Aṅguttara Nikāya - The Numerical Discourses

4: The Book of the Fours

124. Difference (2)

1"Bhikkhus, there are these four kinds of persons found existing in the world. What four?


(1) "Here, bhikkhus, secluded from sensual pleasures … some person enters and dwells in the first jhāna …. He contemplates whatever phenomena there pertain to form, feeling, perception, volitional activities, and consciousness as impermanent, as suffering, as a disease, as a boil, as a dart, as misery, as an affliction, as alien, as disintegrating, as empty, as non-self. [n.815] Te dhamme aniccato dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato sallato aghato ābādhato parato palokato suññato anattato samanupassati. Mp: "Of these eleven terms, two—impermanent and disintegrating—signify the characteristic of impermanence. Two—empty and non-self—signify the characteristic of non-self. The rest signify the characteristic of suffering. By ascribing the three characteristics to the five aggregates and seeing them thus, he achieves three paths and fruits. Having developed the fourth jhāna, firm in it, ‘he is reborn in companionship with the devas of the pure abodes.’" With the breakup of the body, after death, he is reborn in companionship with the devas of the pure abodes. [n.816] The pure abodes (suddhāvāsā) are five planes of existence in the form realm into which only non-returners can be reborn. Non-returners attain arahantship there without ever returning to lower realms. See CMA 192–93. This is a rebirth not shared with worldlings.

2(2) "Again, some person, with the subsiding of thought and examination, enters and dwells in the second jhāna …. (3) With the fading away as well of rapture … he enters and dwells in the third jhāna …. (4) With the abandoning of pleasure and pain, and with the previous passing away of joy and dejection, he enters and dwells in the fourth jhāna, neither painful nor pleasant, which has purification of mindfulness by equanimity. He contemplates whatever phenomena there pertain to form, feeling, perception, volitional activities, and consciousness as impermanent, as suffering, as a disease, as a boil, as a dart, as misery, as an affliction, as alien, as disintegrating, as empty, as non-self. With the breakup of the body, after death, he is reborn in companionship with the devas of the pure abodes. This is a rebirth not shared with worldlings.


"These, bhikkhus, are the four kinds of persons found existing in the world."

1"Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmiṁ. Katame cattāro?


Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo vivicceva kāmehi … pe … paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati. So yadeva tattha hoti rūpagataṁ vedanāgataṁ saññāgataṁ saṅkhāragataṁ viññāṇagataṁ, te dhamme aniccato dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato sallato aghato ābādhato parato palokato suññato anattato samanupassati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā suddhāvāsānaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjati. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, upapatti asādhāraṇā puthujjanehi.

2Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, idhekacco puggalo vitakkavicārānaṁ vūpasamā … pe … dutiyaṁ jhānaṁ … pe … tatiyaṁ jhānaṁ … pe … catutthaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati. So yadeva tattha hoti rūpagataṁ vedanāgataṁ saññāgataṁ saṅkhāragataṁ viññāṇagataṁ, te dhamme aniccato dukkhato rogato gaṇḍato sallato aghato ābādhato parato palokato suññato anattato samanupassati. So kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā suddhāvāsānaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjati. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, upapatti asādhāraṇā puthujjanehi.


Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmin"ti.


Catutthaṁ.

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