ vuttaṁ bhagavatā, asekhampi sīlaṁ vuttaṁ bhagavatā; sekhopi samādhi vutto bhagavatā, asekhopi samādhi vutto bhagavatā; sekhāpi paññā vuttā bhagavatā, asekhāpi paññā vuttā bhagavatā.  “Mahānāma, the Buddha has spoken of the ethics, immersion, and wisdom of a trainee; and the ethics, immersion, and wisdom of an adept. 
Katamañca, mahānāma, sekhaṁ sīlaṁ? 
What is the ethics of a trainee? 
Idha, mahānāma, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. 
It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
Idaṁ vuccati, mahānāma, sekhaṁ sīlaṁ. 
This is called the ethics of a trainee. 
Katamo ca, mahānāma, sekho samādhi? 
And what is the immersion of a trainee? 
Ayaṁ vuccati, mahānāma, sekho samādhi. 
This is called the immersion of a trainee. 
Katamā ca, mahānāma, sekhā paññā? 
And what is the wisdom of a trainee? 
Ayaṁ vuccati, mahānāma, sekhā paññā. 
This is called the wisdom of a trainee. 
Evaṁ kho, mahānāma, sekhampi sīlaṁ vuttaṁ bhagavatā, asekhampi sīlaṁ vuttaṁ bhagavatā; sekhopi samādhi vutto bhagavatā, asekhopi samādhi vutto bhagavatā; sekhāpi paññā vuttā bhagavatā, asekhāpi paññā vuttā bhagavatā”ti. 
In this way the Buddha has spoken of the ethics, immersion, and wisdom of both a trainee and an adept.” 

Idha, abhaya, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.  It’s when, Abhaya, a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ, buddho bhagavā’ti,  ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 

“sekho, bhikkhave, ānando;  “Mendicants, Ānanda is a trainee, 

Adhisīlasikkhāsamādānaṁ, adhicittasikkhāsamādānaṁ, adhipaññāsikkhāsamādānaṁ—  Undertaking the training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom. 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
‘tibbo no chando bhavissati adhisīlasikkhāsamādāne, tibbo no chando bhavissati adhicittasikkhāsamādāne, tibbo no chando bhavissati adhipaññāsikkhāsamādāne’ti. 
‘We will have keen enthusiasm for undertaking the training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom.’ 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

Tassa na tādiso chando hoti adhisīlasikkhāsamādāne seyyathāpi aññesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ, na tādiso chando hoti adhicittasikkhāsamādāne seyyathāpi aññesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ, na tādiso chando hoti adhipaññāsikkhāsamādāne seyyathāpi aññesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ.  But they don’t have the same enthusiasm for undertaking the training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom as the other mendicants. 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
‘tibbo no chando bhavissati adhisīlasikkhāsamādāne, tibbo no chando bhavissati adhicittasikkhāsamādāne, tibbo no chando bhavissati adhipaññāsikkhāsamādāne’ti. 
‘We will have keen enthusiasm for undertaking the training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom.’ 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

Kālena bījāni patiṭṭhāpetvā samayena udakaṁ abhinetipi apanetipi.  When the time is right, they irrigate the field and then drain it. 
Adhisīlasikkhāsamādānaṁ, adhicittasikkhāsamādānaṁ, adhipaññāsikkhāsamādānaṁ— 
Undertaking the training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom. 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
‘tibbo no chando bhavissati adhisīlasikkhāsamādāne, tibbo no chando bhavissati adhicittasikkhāsamādāne, tibbo no chando bhavissati adhipaññāsikkhāsamādāne’ti. 
‘We will have keen enthusiasm for undertaking the training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom.’ 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

“sādhikamidaṁ, bhante, diyaḍḍhasikkhāpadasataṁ anvaddhamāsaṁ uddesaṁ āgacchati.  “Sir, each fortnight over a hundred and fifty training rules are recited. 
Nāhaṁ, bhante, ettha sakkomi sikkhitun”ti. 
I’m not able to train in them.” 
“Sakkhissasi pana tvaṁ, bhikkhu, tīsu sikkhāsu sikkhituṁ— 
“But monk, are you able to train in three trainings: 
“Tasmātiha tvaṁ, bhikkhu, tīsu sikkhāsu sikkhassu— 
“So, monk, you should train in these three trainings: 
Yato kho tvaṁ, bhikkhu, adhisīlampi sikkhissasi, adhicittampi sikkhissasi, adhipaññampi sikkhissasi, tassa tuyhaṁ bhikkhu adhisīlampi sikkhato adhicittampi sikkhato adhipaññampi sikkhato rāgo pahīyissati, doso pahīyissati, moho pahīyissati. 
As you train in these, you will give up greed, hate, and delusion. 
Atha kho so bhikkhu aparena samayena adhisīlampi sikkhi, adhicittampi sikkhi, adhipaññampi sikkhi. 
After some time that monk trained in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom. 

Sekkhasutta  A Trainee 
“‘Sekho, sekho’ti, bhante, vuccati. 
“Sir, they speak of this person called ‘a trainee’. 
Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, sekho hotī”ti? 
How is a trainee defined?” 
“Sikkhatīti kho, bhikkhu, tasmā sekhoti vuccati. 
“They train, mendicant, that’s why they’re called ‘a trainee’. 
Kiñca sikkhati? 
What is their training? 
Adhisīlampi sikkhati, adhicittampi sikkhati, adhipaññampi sikkhati. 
They train in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom. 
Sikkhatīti kho, bhikkhu, tasmā sekhoti vuccatīti. 
They train, that’s why they’re called ‘a trainee’. 
Sekhassa sikkhamānassa, 
As a trainee trains, 

Paṭhamasikkhāsutta  Training (1st) 
“Sādhikamidaṁ, bhikkhave, diyaḍḍhasikkhāpadasataṁ anvaddhamāsaṁ uddesaṁ āgacchati, yattha attakāmā kulaputtā sikkhanti. 
“Mendicants, each fortnight over a hundred and fifty training rules come up for recitation, in which gentlemen who care for their own welfare train. 
Tisso imā, bhikkhave, sikkhā yatthetaṁ sabbaṁ samodhānaṁ gacchati. 
These are all included in the three trainings. 
Adhisīlasikkhā, adhicittasikkhā adhipaññāsikkhā— 
The training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom. 
imā kho, bhikkhave, tisso sikkhā, yatthetaṁ sabbaṁ samodhānaṁ gacchati. 
These are the three trainings that include them all. 
So yāni tāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni tāni āpajjatipi vuṭṭhātipi. 
They break some lesser and minor training rules, but are restored. 
Yāni ca kho tāni sikkhāpadāni ādibrahmacariyakāni brahmacariyasāruppāni, tattha dhuvasīlo ca hoti ṭhitasīlo ca, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. 
But they’re constant and steady in their precepts regarding the training rules that are fundamental, befitting the spiritual path. They keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
dhuvasīlo → dhuvasīlī (bj) | ṭhitasīlo → ṭhitasīlī (bj) 
So yāni tāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni tāni āpajjatipi vuṭṭhātipi. 
They break some lesser and minor training rules, but are restored. 
Yāni ca kho tāni sikkhāpadāni ādibrahmacariyakāni brahmacariyasāruppāni tattha dhuvasīlo ca hoti ṭhitasīlo ca, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. 
But they’re constant and steady in their precepts regarding the training rules that are fundamental, befitting the spiritual path. They keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
So yāni tāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni tāni āpajjatipi vuṭṭhātipi. 
They break some lesser and minor training rules, but are restored. 
Yāni ca kho tāni sikkhāpadāni ādibrahmacariyakāni brahmacariyasāruppāni tattha dhuvasīlo ca hoti ṭhitasīlo ca, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. 
But they’re constant and steady in their precepts regarding the training rules that are fundamental, befitting the spiritual path. They keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
So yāni tāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni tāni āpajjatipi vuṭṭhātipi. 
They break some lesser and minor training rules, but are restored. 
Yāni ca kho tāni sikkhāpadāni ādibrahmacariyakāni brahmacariyasāruppāni tattha dhuvasīlo ca hoti ṭhitasīlo ca, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. 
But they’re constant and steady in their precepts regarding the training rules that are fundamental, befitting the spiritual path. They keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
Avañjhāni tvevāhaṁ, bhikkhave, sikkhāpadāni vadāmī”ti. 
These training rules are not a waste, I say.” 
Avañjhāni tvevāhaṁ → avañjhānevāhaṁ (mr) 

Dutiyasikkhāsutta  Training (2nd) 
“Sādhikamidaṁ, bhikkhave, diyaḍḍhasikkhāpadasataṁ anvaddhamāsaṁ uddesaṁ āgacchati yattha attakāmā kulaputtā sikkhanti. 
“Mendicants, each fortnight over a hundred and fifty training rules come up for recitation, in which gentlemen who care for their own welfare train. 
Tisso imā, bhikkhave, sikkhā yatthetaṁ sabbaṁ samodhānaṁ gacchati. 
These are all included in the three trainings. 
Adhisīlasikkhā, adhicittasikkhā, adhipaññāsikkhā— 
The training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom. 
imā kho, bhikkhave, tisso sikkhā yatthetaṁ sabbaṁ samodhānaṁ gacchati. 
These are the three trainings that include them all. 
So yāni tāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni tāni āpajjatipi vuṭṭhātipi. 
They break some lesser and minor training rules, but are restored. 
Yāni ca kho tāni sikkhāpadāni ādibrahmacariyakāni brahmacariyasāruppāni tattha dhuvasīlo ca hoti ṭhitasīlo ca, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. 
But they’re constant and steady in their precepts regarding the training rules that are fundamental, befitting the spiritual life. They keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
dhuvasīlo → dhuvasīlī (bj) | ṭhitasīlo → ṭhitasīlī (bj) 
So yāni tāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni tāni āpajjatipi vuṭṭhātipi. 
They break some lesser and minor training rules, but are restored. 
Yāni ca kho tāni sikkhāpadāni ādibrahmacariyakāni brahmacariyasāruppāni tattha dhuvasīlo ca hoti ṭhitasīlo ca, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. 
But they’re constant and steady in their precepts regarding the training rules that are fundamental, befitting the spiritual path. They keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
So yāni tāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni tāni āpajjatipi vuṭṭhātipi. 
They break some lesser and minor training rules, but are restored. 
Yāni ca kho tāni sikkhāpadāni ādibrahmacariyakāni brahmacariyasāruppāni, tattha dhuvasīlo ca hoti ṭhitasīlo ca, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. 
But they’re constant and steady in their precepts regarding the training rules that are fundamental, befitting the spiritual path. They keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
Iti kho, bhikkhave, padesaṁ padesakārī ārādheti, paripūraṁ paripūrakārī, avañjhāni tvevāhaṁ, bhikkhave, sikkhāpadāni vadāmī”ti. 
So, mendicants, if you practice partially you succeed partially. If you practice fully you succeed fully. These training rules are not a waste, I say.” 

Tatiyasikkhāsutta  Training (3rd) 
“Sādhikamidaṁ, bhikkhave, diyaḍḍhasikkhāpadasataṁ anvaddhamāsaṁ uddesaṁ āgacchati yattha attakāmā kulaputtā sikkhanti. 
“Mendicants, each fortnight over a hundred and fifty training rules come up for recitation, in which gentlemen who care for their own welfare train. 
Tisso imā, bhikkhave, sikkhā yatthetaṁ sabbaṁ samodhānaṁ gacchati. 
These are all included in the three trainings. 
Adhisīlasikkhā, adhicittasikkhā, adhipaññāsikkhā— 
The training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom. 
imā kho, bhikkhave, tisso sikkhā yatthetaṁ sabbaṁ samodhānaṁ gacchati. 
These are the three trainings that include them all. 
So yāni tāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni tāni āpajjatipi vuṭṭhātipi. 
They break some lesser and minor training rules, but are restored. 
Yāni ca kho tāni sikkhāpadāni ādibrahmacariyakāni brahmacariyasāruppāni tattha dhuvasīlo ca hoti ṭhitasīlo ca, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. 
But they’re constant and steady in their precepts regarding the training rules that are fundamental, befitting the spiritual path. They keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
Avañjhāni tvevāhaṁ, bhikkhave, sikkhāpadāni vadāmī”ti. 
These training rules are not a waste, I say.” 

Paṭhamasikkhattayasutta  Three Trainings (1st) 
“Tisso imā, bhikkhave, sikkhā. 
“Mendicants, these are the three trainings. 
Adhisīlasikkhā, adhicittasikkhā, adhipaññāsikkhā. 
The training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom. 
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, adhisīlasikkhā? 
And what is the training in the higher ethics? 
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. 
It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhisīlasikkhā. 
This is called the training in the higher ethics. 
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, adhicittasikkhā? 
And what is the training in the higher mind? 
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhicittasikkhā. 
This is called the training in the higher mind. 
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, adhipaññāsikkhā? 
And what is the training in the higher wisdom? 
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhipaññāsikkhā. 
This is called the training in the higher wisdom. 
Imā kho, bhikkhave, tisso sikkhā”ti. 
These are the three trainings.” 

Dutiyasikkhattayasutta  Three Trainings (2nd) 
“Tisso imā, bhikkhave, sikkhā. 
“Mendicants, these are the three trainings. 
Adhisīlasikkhā, adhicittasikkhā, adhipaññāsikkhā. 
The training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom. 
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, adhisīlasikkhā? 
And what is the training in the higher ethics? 
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. 
It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhisīlasikkhā. 
This is called the training in the higher ethics. 
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, adhicittasikkhā? 
And what is the training in the higher mind? 
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhicittasikkhā. 
This is called the training in the higher mind. 
Katamā ca, bhikkhave, adhipaññāsikkhā? 
And what is the training in the higher wisdom? 
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, adhipaññāsikkhā. 
This is called the training in the higher wisdom. 
Imā kho, bhikkhave, tisso sikkhāti. 
These are the three trainings. 
Tamāhu sekhaṁ paṭipadaṁ, 
they call them a ‘trainee on the path’, 
paṭipadaṁ → pāṭipadaṁ (?) 

