1On one occasion the Blessed One was dwelling at Sāvatthī in Jeta's Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika's Park. Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika approached the Blessed One, paid homage to him, and sat down to one side. The Blessed One then said to him:

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2"Householder, there are these ten kinds of persons who enjoy sensual pleasures found existing in the world. What ten? [n.2121] The three variables of the pattern to be elaborated are: (i) how wealth is acquired, whether unrighteously, righteously, or both; (ii) whether or not it is used for one's own benefit; and (iii) whether or not it is used to benefit others. Those who rank positively on all three will be further divided into those who are attached to their wealth and those who are unattached to it.
I. Exposition
A. Those Who Seek Wealth Unrighteously

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(1) "Here, householder, someone who enjoys sensual pleasures seeks wealth unrighteously, by violence. Having done so, he does not make himself happy and pleased, nor does he share the wealth and do meritorious deeds.

3(2) "Someone else who enjoys sensual pleasures seeks wealth unrighteously, by violence. Having done so, he makes himself happy and pleased, but he does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds.

4(3) "And still someone else who enjoys sensual pleasures seeks wealth unrighteously, by violence. Having done so, he makes himself happy and pleased, and he shares the wealth and does meritorious deeds.
B. Those Who Seek Wealth Both Righteously and Unrighteously

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5(4) "Next, householder, someone who enjoys sensual pleasures seeks wealth both righteously and unrighteously, both by violence and without violence. Having done so, he does not make himself happy and pleased, nor does he share the wealth and do meritorious deeds.

6(5) "Someone else who enjoys sensual pleasures seeks wealth both righteously and unrighteously, both by violence and without violence. Having done so, he makes himself happy and pleased, but he does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds.

7(6) "And still someone else who enjoys sensual pleasures seeks wealth both righteously and unrighteously, both by violence and without violence. Having done so, he makes himself happy and pleased, and he shares the wealth and does meritorious deeds.
C. Those Who Seek Wealth Righteously

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8(7) "Next, householder, someone who enjoys sensual pleasures seeks wealth righteously, without violence. Having done so, he does not make himself happy and pleased, nor does he share the wealth and do meritorious deeds.

9(8) "Someone else who enjoys sensual pleasures seeks wealth righteously, without violence. Having done so, he makes himself happy and pleased, but he does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds.

10(9) "And still someone else who enjoys sensual pleasures seeks wealth righteously, without violence. Having done so, he makes himself happy and pleased, and he shares the wealth and does meritorious deeds. But he uses his wealth while being tied to it, infatuated with it, and blindly absorbed in it, not seeing the danger in it and understanding the escape.

11(10) "And still someone else who enjoys sensual pleasures seeks wealth righteously, without violence. Having done so, he makes himself happy and pleased, and he shares the wealth and does meritorious deeds. And he uses his wealth without being tied to it, infatuated with it, and blindly absorbed in it, seeing the danger in it and understanding the escape.
II. Evaluation
A. Those Who Seek Wealth Unrighteously

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12(1) "The one enjoying sensual pleasures who seeks wealth unrighteously, by violence, and does not make himself happy and pleased, and does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds, may be criticized on three grounds. The first ground on which he may be criticized is that he seeks wealth unrighteously, by violence. The second ground on which he may be criticized is that he does not make himself happy and pleased. The third ground on which he may be criticized is that he does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds. This one enjoying sensual pleasures may be criticized on these three grounds.

13(2) "The one enjoying sensual pleasures who seeks wealth unrighteously, by violence, and makes himself happy and pleased, but does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds, may be criticized on two grounds and praised on one ground. The first ground on which he may be criticized is that he seeks wealth unrighteously, by violence. The one ground on which he may be praised is that he makes himself happy and pleased. The second ground on which he may be criticized is that he does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds. This one enjoying sensual pleasures may be criticized on these two grounds and praised on this one ground.

