"Bhikkhus, possessing four qualities, the foolish, incompetent, bad person maintains himself in a maimed and injured condition; he is blameworthy and subject to reproach by the wise; and he generates much demerit. What four.

(1) "Without investigating and scrutinizing, he speaks praise of one who deserves dispraise.

(2) Without investigating and scrutinizing, he speaks dispraise of one who deserves praise.

(3) Without investigating and scrutinizing, he believes a matter that merits suspicion.

(4) Without investigating and scrutinizing, he is suspicious about a matter that merits belief.

Possessing these four qualities, the foolish, incompetent, bad person maintains himself in a maimed and injured condition; he is blameworthy and subject to reproach by the wise; and he generates much demerit.

2"Bhikkhus, possessing four qualities, the wise, competent, good person preserves himself unmaimed and uninjured; he is blameless and beyond reproach by the wise; and he generates much merit. What four.

(1) "Having investigated and scrutinized, he speaks dispraise of one who deserves dispraise.

(2) Having investigated and scrutinized, he speaks praise of one who deserves praise.

(3) Having investigated and scrutinized, he is suspicious about a matter that merits suspicion.

(4) Having investigated and scrutinized, he believes a matter that merits belief.

Possessing these four qualities, the wise, competent, good person preserves himself unmaimed and uninjured; he is blameless and beyond reproach by the wise; and he generates much merit."

3He who praises one deserving blame,
or blames one deserving praise,
casts with his mouth an unlucky throw
by which he finds no happiness. [n.624] Vicināti mukhena so kaliṁ, kalinā tena sukhaṁ na vindati. This could also have been rendered: "The fool collects a disaster with his mouth." Kali means both disaster and the losing throw at dice.

4Slight is the unlucky throw at dice
that results in the loss of one's wealth,
the loss of all, oneself included;
much worse is this unlucky throw
of harboring hate against the fortunate ones. [n.625] Mp: "This disaster is trifling, that is, the loss of wealth at dice along with all that one owns, including oneself." Mp glosses sugatesu, "holy ones," as sammaggatesu puggalesu, "persons who have rightly attained," thus referring to all arahants, not only to the Buddha.

5For a hundred thousand and thirty-six
nirabbudas, plus five abbudas,
the slanderer of noble ones goes to hell,
having defamed them with evil speech and mind. [n.626] Sataṁ sahassānaṁ nirabbudānaṁ/chattiṁsatī pañca ca abbudāni. I translate following Mp, which says of the numbers: "A hundred thousand nirabbudas, plus thirty-six more nirabbudas, plus five abbudas" (sataṁ sahassānan ti nirabbudagaṇanāya satasahassaṁ; chattiṁsatī ti aparāni ca chattiṁsati nirabbudāni; pañca cā ti abbudagaṇanāya ca pañca abbudāni). Vanarata, however, holds that pañca cannot directly qualify abbudānaṁ and therefore he would conjoin sahassānaṁ with chattiṁsatī and pañca as well, making thirty-six thousand additional nirabbudas and five thousand abbudas. Mp, commenting on AN10.89, explains the Buddhist numbering scheme as follows: one koṭi = ten million; a koṭi of koṭis = one pakoṭi; a koṭi of pakoṭis = one koṭipakoṭi; a koṭi of koṭipakoṭis = one nahuta; a koṭi of nahutas = one ninnahuta; a koṭi of ninnahutas = one abbuda; twenty abbudas = one nirabbuda.

1"Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bālo abyatto asappuriso khataṁ upahataṁ attānaṁ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṁ, bahuñca apuññaṁ pasavati. Katamehi catūhi.

Ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṁ bhāsati.

ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṁ bhāsati,

ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā appasādanīye ṭhāne pasādaṁ upadaṁseti.

ananuvicca apariyogāhetvā pasādanīye ṭhāne appasādaṁ upadaṁseti –

imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bālo abyatto asappuriso khataṁ upahataṁ attānaṁ pariharati, sāvajjo ca hoti sānuvajjo ca viññūnaṁ, bahuñca apuññaṁ pasavati.

2Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato paṇḍito viyatto sappuriso akkhataṁ anupahataṁ attānaṁ pariharati, anavajjo ca hoti ananuvajjo ca viññūnaṁ, bahuñca puññaṁ pasavati. Katamehi catūhi.

Anuvicca pariyogāhetvā avaṇṇārahassa avaṇṇaṁ bhāsati.

anuvicca pariyogāhetvā vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṁ bhāsati,

anuvicca pariyogāhetvā appasādanīye ṭhāne appasādaṁ upadaṁseti.

anuvicca pariyogāhetvā pasādanīye ṭhāne pasādaṁ upadaṁseti –

imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato paṇḍito viyatto sappuriso akkhataṁ anupahataṁ attānaṁ pariharati, anavajjo ca hoti ananuvajjo ca viññūnaṁ, bahuñca puññaṁ pasavatīti.

3Yo nindiyaṁ pasaṁsati,
Taṁ vā nindati yo pasaṁsiyo;
Vicināti mukhena so kaliṁ,
Kalinā tena sukhaṁ na vindati.

4Appamatto ayaṁ kali,
Yo akkhesu dhanaparājayo;
Sabbassāpi sahāpi attanā,
Ayameva mahantataro kali;
Yo sugatesu manaṁ padosaye.

5Sataṁ sahassānaṁ nirabbudānaṁ,
Chattiṁsatī pañca ca abbudāni;
Yamariyagarahī nirayaṁ upeti,
Vācaṁ manañca paṇidhāya pāpakan"ti.

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Tatiyaṁ.