Tatra sudaṁ bhagavā sikkhāpadapaṭisaṁyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya bhikkhū sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṁseti.  There the Buddha educated, encouraged, fired up, and inspired the mendicants with a Dhamma talk about the training rules. 
yassa me bhagavati sikkhāpadapaṭisaṁyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya bhikkhū sandassente samādapente samuttejente sampahaṁsente ahudeva akkhanti ahu appaccayo: 
that when the Buddha was talking about the training rules I became quite impatient and bitter, thinking 
Accayo maṁ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ yassa me bhagavati sikkhāpadapaṭisaṁyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya bhikkhū sandassente samādapente samuttejente sampahaṁsente ahudeva akkhanti ahu appaccayo: 
“I have made a mistake, sir. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of me to become impatient and bitter when the Buddha was educating, encouraging, firing up, and inspiring the mendicants with a Dhamma talk about the training rules, and to think, 
Tassa me, bhante, bhagavā accayaṁ accayato paṭiggaṇhātu, āyatiṁ saṁvarāyā”ti. 
Please, sir, accept my mistake for what it is, so I will restrain myself in future.” 
Vuddhihesā, kassapa, ariyassa vinaye yo accayaṁ accayato disvā yathādhammaṁ paṭikaroti, āyatiṁ saṁvaraṁ āpajjati. 
For it is growth in the training of the Noble One to recognize a mistake for what it is, deal with it properly, and commit to restraint in the future. 
Thero cepi, kassapa, bhikkhu hoti na sikkhākāmo na sikkhāsamādānassa vaṇṇavādī, ye caññe bhikkhū na sikkhākāmā te ca na sikkhāya samādapeti, ye caññe bhikkhū sikkhākāmā tesañca na vaṇṇaṁ bhaṇati bhūtaṁ tacchaṁ kālena, evarūpassāhaṁ, kassapa, therassa bhikkhuno na vaṇṇaṁ bhaṇāmi. 
Kassapa, take the case of a senior mendicant who doesn’t want to train and doesn’t praise taking up the training. They don’t encourage other mendicants who don’t want to train to take up the training. And they don’t truthfully and correctly praise at the right time those mendicants who do want to train. I don’t praise that kind of senior mendicant. 
Majjhimo cepi, kassapa, bhikkhu hoti …pe… 
Take the case of a middle mendicant who doesn’t want to train … 
navo cepi, kassapa, bhikkhu hoti na sikkhākāmo na sikkhāsamādānassa vaṇṇavādī, ye caññe bhikkhū na sikkhākāmā te ca na sikkhāya samādapeti, ye caññe bhikkhū sikkhākāmā tesañca na vaṇṇaṁ bhaṇati bhūtaṁ tacchaṁ kālena, evarūpassāhaṁ, kassapa, navassa bhikkhuno na vaṇṇaṁ bhaṇāmi. 
Take the case of a junior mendicant who doesn’t want to train … 
Thero cepi, kassapa, bhikkhu hoti sikkhākāmo sikkhāsamādānassa vaṇṇavādī, ye caññe bhikkhū na sikkhākāmā te ca sikkhāya samādapeti, ye caññe bhikkhū sikkhākāmā tesañca vaṇṇaṁ bhaṇati bhūtaṁ tacchaṁ kālena, evarūpassāhaṁ, kassapa, therassa bhikkhuno vaṇṇaṁ bhaṇāmi. 
Kassapa, take the case of a senior mendicant who does want to train and praises taking up the training. They encourage other mendicants who don’t want to train to take up the training. And they truthfully and correctly praise at the right time those mendicants who do want to train. I praise that kind of senior mendicant. 
Majjhimo cepi, kassapa, bhikkhu hoti sikkhākāmo …pe… 
Take the case of a middle mendicant who wants to train … 
navo cepi, kassapa, bhikkhu hoti sikkhākāmo sikkhāsamādānassa vaṇṇavādī, ye caññe bhikkhū na sikkhākāmā te ca sikkhāya samādapeti, ye caññe bhikkhū sikkhākāmā tesañca vaṇṇaṁ bhaṇati bhūtaṁ tacchaṁ kālena, evarūpassāhaṁ, kassapa, navassa bhikkhuno vaṇṇaṁ bhaṇāmi. 
Take the case of a junior mendicant who wants to train … 

Sīghaṁ sīghaṁ bījāni patiṭṭhāpetvā sīghaṁ sīghaṁ udakaṁ abhinetipi apanetipi.  When the time is right, they swiftly irrigate or drain the field. 
Adhisīlasikkhāsamādānaṁ, adhicittasikkhāsamādānaṁ, adhipaññāsikkhāsamādānaṁ— 
Undertaking the training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom. 
Atha kho, bhikkhave, hoti so samayo yaṁ tassa bhikkhuno adhisīlampi sikkhato adhicittampi sikkhato adhipaññampi sikkhato anupādāya āsavehi cittaṁ vimuccati. 
But there comes a time—as that mendicant trains in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom—that their mind is freed from defilements by not grasping. 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
‘tibbo no chando bhavissati adhisīlasikkhāsamādāne, tibbo chando bhavissati adhicittasikkhāsamādāne, tibbo chando bhavissati adhipaññāsikkhāsamādāne’ti. 
‘We will have keen enthusiasm for undertaking the training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom.’ 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

Tīṇi kho panimāni, bhikkhave, imasmiṁ dhammavinaye bhikkhuno pavivekāni.  In this teaching and training, there are three kinds of seclusion for a mendicant. 

Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uparipabbate thullaphusitake deve vassante taṁ udakaṁ yathāninnaṁ pavattamānaṁ pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūreti, pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūrā kusobbhe paripūrenti, kusobbhā paripūrā mahāsobbhe paripūrenti, mahāsobbhā paripūrā kunnadiyo paripūrenti, kunnadiyo paripūrā mahānadiyo paripūrenti, mahānadiyo paripūrā samuddaṁ paripūrenti.  It’s like when the heavens rain heavily on a mountain top, and the water flows downhill to fill the hollows, crevices, and creeks. As they become full, they fill up the pools. The pools fill up the lakes, the lakes fill up the streams, and the streams fill up the rivers. And as the rivers become full, they fill up the ocean. 
kusobbhe → kussubbhe (bj, pts1ed); kussobbhe (sya-all, km, mr) | samuddaṁ → samuddasāgare (mr) 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.  It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.  It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.  It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

‘appasaddā āyasmanto hotha, thero bhikkhu dhammañca vinayañca bhaṇatī’ti.  ‘Venerables, be quiet! The senior mendicant is speaking on the teaching and training.’ 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

“Ruṇṇamidaṁ, bhikkhave, ariyassa vinaye yadidaṁ gītaṁ.  “Singing is regarded as wailing in the training of the Noble One. 

Tathāgatassa, bhikkhave, arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvo dullabho lokasmiṁ, tathāgatappaveditassa dhammavinayassa desetā puggalo dullabho lokasmiṁ, kataññū katavedī puggalo dullabho lokasmiṁ.  A Realized One, a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha. A teacher of the teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One. A person who is grateful and thankful. 

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo anuddhato hoti anunnaḷo acapalo amukharo avikiṇṇavāco upaṭṭhitassati sampajāno samāhito ekaggacitto saṁvutindriyo.  It’s a person who is not restless, insolent, fickle, scurrilous, or loose-tongued. They have established mindfulness, situational awareness and immersion, with unified mind and restrained faculties. 

Adhisīlaṁ sikkhamāno,  Training in the higher ethics, 

indriyesu asaṁvutaṁ;  and you’re not restrained in your sense faculties, 

tathāgatappavedito dhammavinayo, bhikkhave, vivaṭo virocati, no paṭicchanno.  The teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One shine in the open, not under cover. 

Abhidhamme kho pana abhivinaye pañhaṁ puṭṭho saṁsādeti, no vissajjeti.  But when asked a question about the teaching or training, they falter without answering. 
saṁsādeti → saṁhīreti (mr) 
Abhidhamme kho pana abhivinaye pañhaṁ puṭṭho vissajjeti, no saṁsādeti. 
When asked a question about the teaching or training, they answer without faltering. 
Abhidhamme kho pana abhivinaye pañhaṁ puṭṭho vissajjeti, no saṁsādeti. 
When asked a question about the teaching or training, they answer without faltering. 

Abhidhamme kho pana abhivinaye pañhaṁ puṭṭho saṁsādeti, no vissajjeti.  But when asked a question about the teaching or training, they falter without answering. 
Abhidhamme kho pana abhivinaye pañhaṁ puṭṭho vissajjeti, no saṁsādeti. 
When asked a question about the teaching or training, they answer without faltering. 
Abhidhamme kho pana abhivinaye pañhaṁ puṭṭho vissajjeti, no saṁsādeti. 
When asked a question about the teaching or training, they answer without faltering. 

Abhidhamme kho pana abhivinaye pañhaṁ puṭṭho vissajjeti, no saṁsādeti.  When asked a question about the teaching or training, they answer without faltering. 

“Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi asamannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā papatito’ti vuccati.  “Someone without four things is said to have ‘fallen from this teaching and training’. 
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi asamannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā papatito’ti vuccati. 
Someone without these four things is said to have ‘fallen from this teaching and training’. 
Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā apapatito’ti vuccati. 
Someone with four things is said to be ‘secure in this teaching and training’. 
apapatito’ti → appapatitoti (bj, mr) 
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato ‘imasmā dhammavinayā apapatito’ti vuccatīti. 
Someone with these four things is said to be ‘secure in this teaching and training’. 

Paripuṇṇasekho aparihānadhammo;  a perfect trainee, not liable to decline, 

“Sampannasīlā, bhikkhave, viharatha sampannapātimokkhā, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvutā viharatha ācāragocarasampannā, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvino samādāya sikkhatha sikkhāpadesu.  “Mendicants, live by the ethical precepts and the monastic code. Live restrained in the monastic code, conducting yourselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, keep the rules you’ve undertaken. 
Cetosamathasāmīciṁ, 
Training in what leads to serenity of heart, 

Saṁvarasutta  Restraint 
Saṁvarasutta → saṁvarappadhānasuttaṁ (bj) 
Saṁvarappadhānaṁ, pahānappadhānaṁ, bhāvanāppadhānaṁ, anurakkhaṇāppadhānaṁ. 
The efforts to restrain, to give up, to develop, and to preserve. 
Katamañca, bhikkhave, saṁvarappadhānaṁ? 
And what, mendicants, is the effort to restrain? 
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ cakkhundriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṁ, cakkhundriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati. 
If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving its restraint. 
yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ manindriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati manindriyaṁ, manindriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati. 
If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving its restraint. 
Idaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, saṁvarappadhānaṁ. 
This is called the effort to restrain. 
Saṁvaro ca pahānañca, 
Restraint and giving up, 

Atha kho, bhikkhave, brahmā sahampati mama cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya—seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṁ vā bāhaṁ pasāreyya, pasāritaṁ vā bāhaṁ samiñjeyya; evamevaṁ—brahmaloke antarahito mama purato pāturahosi.  And then the divinity Sahampati, knowing my train of thought, vanished from the realm of divinity and appeared in front of me, as easily as a strong man would extend or contract his arm. 
samiñjitaṁ → sammiñjitaṁ (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed) 

So ca hoti akālavādī abhūtavādī anatthavādī adhammavādī avinayavādī, anidhānavatiṁ vācaṁ bhāsitā akālena anapadesaṁ apariyantavatiṁ anatthasaṁhitaṁ.  But your speech is untimely, false, meaningless, and against the teaching or training. You say things at the wrong time which are worthless, unreasonable, rambling, and unbeneficial. 
So ca hoti kālavādī bhūtavādī atthavādī dhammavādī vinayavādī nidhānavatiṁ vācaṁ bhāsitā kālena sāpadesaṁ pariyantavatiṁ atthasaṁhitaṁ. 
But your speech is timely, true, meaningful, and in line with the teaching and training. You say things at the right time which are valuable, reasonable, succinct, and beneficial. 
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu 
A mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
Saññato dhīro dhammesu, 
is restrained when experiencing phenomena, 
Saññato dhīro dhammesu → saññato dhīradhammesu (bj); saṁyutto thiradhammesu (sya-all, km) 

Atha kho idaṁ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṁ vussati saṁvaratthaṁ pahānatthaṁ virāgatthaṁ nirodhatthanti.  This spiritual life is lived for the sake of restraint, giving up, fading away, and cessation. 
Adesayi so bhagavā, 
but for the sake of restraint and giving up, 

Apagatā ca te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū imasmā dhammavinayā, na ca te imasmiṁ dhammavinaye vuddhiṁ viruḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjanti.  They’ve left this teaching and training, and they don’t achieve growth, improvement, or maturity in this teaching and training. 
Anapagatā ca te, bhikkhave, bhikkhū imasmā dhammavinayā. Te ca imasmiṁ dhammavinaye vuddhiṁ viruḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjantīti. 
They haven’t left this teaching and training, and they achieve growth, improvement, or maturity in this teaching and training. 

Adhiggahitā tuṭṭhassa,  They’re mastered by one who trains, 

Abhijjhāvinaye sikkhaṁ,  training to remove desire, 

Dhaññaṁ dhanaṁ yaso kitti,  grain, riches, fame, reputation, 

Evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, yadā tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā, so dhammaṁ deseti:  In the same way, when a Realized One arises in the world—perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed—he teaches the Dhamma: 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.  It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ cakkhundriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati cakkhundriyaṁ; cakkhundriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati. 
If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving restraint over it. 
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ manindriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati manindriyaṁ; manindriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati. 
If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving restraint over it. 
indriyesu ca saṁvuto; 
restrained in the sense faculties, 

Tassa mayhaṁ, bhante, evarūpo javo ahosi, seyyathāpi nāma daḷhadhammā dhanuggaho sikkhito katahattho katūpāsano lahukena asanena appakasirena tiriyaṁ tālacchāyaṁ atipāteyya.  I was as fast as a light arrow easily shot across the shadow of a palm tree by a well-trained expert archer with a strong bow. 
daḷhadhammā → daḷhadhammo (sabbattha) 

Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā suraṁ pivanti merayaṁ, surāmerayapānā appaṭiviratā.  There are some ascetics and brahmins who drink beer and wine, not refraining from drinking beer and wine. 
Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā methunaṁ dhammaṁ paṭisevanti, methunasmā dhammā appaṭiviratā. 
There are some ascetics and brahmins who have sex, not refraining from sex. 
Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā jātarūparajataṁ sādiyanti, jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā. 
There are some ascetics and brahmins who accept gold and currency, not refraining from receiving gold and currency. 
Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā micchājīvena jīvanti, micchājīvā appaṭiviratā. 
There are some ascetics and brahmins who make a living the wrong way, not refraining from wrong livelihood. 

‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti.  ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 

‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi, satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti.  ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 
Puna caparaṁ, gahapati, ariyasāvako uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatehi bhogehi bāhābalaparicitehi sedāvakkhittehi dhammikehi dhammaladdhehi ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā madappamādā paṭiviratā khantisoracce niviṭṭhā ekamattānaṁ damenti, ekamattānaṁ samenti, ekamattānaṁ parinibbāpenti, tathārūpesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu uddhaggikaṁ dakkhiṇaṁ patiṭṭhāpeti sovaggikaṁ sukhavipākaṁ saggasaṁvattanikaṁ. 
Furthermore, with his legitimate wealth he establishes an uplifting religious donation for ascetics and brahmins—those who refrain from intoxication and negligence, are settled in patience and sweetness, and who tame, calm, and extinguish themselves—that’s conducive to heaven, ripens in happiness, and leads to heaven. 

Saṁvarappadhānaṁ, pahānappadhānaṁ, bhāvanāppadhānaṁ, anurakkhaṇāppadhānaṁ.  The efforts to restrain, to give up, to develop, and to preserve. 
Katamañca, bhikkhave, saṁvarappadhānaṁ? 
And what, mendicants, is the effort to restrain? 
Idaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, saṁvarappadhānaṁ. 
This is called the effort to restrain. 
Saṁvaro ca pahānañca, 
Restraint and giving up, 

Devatāsu parikupitāsu devo na sammā dhāraṁ anuppavecchati.  … the heavens don’t provide enough rain. 
Devatāsu aparikupitāsu devo sammā dhāraṁ anuppavecchati. 
… the heavens provide plenty of rain. 
Deve sammā dhāraṁ anuppavecchante samapākāni sassāni bhavanti. 
When the heavens provide plenty of rain, the crops ripen well. 

Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ucce kule paccājāto hoti—khattiyamahāsālakule vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakule vā gahapatimahāsālakule vā aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe;  It’s when a person is reborn in an eminent family—a well-to-do family of aristocrats, brahmins, or householders—rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, and lots of money and grain. 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sekho hoti pāṭipado;  It’s when a mendicant is a practicing trainee, 
pāṭipado → paṭipado (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed) 
evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sekho hoti pāṭipado, anuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ patthayamāno viharati. 
In the same way, a mendicant is a practicing trainee, who lives aspiring to the supreme sanctuary from the yoke. 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sekho hoti appattamānaso, anuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ patthayamāno viharati.  It’s when a mendicant is a trainee who hasn’t achieved their heart’s desire, but lives aspiring to the supreme sanctuary from the yoke. 

Sikkhāpadasutta  Training Rules 

Gajjitā no vassitā,  One thunders but doesn’t rain, 
vassitā no gajjitā, 
one rains but doesn’t thunder, 
neva gajjitā no vassitā, 
one neither thunders nor rains, and 
gajjitā ca vassitā ca. 
one both rains and thunders. 
Gajjitā no vassitā, 
One thunders but doesn’t rain, 
vassitā no gajjitā, 
one rains but doesn’t thunder, 
neva gajjitā no vassitā, 
one neither thunders nor rains, and 
gajjitā ca vassitā ca. 
one both rains and thunders. 
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo gajjitā hoti no vassitā? 
And how does a person thunder but not rain? 
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo gajjitā hoti, no vassitā. 
That’s how a person thunders but doesn’t rain. 
Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, valāhako gajjitā, no vassitā; 
That person is like a cloud that thunders but doesn’t rain, I say. 
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo vassitā hoti, no gajjitā? 
And how does a person rain but not thunder? 
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo neva gajjitā hoti, no vassitā? 
And how does a person neither thunder nor rain? 
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo gajjitā ca hoti vassitā ca? 
And how does a person both thunder and rain? 

Gajjitā no vassitā,  One thunders but doesn’t rain, 
vassitā no gajjitā, 
one rains but doesn’t thunder, 
neva gajjitā no vassitā, 
one neither thunders nor rains, and 
gajjitā ca vassitā ca. 
one both rains and thunders. 
Gajjitā no vassitā, 
One thunders but doesn’t rain, 
vassitā no gajjitā, 
one rains but doesn’t thunder, 
neva gajjitā no vassitā, 
one neither thunders nor rains, and 
gajjitā ca vassitā ca. 
one both rains and thunders. 
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo gajjitā hoti, no vassitā? 
And how does a person thunder but not rain? 
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo gajjitā hoti, no vassitā. 
That’s how a person thunders but doesn’t rain. 
Seyyathāpi so, bhikkhave, valāhako gajjitā, no vassitā; 
That person is like a cloud that thunders but doesn’t rain, I say. 
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo vassitā hoti, no gajjitā? 
And how does a person rain but not thunder? 
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo neva gajjitā hoti, no vassitā? 
And how does a person neither thunder nor rain? 
Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo gajjitā ca hoti vassitā ca? 
And how does a person both thunder and rain? 

Atha kho kesi assadammasārathi yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho kesiṁ assadammasārathiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:  Then Kesi the horse trainer went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him, 
“tvaṁ khosi, kesi, paññāto assadammasārathīti. 
“Kesi, you’re known as a horse trainer. 
tvaṁ khosi → tvañca khvāsi (bj, sya-all, pts1ed) | paññāto assadammasārathīti → saññato assadammasārathi (bj, pts1ed); saññāto assadammasārathi (sya-all, km) 
Kathaṁ pana tvaṁ, kesi, assadammaṁ vinesī”ti? 
Just how do you guide a horse in training?” 
“Ahaṁ kho, bhante, assadammaṁ saṇhenapi vinemi, pharusenapi vinemi, saṇhapharusenapi vinemī”ti. 
“Sir, I guide a horse in training sometimes gently, sometimes harshly, and sometimes both gently and harshly.” 
“Sace te, kesi, assadammo saṇhena vinayaṁ na upeti, pharusena vinayaṁ na upeti, saṇhapharusena vinayaṁ na upeti, kinti naṁ karosī”ti? 
“Kesi, what do you do with a horse in training that doesn’t follow these forms of training?” 
Bhagavā pana, bhante, anuttaro purisadammasārathi. 
But sir, the Buddha is the supreme guide for those who wish to train. 
Kathaṁ pana, bhante, bhagavā purisadammaṁ vinetī”ti? 
Just how do you guide a person in training?” 
“Ahaṁ kho, kesi, purisadammaṁ saṇhenapi vinemi, pharusenapi vinemi, saṇhapharusenapi vinemi. 
“Kesi, I guide a person in training sometimes gently, sometimes harshly, and sometimes both gently and harshly. 
“Sace te, bhante, purisadammo saṇhena vinayaṁ na upeti, pharusena vinayaṁ na upeti, saṇhapharusena vinayaṁ na upeti, kinti naṁ bhagavā karotī”ti? 
“Sir, what do you do with a person in training who doesn’t follow these forms of training?” 
Api ca yo purisadammo saṇhena vinayaṁ na upeti, pharusena vinayaṁ na upeti, saṇhapharusena vinayaṁ na upeti, na taṁ tathāgato vattabbaṁ anusāsitabbaṁ maññati, nāpi viññū sabrahmacārī vattabbaṁ anusāsitabbaṁ maññanti. 
But when a person in training doesn’t follow any of these forms of training, the Realized One doesn’t think they’re worth advising or instructing, and neither do their sensible spiritual companions. 
Vadho heso, kesi, ariyassa vinaye— 
For it is killing in the training of the Noble One 

‘kiṁ nu kho maṁ ajja assadammasārathi kāraṇaṁ kāressati, kimassāhaṁ paṭikaromī’ti.  ‘What task will the horse trainer have me do today? How should I respond?’ 
kimassāhaṁ → kathamassāhaṁ (mr) 
‘kiṁ nu kho maṁ ajja assadammasārathi kāraṇaṁ kāressati, kimassāhaṁ paṭikaromī’ti. 
‘What task will the horse trainer have me do today? How should I respond?’ 
‘kiṁ nu kho maṁ ajja assadammasārathi kāraṇaṁ kāressati, kimassāhaṁ paṭikaromī’ti. 
‘What task will the horse trainer have me do today? How should I respond?’ 
‘kiṁ nu kho maṁ ajja assadammasārathi kāraṇaṁ kāressati, kimassāhaṁ paṭikaromī’ti. 
‘What task will the horse trainer have me do today? How should I respond?’ 

Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo yamenaṁ hatthidammasārathi kāraṇaṁ kāreti—  It’s when a royal bull elephant pays attention, applies the mind, concentrates wholeheartedly, and actively listens to whatever task the elephant trainer has it do, 
Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo yamenaṁ hatthidammasārathi disaṁ peseti— 
It’s when a royal bull elephant swiftly goes in whatever direction the elephant trainer sends it, 
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye desiyamāne aṭṭhiṁ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṁ suṇāti. 
It’s when a mendicant pays attention, applies the mind, concentrates wholeheartedly, and actively listens when the teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One is being taught. 

Evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, cattāri bhayāni idhekaccassa kulaputtassa imasmiṁ dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitassa pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni.  In the same way, a gentleman gone forth from the lay life to homelessness in this teaching and training should anticipate four dangers. 
dhammavinaye agārasmā → saddhā agārasmā (bj, sya-all, km) | pabbajitassa → pabbajato (bj); pabbajito (sya-all); pabbajite (pts1ed) 
So kupito anattamano sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
Angry and upset, they resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ūmibhayassa bhīto sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. 
This is called a mendicant who rejects the training and returns to a lesser life for fear of the danger of waves. 
So kupito anattamano sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
Angry and upset, they resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kumbhīlabhayassa bhīto sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. 
This is called a mendicant who rejects the training and returns to a lesser life for fear of the danger of gharials. 
So evaṁ pabbajito samāno pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya arakkhitena cittena anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṁvutehi indriyehi. 
When they’ve gone forth, they robe up in the morning and, taking their bowl and robe, enter a village or town for alms without guarding body, speech, and mind, without establishing mindfulness, and without restraining the sense faculties. 
Yannūnāhaṁ sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattitvā bhoge ca bhuñjeyyaṁ puññāni ca kareyyan’ti. 
Why don’t I resign the training and return to a lesser life, so I can enjoy my wealth and make merit?’ 
So sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
They resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āvaṭṭabhayassa bhīto sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. 
This is called a mendicant who rejects the training and returns to a lesser life for fear of the danger of whirlpools. 
So evaṁ pabbajito samāno pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya arakkhitena cittena anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṁvutehi indriyehi. 
When they’ve gone forth, they robe up in the morning and, taking their bowl and robe, enter a village or town for alms without guarding body, speech, and mind, without establishing mindfulness, and without restraining the sense faculties. 
So rāgānuddhaṁsitena cittena sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
so they resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu susukābhayassa bhīto sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. 
This is called a mendicant who rejects the training and returns to a lesser life because they’re afraid of the danger of sharks. 
Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri bhayāni idhekaccassa kulaputtassa imasmiṁ dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitassa pāṭikaṅkhitabbānī”ti. 
These are the four dangers that a gentleman gone forth from the lay life to homelessness in this teaching and training should anticipate.” 

Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uparipabbate thullaphusitake deve vassante taṁ udakaṁ yathāninnaṁ pavattamānaṁ pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūreti; pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūrā kusobbhe paripūrenti; kusobbhā paripūrā mahāsobbhe paripūrenti; mahāsobbhā paripūrā kunnadiyo paripūrenti; kunnadiyo paripūrā mahānadiyo paripūrenti; mahānadiyo paripūrā samuddaṁ paripūrenti.  It’s like when the heavens rain heavily on a mountain top, and the water flows downhill to fill the hollows, crevices, and creeks. As they become full, they fill up the pools. The pools fill up the lakes, the lakes fill up the streams, and the streams fill up the rivers. And as the rivers become full, they fill up the ocean. 
samuddaṁ → samuddaṁ sāgaraṁ (bj, pts1ed, mr); samuddasāgaraṁ (sya-all, km) 

Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

Tassā me, bhante, ayyo ānando accayaṁ accayato paṭiggaṇhātu, āyatiṁ saṁvarāyā”ti.  Please, sir, accept my mistake for what it is, so I can restrain myself in future.” 
Vuddhi hesā, bhagini, ariyassa vinaye yo accayaṁ accayato disvā yathādhammaṁ paṭikaroti āyatiṁ saṁvaraṁ āpajjatī”ti. 
For it is growth in the training of the Noble One to recognize a mistake for what it is, deal with it properly, and commit to restraint in the future.” 

Sugatavinayasutta  The Training of a Holy One 
“Sugato vā, bhikkhave, loke tiṭṭhamāno sugatavinayo vā tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ. 
“Mendicants, a Holy One or a Holy One’s training remain in the world for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans. 
Idha, bhikkhave, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā. 
It’s when a Realized One arises in the world, perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed. 
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sugatavinayo? 
And what is the training of a Holy One? 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, sugatavinayo. 
This is the training of a Holy One. 
Evaṁ sugato vā, bhikkhave, loke tiṭṭhamāno sugatavinayo vā tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānanti. 
This is how a Holy One or a Holy One’s training remain in the world for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans. 