14(3) "The one enjoying sensual pleasures who seeks wealth unrighteously, by violence, and makes himself happy and pleased, and shares the wealth and does meritorious deeds, may be criticized on one ground and praised on two grounds. The one ground on which he may be criticized is that he seeks wealth unrighteously, by violence. The first ground on which he may be praised is that he makes himself happy and pleased. The second ground on which he may be praised is that he shares the wealth and does meritorious deeds. This one enjoying sensual pleasures may be criticized on this one ground and praised on these two grounds.
B. Those Who Seek Wealth Righteously and Unrighteously

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15(4) "Next, householder, the one enjoying sensual pleasures who seeks wealth both righteously and unrighteously, both by violence and without violence, and does not make himself happy and pleased, and does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds, may be praised on one ground and criticized on three grounds. The one ground on which he may be praised is that he seeks wealth righteously, without violence. The first ground on which he may be criticized is that he seeks wealth unrighteously, by violence. The second ground on which he may be criticized is that he does not make himself happy and pleased. The third ground on which he may be criticized is that he does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds. This one enjoying sensual pleasures may be praised on this one ground and criticized on these three grounds.

16(5) "The one enjoying sensual pleasures who seeks wealth both righteously and unrighteously, both by violence and without violence, and makes himself happy and pleased, but does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds, may be praised on two grounds and criticized on two grounds. The first ground on which he may be praised is that he seeks wealth righteously, without violence. The first ground on which he may be criticized is that he seeks wealth unrighteously, by violence. The second ground on which he may be praised is that he makes himself happy and pleased. The second ground on which he may be criticized is that he does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds. This one enjoying sensual pleasures may be praised on these two grounds and criticized on these two grounds.

17(6) "The one enjoying sensual pleasures who seeks wealth both righteously and unrighteously, both by violence and without violence, and makes himself happy and pleased, and shares the wealth and does meritorious deeds, may be praised on three grounds and criticized on one ground. The first ground on which he may be praised is that he seeks wealth righteously, without violence. The one ground on which he may be criticized is that he seeks wealth unrighteously, by violence. The second ground on which he may be praised is that he makes himself happy and pleased. The third ground on which he may be praised is that he shares the wealth and does meritorious deeds. This one enjoying sensual pleasures may be praised on these three grounds and criticized on this one ground.
C. Those Who Seek Wealth Righteously

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18(7)"Next, householder, the one enjoying sensual pleasure swho seeks wealth righteously, without violence, and does not make himself happy and pleased, and does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds, may be praised on one ground and criticized on two grounds. The one ground on which he may be praised is that he seeks wealth righteously, without violence. The first ground on which he may be criticized is that he does not make himself happy and pleased. The second ground on which he may be criticized is that he does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds. This one enjoying sensual pleasures may be praised on this one ground and criticized on these two grounds.

19(8) "The one enjoying sensual pleasures who seeks wealth righteously, without violence, and makes himself happy and pleased, but does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds, may be praised on two grounds and criticized on one ground. The first ground on which he may be praised is that he seeks wealth righteously, without violence. The second ground on which he may be praised is that he makes himself happy and pleased. The one ground on which he may be criticized is that he does not share the wealth and do meritorious deeds. This one enjoying sensual pleasures may be praised on these two grounds and criticized on this one ground.

20(9) "The one enjoying sensual pleasures who seeks wealth righteously, without violence, and makes himself happy and pleased, and shares it and does meritorious deeds, but uses that wealth while being tied to it, infatuated with it, and blindly absorbed in it, not seeing the danger in it and understanding the escape—he may be praised on three grounds and criticized on one ground. The first ground on which he may be praised is that he seeks wealth righteously, without violence. The second ground on which he may be praised is that he makes himself happy and pleased. The third ground on which he may be praised is that he shares the wealth and does meritorious deeds. The one ground on which he may be criticized is that he uses that wealth while being tied to it, infatuated with it, and blindly absorbed in it, not seeing the danger in it and understanding the escape. This one enjoying sensual pleasures may be praised on these three grounds and criticized on this one ground.

