1"Bhikkhus, in dependence on the wrong course there is failure, not success. And how is it that in dependence on the wrong course there is failure, not success?

(1) "For one of wrong view, (2) wrong intention originates. For one of wrong intention, (3) wrong speech originates. For one of wrong speech, (4) wrong action originates. For one of wrong action, (5) wrong livelihood originates. For one of wrong livelihood, (6) wrong effort originates. For one of wrong effort, (7) wrong mindfulness originates. For one of wrong mindfulness, (8) wrong concentration originates. For one of wrong concentration, (9) wrong knowledge originates. For one of wrong knowledge, (10) wrong liberation originates. [n.2140] Ps I 188,32 –189,4, commenting on MN I 42,28, explains wrong knowledge (micchāñāṇa) as the delusion (moha) that arises when someone, having done a bad deed or pondered a bad thought, reflects on it and thinks, "I have done good." Wrong liberation (micchāvimutti) arises when someone who is not liberated thinks "I’m liberated," or it is the belief that what is not liberation is true liberation. In this way, in dependence on the wrong course, there is failure, not success.

2"In dependence on the right course, there is success, not failure. And how is it that in dependence on the right course, there is success, not failure?

(1) "For one of right view, (2) right intention originates. For one of right intention, (3) right speech originates. For one of right speech, (4) right action originates. For one of right action, (5) right livelihood originates. For one of right livelihood, (6) right effort originates. For one of right effort, (7) right mindfulness originates. For one of right mindfulness, (8) right concentration originates. For one of right concentration, (9) right knowledge originates. For one of right knowledge, (10) right liberation originates. [n.2141] At Ps I 188,35 –189,9 right knowledge (sammāñāṇa) is explained to be the nineteen kinds of reviewing knowledge (see Vism 676,4–29, Ppn 22.20–21) and right liberation (sammāvimutti) to be the mental factors concomitant with fruition. I find it simpler to interpret "right knowledge" as the direct knowledge that culminates in arahantship and "right liberation" as the release of the mind from the āsavas and other defilements. In this way, in dependence on the right course, there is success, not failure."

1"Micchattaṁ, bhikkhave, āgamma virādhanā hoti, no ārādhanā. Kathañca, bhikkhave, micchattaṁ āgamma virādhanā hoti, no ārādhanā?

Micchādiṭṭhikassa, bhikkhave, micchāsaṅkappo pahoti, micchāsaṅkappassa micchāvācā pahoti, micchāvācassa micchākammanto pahoti, micchākammantassa micchāājīvo pahoti, micchāājīvassa micchāvāyāmo pahoti, micchāvāyāmassa micchāsati pahoti, micchāsatissa micchāsamādhi pahoti, micchāsamādhissa micchāñāṇaṁ pahoti, micchāñāṇissa micchāvimutti pahoti. Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, micchattaṁ āgamma virādhanā hoti, no ārādhanā.

2Sammattaṁ, bhikkhave, āgamma ārādhanā hoti, no virādhanā. Kathañca, bhikkhave, sammattaṁ āgamma ārādhanā hoti, no virādhanā?

Sammādiṭṭhikassa, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo pahoti, sammāsaṅkappassa sammāvācā pahoti, sammāvācassa sammākammanto pahoti, sammākammantassa sammāājīvo pahoti, sammāājīvassa sammāvāyāmo pahoti, sammāvāyāmassa sammāsati pahoti, sammāsatissa sammāsamādhi pahoti, sammāsamādhissa sammāñāṇaṁ pahoti, sammāñāṇissa sammāvimutti pahoti. Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, sammattaṁ āgamma ārādhanā hoti, no virādhanā"ti.

Tatiyaṁ.