So imāni pañca sekhabalāni upanissāya viharati—  They rely on these five powers of a trainee: 
sekhabalāni → sekkhabalāni (sya-all, km) 
So imāni pañca sekhabalāni upanissāya viharati— 
They rely on these five powers of a trainee: 
So imāni pañca sekhabalāni upanissāya viharati— 
They rely on these five powers of a trainee: 
So imāni pañca sekhabalāni upanissāya viharati— 
They rely on these five powers of a trainee: 

yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ cakkhundriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati cakkhundriyaṁ; cakkhundriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.  If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving restraint over it. 
yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ manindriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati manindriyaṁ; manindriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati. 
If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving restraint over it. 

yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ manindriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati manindriyaṁ; manindriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.  If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving restraint over it. 

So imāni pañca sekhabalāni upanissāya viharati—  They rely on these five powers of a trainee: 
So imāni pañca sekhabalāni upanissāya viharati— 
They rely on these five powers of a trainee: 
So imāni pañca sekhabalāni upanissāya viharati— 
They rely on these five powers of a trainee: 
So imāni pañca sekhabalāni upanissāya viharati— 
They rely on these five powers of a trainee: 

Tassā puriso yāni ceva āyamukhāni tāni pidaheyya, yāni ca apāyamukhāni tāni vivareyya, devo ca na sammā dhāraṁ anuppaveccheyya.  And someone was to close off the inlets and open up the drains, and the heavens didn’t provide enough rain. 
Tassā puriso yāni ceva āyamukhāni tāni vivareyya, yāni ca apāyamukhāni tāni pidaheyya, devo ca sammā dhāraṁ anuppaveccheyya. 
And someone was to open up the inlets and close off the drains, and the heavens provided plenty of rain. 

ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanan’ti.  this is the teaching, this is the training, this is the Teacher’s instruction.’ 
Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṁ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. 
Instead, having carefully memorized those words and phrases, you should make sure they fit in the discourse and are exhibited in the training. 
Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni vinaye sandassiyamānāni na ceva sutte otaranti na vinaye sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṁ: 
If they do not fit in the discourse and are not exhibited in the training, you should draw the conclusion: 
ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanan’ti. 
this is the teaching, this is the training, this is the Teacher’s instruction.’ 
Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṁ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. 
Instead, having carefully memorized those words and phrases, you should make sure they fit in the discourse and are exhibited in the training. 
Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni vinaye sandassiyamānāni sutte ceva otaranti vinaye ca sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṁ: 
If they fit in the discourse and are exhibited in the training, you should draw the conclusion: 
ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanan’ti. 
this is the teaching, this is the training, this is the Teacher’s instruction.’ 
Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṁ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. 
Instead, having carefully memorized those words and phrases, you should make sure they fit in the discourse and are exhibited in the training. 
Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni vinaye sandassiyamānāni na ceva sutte otaranti na vinaye sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṁ: 
If they do not fit in the discourse and are not exhibited in the training, you should draw the conclusion: 
ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanan’ti. 
this is the teaching, this is the training, this is the Teacher’s instruction.’ 
Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṁ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. 
Instead, having carefully memorized those words and phrases, you should make sure they fit in the discourse and are exhibited in the training. 
Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni, vinaye sandassiyamānāni sutte ceva otaranti vinaye ca sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṁ: 
If they fit in the discourse and are exhibited in the training, you should draw the conclusion: 
ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanan’ti. 
this is the teaching, this is the training, this is the Teacher’s instruction.’ 
Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṁ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. 
Instead, having carefully memorized those words and phrases, you should make sure they fit in the discourse and are exhibited in the training. 
Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni vinaye sandassiyamānāni na ceva sutte otaranti na vinaye sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṁ: 
If they do not fit in the discourse and are not exhibited in the training, you should draw the conclusion: 
Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṁ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. 
Instead, having carefully memorized those words and phrases, you should make sure they fit in the discourse and are exhibited in the training. 
Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni vinaye sandassiyamānāni sutte ceva otaranti vinaye ca sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṁ: 
If they fit in the discourse and are exhibited in the training, you should draw the conclusion: 
ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanan’ti. 
this is the teaching, this is the training, this is the Teacher’s instruction.’ 
Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṁ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. 
Instead, having carefully memorized those words and phrases, you should make sure they fit in the discourse and are exhibited in the training. 
Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni vinaye sandassiyamānāni na ceva sutte otaranti na vinaye sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṁ: 
If they do not fit in the discourse and are not exhibited in the training, you should draw the conclusion: 
ayaṁ dhammo, ayaṁ vinayo, idaṁ satthusāsanan’ti. 
this is the teaching, this is the training, this is the Teacher’s instruction.’ 
Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṁ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. 
Instead, having carefully memorized those words and phrases, you should make sure they fit in the discourse and are exhibited in the training. 
Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni vinaye sandassiyamānāni sutte ceva otaranti vinaye ca sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṁ: 
If they fit in the discourse and are exhibited in the training, you should draw the conclusion: 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.  It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

‘ayaṁ vā so dhammavinayo, yatthāhaṁ pubbe brahmacariyaṁ acarin’ti.  ‘I used to lead the spiritual life in this same teaching and training.’ 
‘ayaṁ vā so dhammavinayo, yatthāhaṁ pubbe brahmacariyaṁ acarin’ti. 
‘I used to lead the spiritual life in this same teaching and training.’ 

“Etha tumhe, bhaddiya, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā ‘samaṇo no garū’ti.  “Please, Bhaddiya, don’t go by oral transmission, don’t go by lineage, don’t go by testament, don’t go by canonical authority, don’t rely on logic, don’t rely on inference, don’t go by reasoned train of thought, don’t go by the acceptance of a view after deliberation, don’t go by the appearance of competence, and don’t think ‘The ascetic is our respected teacher.’ 
etha tumhe, bhaddiya, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā ‘samaṇo no garū’ti. 
‘Please, Bhaddiya, don’t go by oral transmission, don’t go by lineage, don’t go by testament, don’t go by canonical authority, don’t rely on logic, don’t rely on inference, don’t go by reasoned train of thought, don’t go by the acceptance of a view after deliberation, don’t go by the appearance of competence, and don’t think “The ascetic is our respected teacher.” 
etha tumhe, bhaddiya, mā anussavena, mā paramparāya, mā itikirāya, mā piṭakasampadānena, mā takkahetu, mā nayahetu, mā ākāraparivitakkena, mā diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā, mā bhabbarūpatāya, mā ‘samaṇo no garū’ti. 
‘Please, Bhaddiya, don’t go by oral transmission, don’t go by lineage, don’t go by testament, don’t go by canonical authority, don’t rely on logic, don’t rely on inference, don’t go by reasoned train of thought, don’t go by the acceptance of a view after deliberation, don’t go by the appearance of competence, and don’t think “The ascetic is our respected teacher.” 

Idha, byagghapajjā, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.  It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

“Idhassa, vappa, kāyena saṁvuto vācāya saṁvuto manasā saṁvuto avijjāvirāgā vijjuppādā.  “Vappa, take a person who, due to the fading away of ignorance and the arising of knowledge, is restrained in body, speech, and mind. 
ye kāyasamārambhapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, kāyasamārambhā paṭiviratassa evaṁsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti. 
There are distressing and feverish defilements that arise because of instigating bodily activity. These don’t occur in someone who refrains from such bodily activity. 
ye vacīsamārambhapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, vacīsamārambhā paṭiviratassa evaṁsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti. 
There are distressing and feverish defilements that arise because of instigating verbal activity. These don’t occur in someone who refrains from such verbal activity. 
ye manosamārambhapaccayā uppajjanti āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, manosamārambhā paṭiviratassa evaṁsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti. 
There are distressing and feverish defilements that arise because of instigating mental activity. These don’t occur in someone who refrains from such mental activity. 

Idha, bhikkhave, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā.  It’s when a Realized One arises in the world, perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed. 
So evaṁ pabbajito samāno bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno pāṇātipātaṁ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharati. 
Once they’ve gone forth, they take up the training and livelihood of the mendicants. They give up killing living creatures, renouncing the rod and the sword. They’re scrupulous and kind, living full of sympathy for all living beings. 
Samphappalāpaṁ pahāya samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti kālavādī bhūtavādī atthavādī dhammavādī vinayavādī; nidhānavatiṁ vācaṁ bhāsitā hoti kālena sāpadesaṁ pariyantavatiṁ atthasaṁhitaṁ. 
They give up talking nonsense. Their words are timely, true, and meaningful, in line with the teaching and training. They say things at the right time which are valuable, reasonable, succinct, and beneficial. 
So bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā paṭivirato hoti. 
They refrain from injuring plants and seeds. 
Naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā paṭivirato hoti. 
They refrain from seeing shows of dancing, singing, and music . 
Mālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. 
They refrain from beautifying and adorning themselves with garlands, fragrance, and makeup. 
Uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato hoti. 
They refrain from high and luxurious beds. 
Jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. 
They refrain from receiving gold and currency, 
Āmakadhaññapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti. 
raw grains, 
Dūteyyapahiṇagamanānuyogā paṭivirato hoti. 
They refrain from running errands and messages; 
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ cakkhundriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati cakkhundriyaṁ; cakkhundriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati. 
If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving restraint over it. 
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ manindriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati manindriyaṁ; manindriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati. 
If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving restraint over it. 
So iminā ariyena indriyasaṁvarena samannāgato ajjhattaṁ abyāsekasukhaṁ paṭisaṁvedeti. 
When they have this noble sense restraint, they experience an unsullied bliss inside themselves. 
So iminā ca ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato, imāya ca ariyāya santuṭṭhiyā samannāgato, iminā ca ariyena indriyasaṁvarena samannāgato, iminā ca ariyena satisampajaññena samannāgato 
When they have this entire spectrum of noble ethics, this noble contentment, this noble sense restraint, and this noble mindfulness and situational awareness, 
imāya ca ariyāya santuṭṭhiyā samannāgato → etthantare pāṭho si, sya-all, pts1ed potthakesu | samannāgato → samannāgato. so (mr) 

Sikkhāpadasutta  Training Rules 
Sikkhāpadasutta → sappurisasuttaṁ (bj) 
Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco attanā ca pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, parañca pāṇātipātā veramaṇiyā samādapeti; 
It’s someone who doesn’t kill living creatures, steal, commit sexual misconduct, lie, or consume beer, wine, and liquor intoxicants. And they encourage others to refrain from these things. 

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco attanā ca pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, parañca pāṇātipātā veramaṇiyā samādapeti;  It’s someone who doesn’t kill living creatures, steal, commit sexual misconduct, or use speech that’s false, divisive, harsh, or nonsensical. And they encourage others to refrain from these things. 

Paṭhamasikkhāpadasutta  Training Rules (1st) 

Dutiyasikkhāpadasutta  Training Rules (2nd) 

Sikkhānisaṁsasutta  The Benefits of Training 
“Sikkhānisaṁsamidaṁ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṁ vussati paññuttaraṁ vimuttisāraṁ satādhipateyyaṁ. 
“Mendicants, this spiritual life is lived with training as its benefit, with wisdom as its overseer, with freedom as its core, and with mindfulness as its ruler. 
Kathañca, bhikkhave, sikkhānisaṁsaṁ hoti? 
And how is training its benefit? 
Idha, bhikkhave, mayā sāvakānaṁ ābhisamācārikā sikkhā paññattā appasannānaṁ pasādāya pasannānaṁ bhiyyobhāvāya. 
Firstly, I laid down for my disciples the training that deals with supplementary regulations in order to inspire confidence in those without it and to increase confidence in those who have it. 
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, mayā sāvakānaṁ ādibrahmacariyikā sikkhā paññattā sabbaso sammā dukkhakkhayāya. 
Furthermore, I laid down for my disciples the training that deals with the fundamentals of the spiritual life in order to rightly end suffering in every way. 
Yathā yathā, bhikkhave, mayā sāvakānaṁ ādibrahmacariyikā sikkhā paññattā sabbaso sammā dukkhakkhayāya tathā tathā so tassā sikkhāya akhaṇḍakārī hoti acchiddakārī asabalakārī akammāsakārī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. 
They undertake whatever training that deals with the fundamentals of the spiritual life I have laid down, keeping it intact, impeccable, spotless, and unmarred. 
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, sikkhānisaṁsaṁ hoti. 
That’s how training is its benefit. 
‘Iti aparipūraṁ vā ābhisamācārikaṁ sikkhaṁ paripūressāmi, paripūraṁ vā ābhisamācārikaṁ sikkhaṁ tattha tattha paññāya anuggahessāmī’ti—ajjhattaṁyeva sati sūpaṭṭhitā hoti. 
Mindfulness is well established in oneself: ‘In this way I’ll fulfill the training dealing with supplementary regulations, or support with wisdom in every situation the training dealing with supplementary regulations I’ve already fulfilled.’ 
‘Iti aparipūraṁ vā ādibrahmacariyikaṁ sikkhaṁ paripūressāmi, paripūraṁ vā ādibrahmacariyikaṁ sikkhaṁ tattha tattha paññāya anuggahessāmī’ti—ajjhattaṁyeva sati sūpaṭṭhitā hoti. 
Mindfulness is well established in oneself: ‘In this way I’ll fulfill the training dealing with the fundamentals of the spiritual life, or support with wisdom in every situation the training dealing with the fundamentals of the spiritual life I’ve already fulfilled.’ 
‘Sikkhānisaṁsamidaṁ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṁ vussati paññuttaraṁ vimuttisāraṁ satādhipateyyan’ti, 
‘This spiritual life is lived with training as its benefit, with wisdom as its overseer, with freedom as its core, and with mindfulness as its ruler.’ 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.  It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.  It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

1. Sekhabalavagga  1. Powers of a Trainee 
“Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, sekhabalāni. 
“Mendicants, there are these five powers of a trainee. 
sekhabalāni → sekkhabalāni (mr) 
imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca sekhabalāni. 
These are the five powers of a trainee. 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
‘saddhābalena samannāgatā bhavissāma sekhabalena, hirībalena samannāgatā bhavissāma sekhabalena, ottappabalena samannāgatā bhavissāma sekhabalena, vīriyabalena samannāgatā bhavissāma sekhabalena, paññābalena samannāgatā bhavissāma sekhabalenā’ti. 
‘We will have the trainee’s powers of faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom.’ 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

1. Sekhabalavagga  1. Powers of a Trainee 
“Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, sekhabalāni. 
“Mendicants, there are these five powers of a trainee. 
‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti. 
‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 
Imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca sekhabalāni. 
These are the five powers of a trainee. 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
‘saddhābalena samannāgatā bhavissāma sekhabalena, hirībalena … ottappabalena … vīriyabalena … paññābalena samannāgatā bhavissāma sekhabalenā’ti. 
‘We will have the trainee’s powers of faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom.’ 
Evañhi kho, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

1. Sekhabalavagga  1. Powers of a Trainee 

1. Sekhabalavagga  1. Powers of a Trainee 

1. Sekhabalavagga  1. Powers of a Trainee 
“Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vā bhikkhunī vā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati, tassa diṭṭheva dhamme pañca sahadhammikā vādānupātā gārayhā ṭhānā āgacchanti. 
“Mendicants, any monk or nun who rejects the training and returns to a lesser life deserves rebuttal and criticism on five legitimate grounds in this very life. 
diṭṭheva → diṭṭhe ceva (bj); dittheva (pts1ed) | vādānupātā → vādānuvādā (pts1ed) 
Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vā bhikkhunī vā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati, tassa diṭṭheva dhamme ime pañca sahadhammikā vādānupātā gārayhā ṭhānā āgacchanti. 
Any monk or nun who rejects the training and returns to a lesser life deserves rebuttal and criticism on these five legitimate grounds in this very life. 

