1"Bhikkhus, when kings are unrighteous, [n.763] Adhammikā honti. Mp: "Without performing the tenfold oblation prescribed by the ancient kings, and without assigning punishment in proportion to the crime, they perform excessive oblations and assign excessive punishments." The tenfold oblation (dasabhāgabali) is mentioned only here. the royal vassals become unrighteous. When the royal vassals are unrighteous, brahmins and householders become unrighteous. [n.764] In support of my translation of brāhmaṇagahapatikā as a dvanda compound rather than as a kammadhāraya, "brahmin householders," see It-a II 162,7–9: Brāhmaṇagahapatikā ti brāhmaṇā c’eva gahapatikā ca. Ṭhapetvā brāhmaṇe ye keci agāraṁ ajjhāvasantā idha gahapatikā ti veditabbā. When brahmins and householders are unrighteous, the people of the towns and countryside become unrighteous. When the people of the towns and countryside are unrighteous, the sun and moon proceed off course. When the sun and moon proceed off course, the constellations and the stars proceed off course. When the constellations and the stars proceed off course, day and night proceed off course … the months and fortnights proceed off course … the seasons and years proceed off course. When the seasons and years proceed off course, the winds blow off course and at random. When the winds blow off course and at random, the deities become upset. When the deities are upset, sufficient rain does not fall. When sufficient rain does not fall, the crops ripen irregularly. When people eat crops that ripen irregularly, they become short-lived, ugly, weak, and sickly. [n.765] The omission of dubbalā in the VRI edition appears to be an error. The other editions, including the Be printed version, have this word.

2"Bhikkhus, when kings are righteous, the royal vassals become righteous. When the royal vassals are righteous, brahmins and householders become righteous. When brahmins and householders are righteous, the people of the towns and countryside become righteous. When the people of the towns and countryside are righteous, the sun and moon proceed on course. When the sun and moon proceed on course, the constellations and the stars proceed on course. When the constellations and the stars proceed on course, day and night proceed on course … the months and fortnights proceed on course … the seasons and years proceed on course. When the seasons and years proceed on course, the winds blow on course and dependably. When the winds blow on course and dependably, the deities do not become upset. When the deities are not upset, sufficient rain falls. When sufficient rain falls, the crops ripen in season. When people eat crops that ripen in season, they become long-lived, beautiful, strong, and healthy."

3When cattle are crossing a ford,
if the chief bull goes crookedly,
all the others go crookedly
because their leader has gone crookedly.

4So too, among human beings,
when the one considered the chief
behaves unrighteously,
other people do so as well.
The entire kingdom is dejected
if the king is unrighteous.

5When cattle are crossing a ford
if the chief bull goes straight across,
all the others go straight across
because their leader has gone straight.

6So too, among human beings,
when the one considered the chief
conducts himself righteously,
other people do so as well.
The entire kingdom rejoices
if the king is righteous.

1"Yasmiṁ, bhikkhave, samaye rājāno adhammikā honti, rājāyuttāpi tasmiṁ samaye adhammikā honti. Rājāyuttesu adhammikesu brāhmaṇagahapatikāpi tasmiṁ samaye adhammikā honti. Brāhmaṇagahapatikesu adhammikesu negamajānapadāpi tasmiṁ samaye adhammikā honti. Negamajānapadesu adhammikesu visamaṁ candimasūriyā parivattanti. Visamaṁ candimasūriyesu parivattantesu visamaṁ nakkhattāni tārakarūpāni parivattanti. Visamaṁ nakkhattesu tārakarūpesu parivattantesu visamaṁ rattindivā parivattanti. Visamaṁ rattindivesu parivattantesu visamaṁ māsaddhamāsā parivattanti. Visamaṁ māsaddhamāsesu parivattantesu visamaṁ utusaṁvaccharā parivattanti. Visamaṁ utusaṁvaccharesu parivattantesu visamaṁ vātā vāyanti visamā apañjasā. Visamaṁ vātesu vāyantesu visamesu apañjasesu devatā parikupitā bhavanti. Devatāsu parikupitāsu devo na sammā dhāraṁ anuppavecchati. Deve na sammā dhāraṁ anuppavecchante visamapākāni sassāni bhavanti. Visamapākāni, bhikkhave, sassāni manussā paribhuñjantā appāyukā honti dubbaṇṇā ca bavhābādhā ca.

2Yasmiṁ, bhikkhave, samaye rājāno dhammikā honti, rājāyuttāpi tasmiṁ samaye dhammikā honti. Rājāyuttesu dhammikesu brāhmaṇagahapatikāpi tasmiṁ samaye dhammikā honti. Brāhmaṇagahapatikesu dhammikesu negamajānapadāpi tasmiṁ samaye dhammikā honti. Negamajānapadesu dhammikesu samaṁ candimasūriyā parivattanti. Samaṁ candimasūriyesu parivattantesu samaṁ nakkhattāni tārakarūpāni parivattanti. Samaṁ nakkhattesu tārakarūpesu parivattantesu samaṁ rattindivā parivattanti. Samaṁ rattindivesu parivattantesu samaṁ māsaddhamāsā parivattanti. Samaṁ māsaddhamāsesu parivattantesu samaṁ utusaṁvaccharā parivattanti. Samaṁ utusaṁvaccharesu parivattantesu samaṁ vātā vāyanti samā pañjasā. Samaṁ vātesu vāyantesu samesu pañjasesu devatā aparikupitā bhavanti. Devatāsu aparikupitāsu devo sammā dhāraṁ anuppavecchati. Deve sammā dhāraṁ anuppavecchante samapākāni sassāni bhavanti. Samapākāni, bhikkhave, sassāni manussā paribhuñjantā dīghāyukā ca honti vaṇṇavanto ca balavanto ca appābādhā cāti.

3Gunnañce taramānānaṁ,
jimhaṁ gacchati puṅgavo;
Sabbā tā jimhaṁ gacchanti,
nette jimhaṁ gate sati.

4Evamevaṁ manussesu,
yo hoti seṭṭhasammato;
So ce adhammaṁ carati,
pageva itarā pajā;
Sabbaṁ raṭṭhaṁ dukkhaṁ seti,
rājā ce hoti adhammiko.

5Gunnañce taramānānaṁ,
ujuṁ gacchati puṅgavo;
Sabbā tā ujuṁ gacchanti,
nette ujuṁ gate sati.

6Evamevaṁ manussesu,
yo hoti seṭṭhasammato;
So sace dhammaṁ carati,
pageva itarā pajā;
Sabbaṁ raṭṭhaṁ sukhaṁ seti,
rājā ce hoti dhammiko"ti.

Dasamaṁ.
Pattakammavaggo dutiyo.

7Pattakammaṁ ānaṇyako,
Sabrahmanirayā rūpena pañcamaṁ;
Sarāgaahirājā devadatto,
Padhānaṁ adhammikena cāti.