21(10) "The one enjoying sensual pleasures who seeks wealth righteously, without violence, and makes himself happy and pleased, and shares it and does meritorious deeds, and uses that wealth without being tied to it, infatuated with it, and blindly absorbed in it, seeing the danger in it and understanding the escape—he may be praised on four grounds. The first ground on which he may be praised is that he seeks wealth righteously, without violence. The second ground on which he may be praised is that he makes himself happy and pleased. The third ground on which he may be praised is that he shares the wealth and does meritorious deeds. The fourth ground on which he may be praised is that he uses that wealth without being tied to it, infatuated with it, and blindly absorbed in it, seeing the danger in it and understanding the escape. This one enjoying sensual pleasures may be praised on these four grounds.
Conclusion

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22"These, householder, are the ten kinds of persons who enjoy sensual pleasures found existing in the world. Of these ten, the foremost, the best, the preeminent, the supreme, and the finest is the one enjoying sensual pleasures who seeks wealth righteously, without violence, and having obtained it, makes himself happy and pleased; and shares the wealth and does meritorious deeds; and uses that wealth without being tied to it, infatuated with it, and blindly absorbed in it, seeing the danger in it and understanding the escape.

23Just as from a cow comes milk, from milk curd, from curd butter, from butter ghee, and from ghee comes cream-of-ghee, which is reckoned the foremost of all these, so too, of these ten kinds of persons who enjoy sensual pleasures, the foremost, the best, the preeminent, the supreme, and the finest is the one who seeks wealth righteously, without violence, and having obtained it, makes himself happy and pleased; and shares the wealth and does meritorious deeds; and uses that wealth without being tied to it, infatuated with it, and blindly absorbed in it, seeing the danger in it and understanding the escape."

1Ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:

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2"Dasayime, gahapati, kāmabhogī santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmiṁ. Katame dasa?

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Idha, gahapati, ekacco kāmabhogī adhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasena; adhammena bhoge pariyesitvā sāhasena na attānaṁ sukheti na pīṇeti na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karoti. (1)

3Idha pana, gahapati, ekacco kāmabhogī adhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasena; adhammena bhoge pariyesitvā sāhasena attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti, na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karoti. (2)

4Idha pana, gahapati, ekacco kāmabhogī adhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasena; adhammena bhoge pariyesitvā sāhasena attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti saṁvibhajati puññāni karoti. (3)

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5Idha pana, gahapati, ekacco kāmabhogī dhammādhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasenapi asāhasenapi; dhammādhammena bhoge pariyesitvā sāhasenapi asāhasenapi na attānaṁ sukheti na pīṇeti na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karoti. (4)

6Idha pana, gahapati, ekacco kāmabhogī dhammādhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasenapi asāhasenapi; dhammādhammena bhoge pariyesitvā sāhasenapi asāhasenapi attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti, na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karoti. (5)

7Idha pana, gahapati, ekacco kāmabhogī dhammādhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasenapi asāhasenapi; dhammādhammena bhoge pariyesitvā sāhasenapi asāhasenapi attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti saṁvibhajati puññāni karoti. (6)

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8Idha pana, gahapati, ekacco kāmabhogī dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasena; dhammena bhoge pariyesitvā asāhasena na attānaṁ sukheti na pīṇeti na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karoti. (7)

9Idha pana, gahapati, ekacco kāmabhogī dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasena; dhammena bhoge pariyesitvā asāhasena attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti, na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karoti. (8)

10Idha pana, gahapati, ekacco kāmabhogī dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasena; dhammena bhoge pariyesitvā asāhasena attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti saṁvibhajati puññāni karoti. Te ca bhoge gathito mucchito ajjhosanno anādīnavadassāvī anissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati. (9)

11Idha pana, gahapati, ekacco kāmabhogī dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasena; dhammena bhoge pariyesitvā asāhasena attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti saṁvibhajati puññāni karoti. Te ca bhoge agathito amucchito anajjhosanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati. (10)