1. Sekhabalavagga  1. Powers of a Trainee 

1. Sekhabalavagga  1. Powers of a Trainee 

1. Sekhabalavagga  1. Powers of a Trainee 

1. Sekhabalavagga  1. Powers of a Trainee 

1. Sekhabalavagga  1. Powers of a Trainee 
“Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu agāravo appatisso abhabbo imasmiṁ dhammavinaye vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjituṁ. 
“Mendicants, a disrespectful and irreverent mendicant with five qualities can’t achieve growth, improvement, or maturity in this teaching and training. 
Duppañño, bhikkhave, bhikkhu agāravo appatisso abhabbo imasmiṁ dhammavinaye vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjituṁ. 
witless can’t achieve growth, improvement, or maturity in this teaching and training. 
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu agāravo appatisso abhabbo imasmiṁ dhammavinaye vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjituṁ. 
A disrespectful and irreverent mendicant with these five qualities can’t achieve growth, improvement, or maturity in this teaching and training. 
Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sagāravo sappatisso bhabbo imasmiṁ dhammavinaye vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjituṁ. 
A respectful and reverent mendicant with five qualities can achieve growth, improvement, and maturity in this teaching and training. 
Hirīmā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu …pe… ottappī, bhikkhave, bhikkhu …pe… āraddhavīriyo, bhikkhave, bhikkhu …pe… paññavā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sagāravo sappatisso bhabbo imasmiṁ dhammavinaye vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjituṁ. 
conscientious … prudent … energetic … wise can achieve growth, improvement, and maturity in this teaching and training. 
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu sagāravo sappatisso bhabbo imasmiṁ dhammavinaye vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjitun”ti. 
A respectful and reverent mendicant with these five qualities can achieve growth, improvement, and maturity in this teaching and training.” 

“Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, sekhabalāni.  “Mendicants, there are these five powers of a trainee. 
imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca sekhabalāni. 
These are the five powers of a trainee. 
Imesaṁ kho, bhikkhave, pañcannaṁ sekhabalānaṁ etaṁ aggaṁ etaṁ saṅgāhikaṁ etaṁ saṅghātaniyaṁ, yadidaṁ paññābalaṁ. 
Of these five powers of a trainee, the power of wisdom is the chief. It holds and binds everything together. 
Evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, imesaṁ pañcannaṁ sekhabalānaṁ etaṁ aggaṁ etaṁ saṅgāhikaṁ etaṁ saṅghātaniyaṁ, yadidaṁ paññābalaṁ. 
In the same way, of these five powers of a trainee, the power of wisdom is the chief. It holds and binds everything together. 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
‘saddhābalena samannāgatā bhavissāma sekhabalena, hirībalena … ottappabalena … vīriyabalena … paññābalena samannāgatā bhavissāma sekhabalenā’ti. 
‘We will have the trainee’s powers of faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom.’ 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti.  ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 

‘Ābhisamācārikaṁ dhammaṁ aparipūretvā sekhaṁ dhammaṁ paripūressatī’ti netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.  Without fulfilling the practice dealing with supplementary regulations, it’s impossible to fulfill the practice of a trainee. 
sekhaṁ → sekkhaṁ (mr) 
‘Sekhaṁ dhammaṁ aparipūretvā sīlāni paripūressatī’ti netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati. 
Without fulfilling the practice of a trainee, it’s impossible to fulfill ethics. 
‘Ābhisamācārikaṁ dhammaṁ paripūretvā sekhaṁ dhammaṁ paripūressatī’ti ṭhānametaṁ vijjati. 
Having fulfilled the practice dealing with supplementary regulations, it’s possible to fulfill the practice of a trainee. 
‘Sekhaṁ dhammaṁ paripūretvā sīlāni paripūressatī’ti ṭhānametaṁ vijjati. 
Having fulfilled the practice of a trainee, it’s possible to fulfill ethics. 

‘Ābhisamācārikaṁ dhammaṁ aparipūretvā sekhaṁ dhammaṁ paripūressatī’ti netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.  Without fulfilling the practice dealing with supplementary regulations, it’s impossible to fulfill the practice of a trainee. 
‘Sekhaṁ dhammaṁ aparipūretvā sīlakkhandhaṁ paripūressatī’ti netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati. 
Without fulfilling the practice of a trainee, it’s impossible to fulfill the entire spectrum of ethics. 
‘Ābhisamācārikaṁ dhammaṁ paripūretvā sekhaṁ dhammaṁ paripūressatī’ti ṭhānametaṁ vijjati. 
Having fulfilled the practice dealing with supplementary regulations, it’s possible to fulfill the practice of a trainee. 
‘Sekhaṁ dhammaṁ paripūretvā sīlakkhandhaṁ paripūressatī’ti ṭhānametaṁ vijjati. 
Having fulfilled the practice of a trainee, it’s possible to fulfill the entire spectrum of ethics. 

Tamenaṁ dakkho yoggācariyo assadammasārathi abhiruhitvā vāmena hatthena rasmiyo gahetvā dakkhiṇena hatthena patodaṁ gahetvā yenicchakaṁ yadicchakaṁ sāreyyapi paccāsāreyyapi.  A deft horse trainer, a master charioteer, might mount the chariot, taking the reins in his right hand and goad in the left. He’d drive out and back wherever he wishes, whenever he wishes. 

‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi, satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavāti’.  ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 
Seyyathāpi, bhante, thullaphusitake deve vassante yathāninnaṁ udakāni pavattanti; 
It’s like when the heavens rain heavily and the water flows downhill. 

Yathāpi megho thanayaṁ,  The thundering rain cloud, 

“tasmātiha, kumāriyo, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  “So, girls, you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, kumāriyo, sikkhitabbaṁ. 
That’s how you should train. 
Tasmātiha, kumāriyo, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So, girls, you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, kumāriyo, sikkhitabbaṁ. 
That’s how you should train. 
Tasmātiha, kumāriyo, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So, girls, you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, kumāriyo, sikkhitabbaṁ. 
That’s how you should train. 
Tasmātiha, kumāriyo, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So, girls, you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, kumāriyo, sikkhitabbaṁ. 
That’s how you should train. 
Tasmātiha, kumāriyo, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So, girls, you should train like this: 
‘yaṁ bhattā āharissati dhanaṁ vā dhaññaṁ vā rajataṁ vā jātarūpaṁ vā, taṁ ārakkhena guttiyā sampādessāma, tattha ca bhavissāma adhuttī athenī asoṇḍī avināsikāyo’ti. 
‘We will ensure that any income our husbands earn is guarded and protected, whether money, grain, silver, or gold. We will not overspend, steal, waste, or lose it.’ 
ārakkhena → ārakkhāya (si) 
Evañhi vo, kumāriyo, sikkhitabbaṁ. 
That’s how you should train. 

yāni tāni navasassāni navaphalāni tāni paṭhamaṁ sīlavantesu patiṭṭhāpeti.  Presenting the freshly harvested grains and fruits first to those who are ethical. 

Puna caparaṁ, gahapati, ariyasāvako uṭṭhānavīriyādhigatehi bhogehi bāhābalaparicitehi sedāvakkhittehi dhammikehi dhammaladdhehi ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā madappamādā paṭiviratā khantisoracce niviṭṭhā ekamattānaṁ damenti ekamattānaṁ samenti ekamattānaṁ parinibbāpenti, tathārūpesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu uddhaggikaṁ dakkhiṇaṁ patiṭṭhāpeti sovaggikaṁ sukhavipākaṁ saggasaṁvattanikaṁ.  Furthermore, with his legitimate wealth he establishes an uplifting religious donation for ascetics and brahmins—those who refrain from intoxication and negligence, are settled in patience and sweetness, and who tame, calm, and extinguish themselves—that’s conducive to heaven, ripens in happiness, and leads to heaven. 

Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahāmegho sabbasassāni sampādento bahuno janassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya hoti;  It’s like a great rain cloud, which nourishes all the crops for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of the people. 

Manāpo me, bhante, sālīnaṁ odano vicitakāḷako anekasūpo anekabyañjano;  “… My boiled fine rice with the dark grains picked out, served with many soups and sauces is agreeable: 
vicitakāḷako → vigatakāḷako (sya-all, km, pts1ed); vigatakālako (mr) 

‘itipi so bhagavā …pe… satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti.  ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 

Yāvatikā yānassa bhūmi yānena gantvā, yānā paccorohitvā pattikova ārāmaṁ pāvisi.  He went by carriage as far as the terrain allowed, then descended and entered the monastery on foot. 

‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti.  ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 

Tena kho pana samayena sāvatthiyaṁ ubho mātāputtā vassāvāsaṁ upagamiṁsu—  Now, at that time a mother and son had both entered the rainy season residence at Sāvatthī, 
upagamiṁsu → upasaṅkamiṁsu (mr) 
Te otiṇṇacittā sikkhaṁ apaccakkhāya dubbalyaṁ anāvikatvā methunaṁ dhammaṁ paṭiseviṁsu. 
With their minds swamped by lust, without resigning the training and declaring their inability to continue, they had sex. 

Tasmātiha te, bhikkhu, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  So you should train like this: 
Evañhi te, bhikkhu, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 
Tasmātiha vo, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

Sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati.  Declaring his inability to continue training, he rejects it and returns to a lesser life. 
Sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
Declaring his inability to continue training, he rejects it and returns to a lesser life. 
Sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
Declaring his inability to continue training, he rejects it and returns to a lesser life. 
Sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
Declaring his inability to continue training, he rejects it and returns to a lesser life. 
Sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
Declaring his inability to continue training, he rejects it and returns to a lesser life. 
Sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
Declaring his inability to continue training, he rejects it and returns to a lesser life. 
So mātugāmena abhinisīdiyamāno abhinipajjiyamāno ajjhotthariyamāno sikkhaṁ apaccakkhāya dubbalyaṁ anāvikatvā methunaṁ dhammaṁ paṭisevati. 
Without resigning the training and declaring his inability to continue, he has sex. 

So pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya tameva gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya arakkhitena cittena anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṁvutehi indriyehi.  He robes up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, enters a village or town for alms without guarding body, speech, and mind, without establishing mindfulness, and without restraining the sense faculties. 
So rāgānuddhaṁsitena cittena sikkhaṁ apaccakkhāya dubbalyaṁ anāvikatvā methunaṁ dhammaṁ paṭisevati. 
and, without resigning the training and declaring his inability to continue, he has sex. 
So pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya tameva gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya arakkhitena cittena anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṁvutehi indriyehi. 
He robes up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, enters a village or town for alms without guarding body, speech, and mind, without establishing mindfulness, and without restraining the sense faculties. 
sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattissāmī’ti. 
I declare my inability to continue training. I reject it and will return to a lesser life.”’ 
So ārāmaṁ gacchanto appatvāva ārāmaṁ antarāmagge sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
But while traveling on the road, before he reaches the monastery he declares his inability to continue training. He rejects it and returns to a lesser life. 
So pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya tameva gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya arakkhitena cittena anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṁvutehi indriyehi. 
He robes up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, enters a village or town for alms without guarding body, speech, and mind, without establishing mindfulness, and without restraining the sense faculties. 
sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattissāmī’ti. 
I declare my inability to continue training. I reject it and will return to a lesser life.”’ 
sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattissāmī’ti. 
I declare my inability to continue training. I reject it and will return to a lesser life.’ 
māyasmā sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattī’ti. 
Venerable, please don’t declare your inability to continue training, reject it and return to a lesser life.’ 
atha kho nevāhaṁ sakkomi brahmacariyaṁ sandhāretuṁ, sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattissāmī’ti. 
I am unable to keep up the spiritual life. I declare my inability to continue training. I reject it and will return to a lesser life.’ 
So sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
Declaring his inability to continue training, he rejects it and returns to a lesser life. 
So pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya tameva gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya arakkhitena cittena anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṁvutehi indriyehi. 
He robes up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, enters a village or town for alms without guarding body, speech, and mind, without establishing mindfulness, and without restraining the sense faculties. 
sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattissāmī’ti. 
I declare my inability to continue training. I reject it and will return to a lesser life.”’ 
sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattissāmī’ti. 
I declare my inability to continue training. I reject it and will return to a lesser life.’ 
māyasmā sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattī’ti. 
Venerable, please don’t declare your inability to continue training, reject it and return to a lesser life.’ 
Na dānāhaṁ, āvuso, sikkhādubbalyaṁ āvikatvā sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattissāmī’ti. 
I won’t now declare my inability to continue training, reject it and return to a lesser life.’ 
So pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya tameva gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā piṇḍāya pavisati rakkhiteneva kāyena rakkhitāya vācāya rakkhitena cittena upaṭṭhitāya satiyā saṁvutehi indriyehi. 
He robes up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, enters a village or town, guarding body, speech, and mind, establishing mindfulness, and restraining the sense faculties. 
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ cakkhundriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati cakkhundriyaṁ; cakkhundriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati. 
If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, he practices restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving restraint over it. 
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ manindriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati manindriyaṁ; manindriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati. 
If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, he practices restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving restraint over it. 

