Saṁyutta Nikāya — The Connected Discourses

SN7: Connected Discourses with Brahmins

SN7:20 The Mendicant

1At Sāvatthī. Then a mendicant brahmin approached the Blessed One … and said to him: "Master Gotama, I am a mendicant and you are a mendicant. What is the difference between us in this respect?" [n.479] "Mendicant" is a rendering of bhikkhaka, which is of course related to bhikkhu, a fully ordained Buddhist monk.


The Blessed One:

2v.703 "It is not thus that one becomes a mendicant,
Just because one begs others for alms.
If one has taken up a domestic practice,
One still has not become a bhikkhu. [n.480] Ee1 bhikkhavo in pāda b should be amended to bhikkhate. Spk explains vissaṁ dhammaṁ in the next pāda as duggandhaṁ akusaladhammaṁ, "a foul smelling unwholesome state," assuming that vissa < Skt visra, raw meat. Spk-pṭ adds: "It produces a putrid smell, thus it is vissa, i.e., foul smelling" (virūpaṁ gandhaṁ pāsavāti ti visso duggandho). Dhp-a III 393,2 (commenting on the verse at Dhp 266) says: "Vissa is an uneven doctrine (visamaṁ dhammaṁ); or else, a putrid-smelling state of bodily action, etc. (vissagandhaṁ va kayakammadikaṁ dhammaṁ), having undertaken which one is not called a bhikkhu." As Brough points out, however, the original Pali term is probably derived from Vedic veśman, domestic (Gandhari Dharmapada, pp. 191–92, n. to 67). Vesma occurs in Pali at Ja V 84,17. Uv 32:18, the Skt parallel to the present verse, has veśmaṁ dharmaṁ.
In the next verse, in pāda b, I read brahmacariyava, with Se and SS, as against brahmacariyaṁ in the other eds. The latter does not seem to fit into the syntax, as it is neither subject nor object of the verb. Since the Buddha here defines a bhikkhu as one who has expelled both merit and evil (puññañ ca papañ ca bahitva), this means he is equating the real monk solely with the arahant.

3v.704 "But one here who leads the holy life,
Having expelled merit and evil,
Who fares in the world with comprehension:
He is truly called a bhikkhu."

4When this was said, the mendicant brahmin said to the Blessed One: "Magnificent, Master Gotama! Magnificent, Master Gotama! … Let Master Gotama remember me as a lay follower who from today has gone for refuge for life."

1Sāvatthinidānaṁ. Atha kho bhikkhako brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho bhikkhako brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: "ahampi kho, bho gotama, bhikkhako, bhavampi bhikkhako, idha no kiṁ nānākaraṇan"ti?


2"Na tena bhikkhako hoti,
yāvatā bhikkhate pare;
Vissaṁ dhammaṁ samādāya,
bhikkhu hoti na tāvatā.

3Yodha puññañca pāpañca,
bāhitvā brahmacariyaṁ;
Saṅkhāya loke carati,
sa ve bhikkhūti vuccatī"ti.

4Evaṁ vutte, bhikkhako brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: "Abhikkantaṁ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṁ, bho gotama … pe … upāsakaṁ maṁ bhavaṁ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṁ saraṇaṁ gatan"ti.

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