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12Tatra, gahapati, yvāyaṁ kāmabhogī adhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasena, adhammena bhoge pariyesitvā sāhasena na attānaṁ sukheti na pīṇeti na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karoti, ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī tīhi ṭhānehi gārayho. ‘Adhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasenā’ti, iminā paṭhamena ṭhānena gārayho. ‘Na attānaṁ sukheti na pīṇetī’ti, iminā dutiyena ṭhānena gārayho. ‘Na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karotī’ti, iminā tatiyena ṭhānena gārayho. Ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī imehi tīhi ṭhānehi gārayho. (1)

13Tatra, gahapati, yvāyaṁ kāmabhogī adhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasena, adhammena bhoge pariyesitvā sāhasena attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karoti, ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī dvīhi ṭhānehi gārayho ekena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Adhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasenā’ti, iminā paṭhamena ṭhānena gārayho. ‘Attānaṁ sukheti pīṇetī’ti, iminā ekena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karotī’ti iminā dutiyena ṭhānena gārayho. Ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī imehi dvīhi ṭhānehi gārayho iminā ekena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. (2)

14Tatra, gahapati, yvāyaṁ kāmabhogī adhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasena, adhammena bhoge pariyesitvā sāhasena attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti saṁvibhajati puññāni karoti, ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī ekena ṭhānena gārayho dvīhi ṭhānehi pāsaṁso. ‘Adhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasenā’ti, iminā ekena ṭhānena gārayho. ‘Attānaṁ sukheti pīṇetī’ti, iminā paṭhamena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Saṁvibhajati puññāni karotī’ti, iminā dutiyena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. Ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī iminā ekena ṭhānena gārayho, imehi dvīhi ṭhānehi pāsaṁso. (3)

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15Tatra, gahapati, yvāyaṁ kāmabhogī dhammādhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasenapi asāhasenapi, dhammādhammena bhoge pariyesitvā sāhasenapi asāhasenapi na attānaṁ sukheti na pīṇeti na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karoti, ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī ekena ṭhānena pāsaṁso tīhi ṭhānehi gārayho. ‘Dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasenā’ti, iminā ekena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Adhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasenā’ti, iminā paṭhamena ṭhānena gārayho. ‘Na attānaṁ sukheti na pīṇetī’ti, iminā dutiyena ṭhānena gārayho. ‘Na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karotī’ti, iminā tatiyena ṭhānena gārayho. Ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī iminā ekena ṭhānena pāsaṁso imehi tīhi ṭhānehi gārayho. (4)

16Tatra, gahapati, yvāyaṁ kāmabhogī dhammādhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasenapi asāhasenapi, dhammādhammena bhoge pariyesitvā sāhasenapi asāhasenapi attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karoti, ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī dvīhi ṭhānehi pāsaṁso dvīhi ṭhānehi gārayho. ‘Dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasenā’ti, iminā paṭhamena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Adhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasenā’ti, iminā paṭhamena ṭhānena gārayho. ‘Attānaṁ sukheti pīṇetī’ti, iminā dutiyena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karotī’ti, iminā dutiyena ṭhānena gārayho. Ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī imehi dvīhi ṭhānehi pāsaṁso imehi dvīhi ṭhānehi gārayho. (5)

17Tatra, gahapati, yvāyaṁ kāmabhogī dhammādhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasenapi asāhasenapi, dhammādhammena bhoge pariyesitvā sāhasenapi asāhasenapi attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti saṁvibhajati puññāni karoti, ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī tīhi ṭhānehi pāsaṁso ekena ṭhānena gārayho. ‘Dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasenā’ti, iminā paṭhamena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Adhammena bhoge pariyesati sāhasenā’ti, iminā ekena ṭhānena gārayho. ‘Attānaṁ sukheti pīṇetī’ti, iminā dutiyena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Saṁvibhajati puññāni karotī’ti, iminā tatiyena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. Ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī imehi tīhi ṭhānehi pāsaṁso iminā ekena ṭhānena gārayho. (6)