Iti kho, bhikkhave, dhammasandosā vinayasandoso;  And that is how corrupt training comes from corrupt teachings, 
vinayasandosā dhammasandoso. 
and corrupt teachings come from corrupt training. 
Iti kho, bhikkhave, dhammasandosā vinayasandoso; 
And that is how corrupt training comes from corrupt teachings, 
vinayasandosā dhammasandoso. 
and corrupt teachings come from corrupt training. 
Iti kho, bhikkhave, dhammasandosā vinayasandoso; 
And that is how corrupt training comes from corrupt teachings, 
vinayasandosā dhammasandoso. 
and corrupt teachings come from corrupt training. 
Iti kho, bhikkhave, dhammasandosā vinayasandoso; 
And that is how corrupt training comes from corrupt teachings, 
vinayasandosā dhammasandoso. 
and corrupt teachings come from corrupt training. 
Iti kho, bhikkhave, dhammasandosā vinayasandoso; 
And that is how corrupt training comes from corrupt teachings, 
vinayasandosā dhammasandoso. 
and corrupt teachings come from corrupt training. 

Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, bhavissanti bhikkhū anāgatamaddhānaṁ bhikkhunīsikkhamānāsamaṇuddesehi saṁsaṭṭhā viharissanti.  Furthermore, in a future time there will be mendicants who mix closely with nuns, trainee nuns, and novice nuns. 
‘anabhiratā vā brahmacariyaṁ carissanti, aññataraṁ vā saṅkiliṭṭhaṁ āpattiṁ āpajjissanti, sikkhaṁ vā paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattissanti’. 
they will lead the spiritual life dissatisfied, or commit one of the corrupt offenses, or reject the training and return to a lesser life. 

Sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati. Ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu;  They’re ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

Paṭhamasekhasutta  A Trainee (1st) 
“Pañcime, bhikkhave, dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṁvattanti. 
“These five things lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṁvattanti. 
These five things lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Pañcime, bhikkhave, dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṁvattanti. 
These five things don’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṁvattantī”ti. 
These five things don’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee.” 

Dutiyasekhasutta  A Trainee (2nd) 
“Pañcime, bhikkhave, dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṁvattanti. 
“These five things lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Idha, bhikkhave, sekho bhikkhu bahukicco hoti bahukaraṇīyo viyatto kiṅkaraṇīyesu; 
Firstly, a mendicant trainee has many duties and responsibilities, and is competent in many tasks. 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo dhammo sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṁvattati. 
This is the first thing that leads to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, sekho bhikkhu appamattakena kammena divasaṁ atināmeti; 
Furthermore, a mendicant trainee spends too much time doing trivial work. 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, dutiyo dhammo sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṁvattati. 
This is the second thing that leads to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, sekho bhikkhu saṁsaṭṭho viharati gahaṭṭhapabbajitehi ananulomikena gihisaṁsaggena; 
Furthermore, a mendicant trainee mixes closely with laypeople and renunciates, socializing inappropriately like a layperson. 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, tatiyo dhammo sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṁvattati. 
This is the third thing that leads to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, sekho bhikkhu akālena gāmaṁ pavisati, atidivā paṭikkamati; 
Furthermore, a mendicant trainee enters the town at the wrong time, and returns too late in the day. 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, catuttho dhammo sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṁvattati. 
This is the fourth thing that leads to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, sekho bhikkhu yāyaṁ kathā ābhisallekhikā cetovivaraṇasappāyā, seyyathidaṁ— 
Furthermore, a mendicant trainee doesn’t get to take part in talk about self-effacement that helps open the heart, when they want, without trouble or difficulty. That is, 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, pañcamo dhammo sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṁvattati. 
This is the fifth thing that leads to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṁvattanti. 
These five things lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Pañcime, bhikkhave, dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṁvattanti. 
These five things don’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Idha, bhikkhave, sekho bhikkhu na bahukicco hoti na bahukaraṇīyo viyatto kiṅkaraṇīyesu; 
Firstly, a mendicant trainee doesn’t have many duties and responsibilities, even though they are competent in many tasks. 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo dhammo sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṁvattati. 
This is the first thing that doesn’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, sekho bhikkhu na appamattakena kammena divasaṁ atināmeti; 
Furthermore, a mendicant trainee doesn’t waste their day doing trivial work. 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, dutiyo dhammo sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṁvattati. 
This is the second thing that doesn’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, sekho bhikkhu asaṁsaṭṭho viharati gahaṭṭhapabbajitehi ananulomikena gihisaṁsaggena; 
Furthermore, a mendicant trainee doesn’t mix closely with laypeople and renunciates, socializing inappropriately like a layperson. 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, tatiyo dhammo sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṁvattati. 
This is the third thing that doesn’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, sekho bhikkhu na atikālena gāmaṁ pavisati, nātidivā paṭikkamati; 
Furthermore, a mendicant trainee doesn’t enter the village too early or return too late in the day. 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, catuttho dhammo sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṁvattati. 
This is the fourth thing that doesn’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, sekho bhikkhu yāyaṁ kathā ābhisallekhikā cetovivaraṇasappāyā, seyyathidaṁ— 
Furthermore, a mendicant trainee gets to take part in talk about self-effacement that helps open the heart, when they want, without trouble or difficulty. That is, 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, pañcamo dhammo sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṁvattati. 
This is the fifth thing that doesn't lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṁvattantī”ti. 
These five things don’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee.” 

“Pañcime, bhikkhave, sekhavesārajjakaraṇā dhammā.  “Mendicants, these five qualities make a trainee assured. 
Tasmāyaṁ dhammo sekhavesārajjakaraṇo. 
So this quality makes a trainee assured. 
Tasmāyaṁ dhammo sekhavesārajjakaraṇo. 
So this quality makes a trainee assured. 
Tasmāyaṁ dhammo sekhavesārajjakaraṇo. 
So this quality makes a trainee assured. 
Tasmāyaṁ dhammo sekhavesārajjakaraṇo. 
So this quality makes a trainee assured. 
Tasmāyaṁ dhammo sekhavesārajjakaraṇo. 
So this quality makes a trainee assured. 
Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca sekhavesārajjakaraṇā dhammā”ti. 
These are the five qualities that make a trainee assured.” 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu;  It’s when mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu;  It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

“Ye te, ānanda, bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ, te vo, ānanda, bhikkhū pañcasu dhammesu samādapetabbā nivesetabbā patiṭṭhāpetabbā.  “Ānanda, those mendicants who are junior, recently gone forth, newly come to this teaching and training should be encouraged, supported, and established in five things. 
samādapetabbā → samādāpetabbā (?) 
‘Etha tumhe, āvuso, sīlavā hotha, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvutā viharatha ācāragocarasampannā aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvino, samādāya sikkhatha sikkhāpadesū’ti—iti pātimokkhasaṁvare samādapetabbā nivesetabbā patiṭṭhāpetabbā. 
They should be encouraged, supported, and established in restraint in the monastic code: ‘Reverends, please be ethical. Live restrained in the monastic code, conducting yourselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, keep the rules you’ve undertaken.’ 
‘Etha tumhe, āvuso, indriyesu guttadvārā viharatha ārakkhasatino nipakkasatino, sārakkhitamānasā satārakkhena cetasā samannāgatā’ti—iti indriyasaṁvare samādapetabbā nivesetabbā patiṭṭhāpetabbā. 
They should be encouraged, supported, and established in sense restraint: ‘Reverends, please live with sense doors guarded, mindfully alert and on guard, with protected mind, having a heart protected by mindfulness.’ 
nipakkasatino → nepakkasatino (?) 
Ye te, ānanda, bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ, te vo, ānanda, bhikkhū imesu pañcasu dhammesu samādapetabbā nivesetabbā patiṭṭhāpetabbā”ti. 
Those mendicants who are junior, recently gone forth, newly come to this teaching and training should be encouraged, supported, and established in these five things.” 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu—  It’s when mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

yāni tāni raññaṁ khattiyānaṁ muddhāvasittānaṁ sippaṭṭhānāni hatthismiṁ vā assasmiṁ vā rathasmiṁ vā dhanusmiṁ vā tharusmiṁ vā tattha sikkhito hoti anavayo.  He is trained and skilled in the arts of anointed aristocratic kings, such as elephant riding, horse riding, driving a chariot, archery, and swordsmanship. 
Ahaṁ khomhi yāni tāni raññaṁ khattiyānaṁ muddhāvasittānaṁ sippaṭṭhānāni hatthismiṁ vā assasmiṁ vā rathasmiṁ vā dhanusmiṁ vā tharusmiṁ vā, tattha sikkhito anavayo. 
I’m trained and skilled in the arts of anointed aristocratic kings, such as elephant riding, horse riding, driving a chariot, archery, and swordsmanship. 
tattha → tatthamhi (bj); tatthapi (mr) 
‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti. 
‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu;  It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo yamenaṁ hatthidammasārathi kāraṇaṁ kāreti—  It’s when a royal bull elephant pays attention, applies the mind, concentrates wholeheartedly, and actively listens to whatever task the elephant trainer has it do, 
Idha, bhikkhave, rañño nāgo yamenaṁ hatthidammasārathi disaṁ peseti— 
It’s when a royal bull elephant swiftly goes in whatever direction the elephant trainer sends it, 
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye desiyamāne aṭṭhiṅkatvā manasi katvā sabbaṁ cetasā samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṁ suṇāti. 
It’s when a mendicant pays attention, applies the mind, concentrates wholeheartedly, and actively listens when the teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One is being taught. 
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ cakkhundriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati cakkhundriyaṁ; cakkhundriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati. 
If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving restraint over it. 
Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ manindriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati manindriyaṁ; manindriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati. 
If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving restraint over it. 

tathāgatappaveditassa dhammavinayassa desetā puggalo dullabho lokasmiṁ,  A teacher of the teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One. 
tathāgatappaveditassa dhammavinayassa desitassa viññātā puggalo dullabho lokasmiṁ, 
A person who understands the teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One. 
viññātā → viññātassa (bj, pts1ed) 

Idha, bhante, thero bhikkhu sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu;  It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

“Ye te, bhante, puggalā assaddhā jīvikatthā na saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitā saṭhā māyāvino ketabino uddhatā unnaḷā capalā mukharā vikiṇṇavācā indriyesu aguttadvārā bhojane amattaññuno jāgariyaṁ ananuyuttā sāmaññe anapekkhavanto sikkhāya na tibbagāravā bāhulikā sāthalikā okkamane pubbaṅgamā paviveke nikkhittadhurā kusītā hīnavīriyā muṭṭhassatino asampajānā asamāhitā vibbhantacittā duppaññā eḷamūgā, te mayā evaṁ vuccamānā na padakkhiṇaṁ gaṇhanti.  “Sir, there are those faithless people who went forth from the lay life to homelessness not out of faith but to earn a livelihood. They’re devious, deceitful, and sneaky. They’re restless, insolent, fickle, scurrilous, and loose-tongued. They do not guard their sense doors or eat in moderation, and they are not dedicated to wakefulness. They don’t care about the ascetic life, and don’t keenly respect the training. They’re indulgent and slack, leaders in backsliding, neglecting seclusion, lazy, and lacking energy. They’re unmindful, lacking situational awareness and immersion, with straying minds, witless and idiotic. When I speak to them like this, they don’t respectfully take it up. 
ketabino → keṭubhino (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed) 
Ye pana te, bhante, kulaputtā saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitā asaṭhā amāyāvino aketabino anuddhatā anunnaḷā acapalā amukharā avikiṇṇavācā indriyesu guttadvārā bhojane mattaññuno jāgariyaṁ anuyuttā sāmaññe apekkhavanto sikkhāya tibbagāravā na bāhulikā na sāthalikā okkamane nikkhittadhurā paviveke pubbaṅgamā āraddhavīriyā pahitattā upaṭṭhitassatino sampajānā samāhitā ekaggacittā paññavanto aneḷamūgā, te mayā evaṁ vuccamānā padakkhiṇaṁ gaṇhantī”ti. 
Sir, there are those gentlemen who went forth from the lay life to homelessness out of faith. They’re not devious, deceitful, and sneaky. They’re not restless, insolent, fickle, scurrilous, and loose-tongued. They guard their sense doors and eat in moderation, and they are dedicated to wakefulness. They care about the ascetic life, and keenly respect the training. They’re not indulgent or slack, nor are they leaders in backsliding, neglecting seclusion. They’re energetic and determined. They’re mindful, with situational awareness, immersion, and unified minds; wise and clever. When I speak to them like this, they do respectfully take it up.” 
Evañhi te, sāriputta, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

Yaṁ, gahapati, pāṇātipātī pāṇātipātapaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṁ veraṁ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṁ veraṁ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṁ domanassaṁ paṭisaṁvedeti, pāṇātipātā paṭivirato neva diṭṭhadhammikaṁ bhayaṁ veraṁ pasavati, na samparāyikaṁ bhayaṁ veraṁ pasavati, na cetasikaṁ dukkhaṁ domanassaṁ paṭisaṁvedeti.  Anyone who kills living creatures creates dangers and threats both in the present life and in lives to come, and experiences mental pain and sadness. Anyone who refrains from killing living creatures creates no dangers and threats either in the present life or in lives to come, and doesn’t experience mental pain and sadness. 
Pāṇātipātā paṭiviratassa evaṁ taṁ bhayaṁ veraṁ vūpasantaṁ hoti. 
So that danger and threat is quelled for anyone who refrains from killing living creatures. 
Yaṁ, gahapati, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānapaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṁ veraṁ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṁ veraṁ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṁ domanassaṁ paṭisaṁvedeti, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato neva diṭṭhadhammikaṁ bhayaṁ veraṁ pasavati, na samparāyikaṁ bhayaṁ veraṁ pasavati, na cetasikaṁ dukkhaṁ domanassaṁ paṭisaṁvedeti. 
Anyone who consumes beer, wine, and liquor intoxicants creates dangers and threats both in the present life and in lives to come, and experiences mental pain and sadness. Anyone who refrains from consuming beer, wine, and liquor intoxicants creates no dangers and threats either in the present life or in lives to come, and doesn’t experience mental pain and sadness. 
Surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratassa evaṁ taṁ bhayaṁ veraṁ vūpasantaṁ hotīti. 
So that danger and threat is quelled for anyone who refrains from consuming beer, wine, and liquor intoxicants. 

