10: The Book of the Tens
63. Certainty
- DG BB TBW © Translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Bodhi (More copyright information)
1"Bhikkhus, all those who have reached certainty about me are accomplished in view. Of those accomplished in view, five gain the goal here in this world; [n.2084] There is a word play here. "Have reached certainty about m6e" (mayini ṭṭhaṁ gatā) is an idiom meaning that a person has achieved secure faith in the Buddha, the mark of a stream-enterer. But niṭṭhā also means goal, namely, arahantship. Thus reaching certainty about the Buddha marks the attainment of stream-entry (or higher stages), while gaining the goal marks the attainment of arahantship. In the light of this distinction, Mp explains "gain the goal here in this world" (idha niṭṭhā) as "reach final nibbāna in this very world" (imasmiṁyeva loke parinibbānaṁ). "This world" (idha, lit., "here") obviously means the sense sphere, since the stream-enterer and once-returner may reach the goal in a heavenly realm and not necessarily in the human realm. Mp says that "having left this world" (idha vihāya) means "in the pure abodes of the brahmā world (suddhāvāsabrahmalokaṁ)." five gain the goal having left this world.
"Who are the five that gain the goal here in this world? The seven-times-at-most attainer, the family-to-family attainer, the one-seed attainer, [n.2085] Ekabījī, kolaṁkola, and sattakkhattuparama. These are three grades of stream-enterers in the technical sense. They are distinguished according to the sharpness of their spiritual faculties. For the distinctions between them, see AN3.89. the once-returner, and one who, in this very life, is an arahant. These five gain the goal in this world.
"Who are the five that gain the goal having left this world? The attainer of nibbāna in the interval, the attainer of nibbāna upon landing, the attainer of nibbāna without exertion, the attainer of nibbāna through exertion, and one bound upstream, heading toward the Akaniṭṭha realm. [n.2086] For the distinctions between these five kinds of non-returners, see AN7.55. They are mentioned in relation to the threefold training at AN3.87 and AN3.88. These five gain the goal having left this world.
"All those, bhikkhus, who have reached certainty about me are accomplished in view. Of those accomplished in view, the former five gain the goal here in this world; the latter five gain the goal having left this world."
1"Ye keci, bhikkhave, mayi niṭṭhaṁ gatā sabbe te diṭṭhisampannā. Tesaṁ diṭṭhisampannānaṁ pañcannaṁ idha niṭṭhā, pañcannaṁ idha vihāya niṭṭhā. Katamesaṁ pañcannaṁ idha niṭṭhā?
Sattakkhattuparamassa, kolaṅkolassa, ekabījissa, sakadāgāmissa, yo ca diṭṭheva dhamme arahā – imesaṁ pañcannaṁ idha niṭṭhā.
Katamesaṁ pañcannaṁ idha vihāya niṭṭhā? Antarāparinibbāyissa, upahaccaparinibbāyissa, asaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa, sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa, uddhaṁsotassa akaniṭṭhagāmino – imesaṁ pañcannaṁ idha vihāya niṭṭhā. Ye keci, bhikkhave, mayi niṭṭhaṁ gatā, sabbe te diṭṭhisampannā.
Tesaṁ diṭṭhisampannānaṁ imesaṁ pañcannaṁ idha niṭṭhā, imesaṁ pañcannaṁ idha vihāya niṭṭhā"ti.
Tatiyaṁ.