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18Tatra, gahapati, yvāyaṁ kāmabhogī dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasena, dhammena bhoge pariyesitvā asāhasena na attānaṁ sukheti na pīṇeti na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karoti, ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī ekena ṭhānena pāsaṁso dvīhi ṭhānehi gārayho. ‘Dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasenā’ti, iminā ekena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Na attānaṁ sukheti na pīṇetī’ti, iminā paṭhamena ṭhānena gārayho. ‘Na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karotī’ti, iminā dutiyena ṭhānena gārayho. Ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī iminā ekena ṭhānena pāsaṁso imehi dvīhi ṭhānehi gārayho. (7)

19Tatra, gahapati, yvāyaṁ kāmabhogī dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasena, dhammena bhoge pariyesitvā asāhasena attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karoti, ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī dvīhi ṭhānehi pāsaṁso ekena ṭhānena gārayho. ‘Dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasenā’ti, iminā paṭhamena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Attānaṁ sukheti pīṇetī’ti, iminā dutiyena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Na saṁvibhajati na puññāni karotī’ti iminā ekena ṭhānena gārayho. Ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī imehi dvīhi ṭhānehi pāsaṁso iminā ekena ṭhānena gārayho. (8)

20Tatra, gahapati yvāyaṁ kāmabhogī dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasena, dhammena bhoge pariyesitvā asāhasena attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti saṁvibhajati puññāni karoti, te ca bhoge gathito mucchito ajjhosanno anādīnavadassāvī anissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati, ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī tīhi ṭhānehi pāsaṁso ekena ṭhānena gārayho. ‘Dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasenā’ti, iminā paṭhamena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Attānaṁ sukheti pīṇetī’ti, iminā dutiyena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Saṁvibhajati puññāni karotī’ti, iminā tatiyena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Te ca bhoge gathito mucchito ajjhosanno anādīnavadassāvī anissaraṇapañño paribhuñjatī’ti, iminā ekena ṭhānena gārayho. Ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī imehi tīhi ṭhānehi pāsaṁso iminā ekena ṭhānena gārayho. (9)

21Tatra, gahapati, yvāyaṁ kāmabhogī dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasena, dhammena bhoge pariyesitvā asāhasena attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti saṁvibhajati puññāni karoti, te ca bhoge agathito amucchito anajjhosanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati, ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī catūhi ṭhānehi pāsaṁso. ‘Dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasenā’ti, iminā paṭhamena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Attānaṁ sukheti pīṇetī’ti, iminā dutiyena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Saṁvibhajati puññāni karotī’ti, iminā tatiyena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. ‘Te ca bhoge agathito amucchito anajjhosanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjatī’ti, iminā catutthena ṭhānena pāsaṁso. Ayaṁ, gahapati, kāmabhogī imehi catūhi ṭhānehi pāsaṁso. (10)

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22Ime kho, gahapati, dasa kāmabhogī santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmiṁ. Imesaṁ kho, gahapati, dasannaṁ kāmabhogīnaṁ yvāyaṁ kāmabhogī dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasena, dhammena bhoge pariyesitvā asāhasena attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti saṁvibhajati puññāni karoti, te ca bhoge agathito amucchito anajjhosanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati, ayaṁ imesaṁ dasannaṁ kāmabhogīnaṁ aggo ca seṭṭho ca pāmokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca. Seyyathāpi, gahapati, gavā khīraṁ, khīramhā dadhi, dadhimhā navanītaṁ, navanītamhā sappi, sappimhā sappimaṇḍo. Sappimaṇḍo tattha aggamakkhāyati.

23Evamevaṁ kho, gahapati, imesaṁ dasannaṁ kāmabhogīnaṁ yvāyaṁ kāmabhogī dhammena bhoge pariyesati asāhasena, dhammena bhoge pariyesitvā asāhasena attānaṁ sukheti pīṇeti saṁvibhajati puññāni karoti, te ca bhoge agathito amucchito anajjhosanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati, ayaṁ imesaṁ dasannaṁ kāmabhogīnaṁ aggo ca seṭṭho ca pāmokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro cā"ti.

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Paṭhamaṁ.