Tasmātiha, gahapati, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, gahapati, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 
Tasmātiha, gahapati, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ— 
So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, gahapati, sikkhitabban’ti. 
That’s how you should train.’ 

“yaṁ kañci, sāriputta, jāneyyātha gihiṁ odātavasanaṁ pañcasu sikkhāpadesu saṁvutakammantaṁ catunnaṁ ābhicetasikānaṁ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṁ nikāmalābhiṁ akicchalābhiṁ akasiralābhiṁ, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṁ byākareyya:  “You should know this, Sāriputta, about those white-clothed laypeople whose actions are restrained in the five precepts, and who get four blissful meditations in the present life belonging to the higher mind when they want, without trouble or difficulty. They may, if they wish, declare of themselves: 
yaṁ kañci → yaṁ kiñci (bj); yaṅkiñci (sya-all) 
Katamesu pañcasu sikkhāpadesu saṁvutakammanto hoti? 
And what are the five precepts in which their actions are restrained? 
Imesu pañcasu sikkhāpadesu saṁvutakammanto hoti. 
These are the five precepts in which their actions are restrained. 
‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi, satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti. 
‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 
Yaṁ kañci, sāriputta, jāneyyātha gihiṁ odātavasanaṁ—imesu pañcasu sikkhāpadesu saṁvutakammantaṁ, imesañca catunnaṁ ābhicetasikānaṁ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṁ nikāmalābhiṁ akicchalābhiṁ akasiralābhiṁ, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṁ byākareyya: 
You should know this, Sāriputta, about those white-clothed laypeople whose actions are restrained in the five precepts, and who get four blissful meditations in the present life belonging to the higher mind when they want, without trouble or difficulty. They may, if they wish, declare of themselves: 

Tasmātiha, ānanda, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, ānanda, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

Pubbe sudaṁ, bhikkhave, brāhmaṇā na sannidhiṁ karonti dhanassapi dhaññassapi rajatassapi jātarūpassapi.  In the past brahmins did not store up money, grain, silver, or gold. 
Etarahi, bhikkhave, brāhmaṇā sannidhiṁ karonti dhanassapi dhaññassapi rajatassapi jātarūpassapi. 
These days brahmins do store up money, grain, silver, and gold. 
Etarahi, bhikkhave, sunakhā na sannidhiṁ karonti dhanassapi dhaññassapi rajatassapi jātarūpassapi. 
But these days dogs don’t store up money, grain, silver, or gold. 

Tathāgatappaveditassa dhammavinayassa desetā puggalo dullabho lokasmiṁ.  A teacher of the teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One. 
Tathāgatappaveditassa dhammavinayassa desitassa viññātā puggalo dullabho lokasmiṁ. 
A person who understands the teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One. 

cattārome, bhikkhave, vaṇṇā khattiyā brāhmaṇā vessā suddā te tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitvā anuttaraṁ vimuttiṁ sacchikaronti.  This was fulfilled when members of the four classes—aristocrats, brahmins, peasants, and menials—went forth from the lay life to homelessness in the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One and realized supreme freedom. 

Vassasutta  Obstacles to Rain 
Vassasutta → vassantarāyasuttaṁ (bj) 
“Pañcime, bhikkhave, vassassa antarāyā, yaṁ nemittā na jānanti, yattha nemittānaṁ cakkhu na kamati. 
“Mendicants, there are these five obstacles to rain, which the forecasters don’t know, and which their vision does not traverse. 
nemittā → nemittakā (katthaci) 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo vassassa antarāyo, yaṁ nemittā na jānanti, yattha nemittānaṁ cakkhu na kamati. 
This is the first obstacle to rain, which the forecasters don’t know, and which their vision does not traverse. 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, dutiyo vassassa antarāyo, yaṁ nemittā na jānanti, yattha nemittānaṁ cakkhu na kamati. 
This is the second obstacle to rain … 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, tatiyo vassassa antarāyo, yaṁ nemittā na jānanti, yattha nemittānaṁ cakkhu na kamati. 
This is the third obstacle to rain … 
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, vassavalāhakā devā pamattā honti. 
Furthermore, the gods of the rain clouds become negligent. 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, catuttho vassassa antarāyo, yaṁ nemittā na jānanti, yattha nemittānaṁ cakkhu na kamati. 
This is the fourth obstacle to rain … 
Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, pañcamo vassassa antarāyo, yaṁ nemittā na jānanti, yattha nemittānaṁ cakkhu na kamati. 
This is the fifth obstacle to rain, which the forecasters don’t know, and which their vision does not traverse. 
Ime kho, bhikkhave, pañca vassassa antarāyā, yaṁ nemittā na jānanti, yattha nemittānaṁ cakkhu na kamatī”ti. 
These are the five obstacles to rain, which the forecasters don’t know, and which their vision does not traverse.” 

“Idha, kimila, tathāgate parinibbute bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo satthari agāravā viharanti appatissā, dhamme agāravā viharanti appatissā, saṅghe agāravā viharanti appatissā, sikkhāya agāravā viharanti appatissā, aññamaññaṁ agāravā viharanti appatissā.  “Kimbila, it’s when the monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen lack respect and reverence for the Teacher, the teaching, the Saṅgha, the training, and each other after the final quenching of the Realized One. 
“Idha, kimila, tathāgate parinibbute bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo satthari sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, dhamme sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, saṅghe sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, sikkhāya sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, aññamaññaṁ sagāravā viharanti sappatissā. 
“Kimbila, it’s when the monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen maintain respect and reverence for the Teacher, the teaching, the Saṅgha, the training, and each other after the final quenching of the Realized One. 

sikkhāya kaṅkhati …pe…  the training … 

otiṇṇacittassetaṁ pāṭikaṅkhaṁ: ‘anabhirato vā brahmacariyaṁ carissati aññataraṁ vā saṅkiliṭṭhaṁ āpattiṁ āpajjissati sikkhaṁ vā paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattissati’.  When your mind is swamped by lust, you can expect that you will lead the spiritual life dissatisfied, or commit one of the corrupt offenses, or resign the training and return to a lesser life. 

Sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu;  They’re ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

Sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu;  They’re ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

Sīlavā hoti …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu;  They’re ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and seeking alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken. 

28. Sikkhāpadapeyyāla  28. Abbreviated Texts on Training Rules 

28. Sikkhāpadapeyyāla  28. Abbreviated Texts on Training Rules 
“Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgatā bhikkhunī …pe… sikkhamānā … sāmaṇero … sāmaṇerī … upāsako … upāsikā yathābhataṁ nikkhittā evaṁ niraye. 
“A nun … trainee nun … novice monk … novice nun … layman … laywoman … with five qualities is cast down to hell. 
Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgatā upāsikā yathābhataṁ nikkhittā evaṁ sagge. 
A nun … trainee nun … novice monk … novice nun … layman … laywoman … with five qualities is raised up to heaven. 

28. Sikkhāpadapeyyāla  28. Abbreviated Texts on Training Rules 

28. Sikkhāpadapeyyāla  28. Abbreviated Texts on Training Rules 

Dassanānuttariyaṁ, savanānuttariyaṁ, lābhānuttariyaṁ, sikkhānuttariyaṁ, pāricariyānuttariyaṁ, anussatānuttariyaṁ.  The unsurpassable seeing, listening, acquisition, training, service, and recollection. 

‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti.  ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 

‘na nakulamātā gahapatānī imasmiṁ dhammavinaye ogādhappattā patigādhappattā assāsappattā tiṇṇavicikicchā vigatakathaṅkathā vesārajjappattā aparappaccayā satthusāsane viharatī’ti.  ‘The housewife Nakula’s mother has not gained a basis, a firm basis, and solace in this teaching and training. She has not gone beyond doubt, got rid of indecision, and gained assurance. And she’s not independent of others in the Teacher’s instructions.’ 
Yāvatā kho, gahapati, tassa bhagavato sāvikā gihī odātavasanā imasmiṁ dhammavinaye ogādhappattā patigādhappattā assāsappattā tiṇṇavicikicchā vigatakathaṅkathā vesārajjappattā aparappaccayā satthusāsane viharanti, ahaṁ tāsaṁ aññatarā. 
I am one of those white-robed disciples of the Buddha who has gained a basis, a firm basis, and solace in this teaching and training. I have gone beyond doubt, got rid of indecision, and gained assurance. And I am independent of others in the Teacher’s instructions. 
Yāvatā kho, gahapati, mama sāvikā gihī odātavasanā imasmiṁ dhammavinaye ogādhappattā patigādhappattā assāsappattā tiṇṇavicikicchā vigatakathaṅkathā vesārajjappattā aparappaccayā satthusāsane viharanti, nakulamātā gahapatānī tāsaṁ aññatarā. 
She is one of those white-robed disciples of the Buddha who has gained a basis, a firm basis, and solace in this teaching and training. She has gone beyond doubt, got rid of indecision, and gained assurance. And she is independent of others in the Teacher’s instructions. 

Ye pana tattha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ te yāva sūriyuggamanā kākacchamānā supiṁsu.  But those mendicants who were junior, recently gone forth, newly come to this teaching and training slept until the sun came up, snoring. 
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti. 
That’s how you should train.” 

‘natthi me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīnā, ye me assu rattiṁ kālaṁ karontassa antarāyāyā’ti, tena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā teneva pītipāmojjena vihātabbaṁ ahorattānusikkhinā kusalesu dhammesu.  there are no such bad, unskillful qualities. Then that mendicant should meditate with rapture and joy, training day and night in skillful qualities. 
‘natthi me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīnā, ye me assu divā kālaṁ karontassa antarāyāyā’ti, tena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā teneva pītipāmojjena vihātabbaṁ ahorattānusikkhinā kusalesu dhammesu. 
there are no such bad, unskillful qualities. Then that mendicant should meditate with rapture and joy, training day and night in skillful qualities. 

‘itipi so bhagavā …pe… satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti.  ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 

‘itipi so bhagavā …pe… satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti.  ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 

Dassanānuttariyaṁ, savanānuttariyaṁ, lābhānuttariyaṁ, sikkhānuttariyaṁ, pāricariyānuttariyaṁ, anussatānuttariyanti.  The unsurpassable seeing, listening, acquisition, training, service, and recollection. 
Sikkhānuttariyañca kathaṁ hoti? 
But what of the unsurpassable training? 
Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco hatthismimpi sikkhati, assasmimpi sikkhati, rathasmimpi sikkhati, dhanusmimpi sikkhati, tharusmimpi sikkhati, uccāvacaṁ vā pana sikkhati, samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā micchādiṭṭhikassa micchāpaṭipannassa sikkhati. 
Some people train in elephant riding, horse riding, chariot driving, archery, swordsmanship, or a diverse spectrum of things; or they train under an ascetic or brahmin of wrong view and wrong practice. 
micchāpaṭipannassa → micchāpaṭipattiṁ (mr) 
Atthesā, bhikkhave, sikkhā; nesā natthīti vadāmi. 
There is such a training, I don’t deny it. 
Sā ca kho esā, bhikkhave, sikkhā hīnā gammā pothujjanikā anariyā anatthasaṁhitā, na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṁvattati. 
That training … doesn’t lead to extinguishment. 
Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye adhisīlampi sikkhati, adhicittampi sikkhati, adhipaññampi sikkhati niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo ekantagato abhippasanno, etadānuttariyaṁ, bhikkhave, sikkhānaṁ sattānaṁ visuddhiyā sokaparidevānaṁ samatikkamāya dukkhadomanassānaṁ atthaṅgamāya ñāyassa adhigamāya nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya, yadidaṁ tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye adhisīlampi sikkhati, adhicittampi sikkhati, adhipaññampi sikkhati, niviṭṭhasaddho niviṭṭhapemo ekantagato abhippasanno. 
The unsurpassable training is when someone with settled faith and love, sure and devoted, trains in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom in the teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One. … 
Idaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, sikkhānuttariyaṁ. 
This is called the unsurpassable training. 
Iti dassanānuttariyaṁ, savanānuttariyaṁ, lābhānuttariyaṁ, sikkhānuttariyaṁ. 
Such is the unsurpassable seeing, hearing, acquisition, and training. 
Iti dassanānuttariyaṁ, savanānuttariyaṁ, lābhānuttariyaṁ, sikkhānuttariyaṁ, pāricariyānuttariyaṁ. 
Such is the unsurpassable seeing, listening, acquisition, training, and service. 
sikkhānuttariye ratā. 
They enjoy the unsurpassable training 
sikkhānuttariye ratā → anuttariyaṁ tathā (mr) 
nipakā sīlasaṁvutā; 
alert and ethically restrained. 

Sekhasutta  A Trainee 
“Chayime, bhikkhave, dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṁvattanti. 
“These six things lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
ime kho, bhikkhave, cha dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno parihānāya saṁvattanti. 
These six things lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
Chayime, bhikkhave, dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṁvattanti. 
These six things don’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee. 
ime kho, bhikkhave, cha dhammā sekhassa bhikkhuno aparihānāya saṁvattantī”ti. 
These six things don’t lead to the decline of a mendicant trainee.” 

Satthugāravatā, dhammagāravatā, saṅghagāravatā, sikkhāgāravatā, appamādagāravatā, paṭisanthāragāravatā—  Respect for the Teacher, for the teaching, for the Saṅgha, for the training, for diligence, and for hospitality. 
paṭisanthāragāravatā → paṭisandhāragāravatā (mr) 

Satthugāravatā, dhammagāravatā, saṅghagāravatā, sikkhāgāravatā, hirigāravatā, ottappagāravatā—  Respect for the Teacher, for the teaching, for the Saṅgha, for the training, for conscience, and for prudence. 

Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kodhano hoti upanāhī so sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghepi agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī hoti.  Such a mendicant lacks respect and reverence for the Teacher, the teaching, and the Saṅgha, and they don’t fulfill the training. 
Yo so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī, so sattharipi agāravo viharati appatisso, dhammepi agāravo viharati appatisso, saṅghepi agāravo viharati appatisso, sikkhāyapi na paripūrakārī hoti. 
Such a mendicant lacks respect and reverence for the Teacher, the teaching, and the Saṅgha, and they don’t fulfill the training. 

“Idha, kimila, tathāgate parinibbute bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo satthari agāravā viharanti appatissā, dhamme agāravā viharanti appatissā, saṅghe agāravā viharanti appatissā, sikkhāya agāravā viharanti appatissā, appamāde agāravā viharanti appatissā, paṭisanthāre agāravā viharanti appatissā.  “Kimbila, it’s when the monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen lack respect and reverence for the Teacher, the teaching, the Saṅgha, the training, diligence, and hospitality after the final quenching of the Realized One. 
paṭisanthāre → paṭisandhāre (mr) 
“Idha, kimila, tathāgate parinibbute bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo satthari sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, dhamme sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, saṅghe sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, sikkhāya sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, appamāde sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, paṭisanthāre sagāravā viharanti sappatissā. 
“Kimbila, it’s when the monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen maintain respect and reverence for the Teacher, the teaching, the Saṅgha, the training, diligence, and hospitality after the final quenching of the Realized One. 

‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno …pe… buddho bhagavā’ti.  ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ 
Seyyathāpi, bhante, thullaphusitake deve vassante yathāninnaṁ udakāni pavattanti; 
It’s like when the heavens rain heavily and the water flows downhill. 

Sabbattha saṁvuto nāgo,  The giant is restrained everywhere: 

ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, ariyassa vinaye daliddo assako anāḷhiko.  is called poor and penniless in the training of the Noble One. 
Tatheva ariyavinaye, 
In the same way, in the noble one’s training 
Tatheva ariyavinaye, 
In the same way, in the noble one’s training, 
paññavā sīlasaṁvuto. 
wise, and ethically restrained, 
‘sukhajīvī’ti vuccati; 
in the noble one’s training. 

Tasmātihāvuso, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, āvuso, sikkhitabbaṁ. 
That’s how you should train. 
Tasmātihāvuso, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: 
So you should train like this: 
Evañhi vo, āvuso, sikkhitabbaṁ. 
That’s how you should train. 

Indriyasaṁvarasutta  Sense Restraint 
“Indriyasaṁvare, bhikkhave, asati indriyasaṁvaravipannassa hatūpanisaṁ hoti sīlaṁ; 
“Mendicants, when there is no sense restraint, one who lacks sense restraint has destroyed a vital condition for ethical conduct. 
Evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, indriyasaṁvare asati indriyasaṁvaravipannassa hatūpanisaṁ hoti sīlaṁ …pe… 
In the same way, when there is no sense restraint, one who lacks sense restraint has destroyed a vital condition for ethical conduct. … 
Indriyasaṁvare, bhikkhave, sati indriyasaṁvarasampannassa upanisasampannaṁ hoti sīlaṁ; 
When there is sense restraint, one who has fulfilled sense restraint has fulfilled a vital condition for ethical conduct. 
Evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, indriyasaṁvare sati indriyasaṁvarasampannassa upanisasampannaṁ hoti sīlaṁ …pe… 
In the same way, when there is sense restraint, one who has fulfilled sense restraint has fulfilled a vital condition for ethical conduct. … 

Yasmiṁ āvāse therā bhikkhū viharanti bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā tasmiṁ āvāse vassaṁ upeti.  They enter the rains retreat in a monastery with senior mendicants who are very learned, inheritors of the heritage, who have memorized the teachings, the monastic law, and the outlines. 

Tasmātiha, brāhmaṇa dhammika, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  So you should train like this: 
Evañhi te, brāhmaṇa dhammika, sikkhitabbanti. 
That is how you should train. 

Yannūnāhaṁ sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattitvā bhoge ca bhuñjeyyaṁ puññāni ca kareyyan”ti.  Why don’t I resign the training and return to a lesser life, so I can enjoy my wealth and make merit?” 
Yannūnāhaṁ sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattitvā bhoge ca bhuñjeyyaṁ puññāni ca kareyyan’”ti? 
Why don’t I resign the training and return to a lesser life, so I can enjoy my wealth and make merit?’” 

Idhānanda, ekacco ucce kule paccājāto hoti—khattiyamahāsālakule vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakule vā gahapatimahāsālakule vā, aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe.  It’s when some person is reborn in an eminent family—a well-to-do family of aristocrats, brahmins, or householders—rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, and lots of money and grain. 

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ye āsavā saṁvarā pahātabbā te saṁvarena pahīnā honti,  It’s a mendicant who, by restraint, has given up the defilements that should be given up by restraint. 
Katame ca, bhikkhave, āsavā saṁvarā pahātabbā ye saṁvarena pahīnā honti? 
And what are the defilements that should be given up by restraint? 
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu paṭisaṅkhā yoniso cakkhundriyasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati. 
Take a mendicant who, reflecting rationally, lives restraining the eye faculty. 
Yaṁ hissa, bhikkhave, cakkhundriyasaṁvaraṁ asaṁvutassa viharato uppajjeyyuṁ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, cakkhundriyasaṁvaraṁ saṁvutassa viharato evaṁsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti. 
For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without restraint of the eye faculty do not arise when there is such restraint. 
Paṭisaṅkhā yoniso sotindriya …pe… 
Reflecting rationally, they live restraining the ear faculty … 
Yaṁ hissa, bhikkhave, manindriyasaṁvaraṁ asaṁvutassa viharato uppajjeyyuṁ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, manindriyasaṁvaraṁ saṁvutassa viharato evaṁsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti. 
For the distressing and feverish defilements that might arise in someone who lives without restraint of the mind faculty do not arise when there is such restraint. 
Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, āsavā saṁvarā pahātabbā ye saṁvarena pahīnā honti. 
These are called the defilements that should be given up by restraint. 

Āraññiko cepi, gahapati, bhikkhu hoti anuddhato anunnaḷo acapalo amukharo avikiṇṇavāco upaṭṭhitassati sampajāno samāhito ekaggacitto saṁvutindriyo.  If a mendicant living in the wilderness is not restless, insolent, fickle, scurrilous, or loose-tongued, but has established mindfulness, situational awareness and immersion, with unified mind and restrained faculties, 
Gahapaticīvaradharo cepi, gahapati, bhikkhu hoti anuddhato anunnaḷo acapalo amukharo avikiṇṇavāco upaṭṭhitassati sampajāno samāhito ekaggacitto saṁvutindriyo. 
If a mendicant who wears robes offered by householders is not restless, insolent, fickle, scurrilous, or loose-tongued, but has established mindfulness, situational awareness and immersion, with unified mind and restrained faculties, 

So rāgānuddhaṁsitena cittena sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati.  They resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
So rāgānuddhaṁsitena cittena sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
They resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
They resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
Seyyathāpi, āvuso, cātumahāpathe thullaphusitako devo vassanto rajaṁ antaradhāpeyya, cikkhallaṁ pātukareyya. 
Suppose the heavens were raining heavily at the crossroads so that the dust vanished and mud appeared. 
thullaphusitako devo vassanto → thullaphusitake deve vassante (mr) 
sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
They resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
They resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
Tattha thullaphusitako devo vuṭṭho sippisambukampi sakkharakaṭhalampi antaradhāpeyya. 
After the heavens have rained heavily there, the clams and mussels, and pebbles and gravel would vanish. 
sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
They resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
They resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
They resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
They resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
They resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
So rāgānuddhaṁsitena cittena sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
They resign the training and return to a lesser life. 
So rāgānuddhaṁsitena cittena sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattatī”ti. 
They resign the training and return to a lesser life.” 
Atha kho āyasmā citto hatthisāriputto aparena samayena sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. 
Then after some time Venerable Citta Hatthisāriputta resigned the training and returned to a lesser life. 
‘imāsañca imāsañca vihārasamāpattīnaṁ citto hatthisāriputto lābhī, atha ca pana sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattissatī’ti; 
he had gained such and such meditative attainments, yet he would still resign the training and return to a lesser life? 
“citto, bhante, hatthisāriputto imāsañca imāsañca vihārasamāpattīnaṁ lābhī, atha ca pana sikkhaṁ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattatī”ti. 
“Sir, Citta Hatthisāriputta, who had gained such and such meditative attainments, has still resigned the training and returned to a lesser life.” 

Api ca kho, bhikkhave, nete kāmā kāmaguṇā nāmete ariyassa vinaye vuccanti—  However, these are not sensual pleasures. In the training of the Noble One they’re called ‘kinds of sensual stimulation’. 
ca kho, bhikkhave, nete kāmā kāmaguṇā nāmete → te kāmaguṇā nāma nete kāmā (mr) 

‘Ābhisamācārikaṁ dhammaṁ aparipūretvā sekhaṁ dhammaṁ paripūressatī’ti netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati.  Without fulfilling the practice dealing with supplementary regulations, it’s impossible to fulfill the practice of a trainee. 
‘Sekhaṁ dhammaṁ aparipūretvā sīlāni paripūressatī’ti netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjati. 
Without fulfilling the practice of a trainee, it’s impossible to fulfill ethics. 
‘Ābhisamācārikaṁ dhammaṁ paripūretvā sekhaṁ dhammaṁ paripūressatī’ti ṭhānametaṁ vijjati. 
Having fulfilled the practice dealing with supplementary regulations, it’s possible to fulfill the practice of a trainee. 
‘Sekhaṁ dhammaṁ paripūretvā sīlāni paripūressatī’ti ṭhānametaṁ vijjati. 
Having fulfilled the practice of a trainee, it’s possible to fulfill ethics. 

Satthugāravatā, dhammagāravatā, saṅghagāravatā, sikkhāgāravatā, sovacassatā, kalyāṇamittatā—  Respect for the Teacher, for the teaching, for the Saṅgha, for the training; being easy to admonish, and good friendship. 
Satthugāravatā, dhammagāravatā, saṅghagāravatā, sikkhāgāravatā, sovacassatā, kalyāṇamittatā— 
Respect for the Teacher, for the teaching, for the Saṅgha, for the training; being easy to admonish, and good friendship. 
sikkhāgāravo hoti … 
They personally respect the training … 
sikkhāgāravo hoti … 
They personally respect the training … 

Abhabbo diṭṭhisampanno puggalo satthari agāravo viharituṁ appatisso, abhabbo diṭṭhisampanno puggalo dhamme agāravo viharituṁ appatisso, abhabbo diṭṭhisampanno puggalo saṅghe agāravo viharituṁ appatisso, abhabbo diṭṭhisampanno puggalo sikkhāya agāravo viharituṁ appatisso, abhabbo diṭṭhisampanno puggalo anāgamanīyaṁ vatthuṁ paccāgantuṁ, abhabbo diṭṭhisampanno puggalo aṭṭhamaṁ bhavaṁ nibbattetuṁ.  A person accomplished in view can’t live disrespectful and irreverent toward the Teacher, the teaching, the Saṅgha, or the training. They can’t establish their belief on unreliable grounds. And they can’t generate an eighth rebirth. 

Tathāgatassa arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvo dullabho lokasmiṁ, tathāgatappaveditassa dhammavinayassa desetā puggalo dullabho lokasmiṁ, ariyāyatane paccājāti dullabhā lokasmiṁ, indriyānaṁ avekallatā dullabhā lokasmiṁ, ajaḷatā aneḷamūgatā dullabhā lokasmiṁ, kusale dhamme chando dullabho lokasmiṁ.  A Realized One, a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha. A teacher of the teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One. Rebirth in a civilized region. Unimpaired sense faculties. Being bright and clever. Enthusiasm for skillful qualities. 
paccājāti dullabhā → paccājāto dullabho (sya-all) | kusale dhamme chando → kusaladhammacchando (bj, sya-all, pts1ed) 

“Tayome, bhikkhave, bhavā pahātabbā, tīsu sikkhāsu sikkhitabbaṁ.  “Mendicants, you should give up these three states of existence. And you should train in three trainings. 
Katamāsu tīsu sikkhāsu sikkhitabbaṁ? 
What are the three trainings you should train in? 
Adhisīlasikkhāya, adhicittasikkhāya, adhipaññāsikkhāya— 
The training in the higher ethics, the higher mind, and the higher wisdom. 
imāsu tīsu sikkhāsu sikkhitabbaṁ. 
These are the three trainings you should train in. 
Yato kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ime tayo bhavā pahīnā honti, imāsu ca tīsu sikkhāsu sikkhitasikkho hoti— 
When a mendicant has given up these three states of existence and has trained in these three trainings 

Uddhaccaṁ, asaṁvaro, pamādo.  Restlessness, lack of restraint, and negligence. 
Uddhaccassa pahānāya samatho bhāvetabbo, asaṁvarassa pahānāya saṁvaro bhāvetabbo, pamādassa pahānāya appamādo bhāvetabbo. 
You should develop serenity to give up restlessness, restraint to give up lack of restraint, and diligence to give up negligence. 

Dassanānuttariyaṁ, savanānuttariyaṁ, lābhānuttariyaṁ, sikkhānuttariyaṁ, pāricariyānuttariyaṁ, anussatānuttariyaṁ.  The unsurpassable seeing, listening, acquisition, training, service, and recollection. 

‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho …pe… satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’ti.  ‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’