… Dāyakānaṁ yadidaṁ sudatto gahapati anāthapiṇḍiko.   … as a donor is the householder Sudatta Anāthapiṇḍika.  
… Dhammakathikānaṁ yadidaṁ citto gahapati macchikāsaṇḍiko.  
… who speak on the teaching is the householder Citta Macchikāsaṇḍika.  
… Manāpadāyakānaṁ yadidaṁ uggo gahapati vesāliko.  
… who donate nice things is the householder Ugga of Vesālī.  
… Saṅghupaṭṭhākānaṁ yadidaṁ hatthigāmako uggato gahapati.  
… who attend on the Saṅgha is the householder Uggata of Elephant Village.  
… Vissāsakānaṁ yadidaṁ nakulapitā gahapatī”ti.  
… who are intimate is the householder Nakula’s father.” 

… Vissāsikānaṁ yadidaṁ nakulamātā gahapatānī.   … who are intimate is the householder Nakula’s mother.  

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to the Buddha,  
“Dve kho, gahapati, loke dakkhiṇeyyā— 
“Householder, there are two kinds of people in the world who are worthy of a religious donation:  
“ko nu kho, bho kaccāna, hetu ko paccayo yena khattiyāpi khattiyehi vivadanti, brāhmaṇāpi brāhmaṇehi vivadanti, gahapatikāpi gahapatikehi vivadantī”ti?  
“What is the cause, Master Kaccāna, what is the reason why aristocrats fight with aristocrats, brahmins fight with brahmins, and householders fight with householders?”  
“Kāmarāgābhinivesavinibandhapaligedhapariyuṭṭhānajjhosānahetu kho, brāhmaṇa, khattiyāpi khattiyehi vivadanti, brāhmaṇāpi brāhmaṇehi vivadanti, gahapatikāpi gahapatikehi vivadantī”ti.  
“It is because of their insistence on sensual desire, their shackles, avarice, and attachment, that aristocrats fight with aristocrats, brahmins fight with brahmins, and householders fight with householders.”  
Kāmarāgābhinivesavinibandhapaligedhapariyuṭṭhānajjhosānahetu → kāmarāgavinivesavinibandha (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed)  
Brāhmaṇagahapatikānampi tasmiṁ samaye na phāsu hoti atiyātuṁ vā niyyātuṁ vā bāhirāni vā kammantāni paṭivekkhituṁ.  
The brahmins and householders, likewise, are not at ease when going out or coming back, or when inspecting their business activities.  
Brāhmaṇagahapatikānampi tasmiṁ samaye phāsu hoti atiyātuṁ vā niyyātuṁ vā bāhirāni vā kammantāni paṭivekkhituṁ.  
The brahmins and householders, likewise, are at ease when going out or coming back, or when inspecting their business activities.  

‘tādiso homi yādiso citto ca gahapati hatthako ca āḷavako’ti.   ‘May I be like the householder Citta and Hatthaka of Ãḷavī!’  
Esā, bhikkhave, tulā etaṁ pamāṇaṁ mama sāvakānaṁ upāsakānaṁ yadidaṁ citto ca gahapati hatthako ca āḷavako”ti.  
These are a standard and a measure for my male lay followers, that is, the householder Citta and Hatthaka of Ãḷavī.”  

Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhu, rājā cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā dhammaṁyeva nissāya dhammaṁ sakkaronto dhammaṁ garuṁ karonto dhammaṁ apacāyamāno dhammaddhajo dhammaketu dhammādhipateyyo dhammikaṁ rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṁ saṁvidahati khattiyesu, anuyantesu, balakāyasmiṁ, brāhmaṇagahapatikesu, negamajānapadesu, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu, migapakkhīsu.   He provides just protection and security for his aristocrats, vassals, troops, brahmins and householders, people of town and country, ascetics and brahmins, beasts and birds.  
anuyantesu → anuyuttesu (bj, pts1ed)  

Idha, bhikkhave, pāpaṇikaṁ ye te gahapatī vā gahapatiputtā vā aḍḍhā mahaddhanā mahābhogā te evaṁ jānanti:   It’s when rich, affluent, and wealthy householders or householders’ children know of him:  

Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, kumāra, idhassa gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā kūṭāgāraṁ ullittāvalittaṁ nivātaṁ phusitaggaḷaṁ pihitavātapānaṁ.   What do you think? Take the case of a householder or his son, who lives in a bungalow, plastered inside and out, draft-free, with latches fastened and windows shuttered.  
api nu tassa gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā uppajjeyyuṁ rāgajā pariḷāhā kāyikā vā cetasikā vā yehi so rāgajehi pariḷāhehi pariḍayhamāno dukkhaṁ sayeyyā”ti?  
Is it not possible that a fever born of greed—physical or mental—might arise in that householder or householder’s son, burning him so he sleeps badly?”  
“Yehi kho so, kumāra, gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā rāgajehi pariḷāhehi pariḍayhamāno dukkhaṁ sayeyya, so rāgo tathāgatassa pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṅkato āyatiṁ anuppādadhammo.  
“The greed that burns that householder or householder’s son, making them sleep badly, has been cut off at the root by the Realized One, made like a palm stump, obliterated, and unable to arise in the future.  
mohajā pariḷāhā kāyikā vā cetasikā vā yehi so mohajehi pariḷāhehi pariḍayhamāno dukkhaṁ sayeyyā”ti?  
or a fever born of delusion—physical or mental—might arise in that householder or householder’s son, burning him so he sleeps badly?”  
“Ye hi kho so, kumāra, gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā mohajehi pariḷāhehi pariḍayhamāno dukkhaṁ sayeyya, so moho tathāgatassa pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṅkato āyatiṁ anuppādadhammo.  
“The delusion that burns that householder or householder’s son, making them sleep badly, has been cut off at the root by the Realized One, made like a palm stump, obliterated, and unable to arise in the future.  

Assosuṁ kho venāgapurikā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:   The brahmins and householders of Venāgapura heard:  
Atha kho venāgapurikā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu, appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu, sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu, appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu, appekacce nāmagottaṁ sāvetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu, appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho venāgapuriko vacchagotto brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:  
Then the brahmins and householders of Venāgapura went up to the Buddha. Before sitting down to one side, some bowed, some exchanged greetings and polite conversation, some held up their joined palms toward the Buddha, some announced their name and clan, while some kept silent. Then the brahmin Vacchagotta of Venāgapura said to the Buddha:  

Atha kho aññataro ājīvakasāvako gahapati yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho so ājīvakasāvako gahapati āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etadavoca:   Then a householder who was a disciple of the Ājīvaka ascetics went up to Venerable Ānanda, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to Ānanda:  
“Tena hi, gahapati, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi, yathā te khameyya tathā naṁ byākareyyāsi.  
“Well then, householder, I’ll ask you about this in return, and you can answer as you like.  
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
What do you think, householder?  
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
“What do you think, householder?  
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
“What do you think, householder?  
“Iti kho, gahapati, tayāvetaṁ byākataṁ:  
“So, householder, you’ve declared:  
tayāvetaṁ → tayā cetaṁ (bj, pts1ed, mr) 

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him:  
“citte, gahapati, arakkhite kāyakammampi arakkhitaṁ hoti, vacīkammampi arakkhitaṁ hoti, manokammampi arakkhitaṁ hoti.  
“Householder, when the mind is unprotected, deeds of body, speech, and mind are unprotected.  

Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Seated to one side, the Buddha said to the householder Anāthapiṇḍika:  
“citte, gahapati, byāpanne kāyakammampi byāpannaṁ hoti, vacīkammampi byāpannaṁ hoti, manokammampi byāpannaṁ hoti.  
“Householder, when the mind is fallen, bodily, verbal, and mental deeds are fallen.  

Tamenaṁ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā upasaṅkamitvā svātanāya bhattena nimanteti.   A householder or their child approaches and invites them for the next day’s meal.  
So tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena tassa gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkamati; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdati.  
When the night has passed, they robe up in the morning, take their bowl and robe, and approach that householder’s home, where they sit on the seat spread out.  
Tamenaṁ so gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappeti sampavāreti.  
The householder or their child serves and satisfies them with their own hands with delicious fresh and cooked foods.  
‘sādhu vata myāyaṁ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappeti sampavāretī’ti.  
‘It’s so good that this householder serves me with delicious fresh and cooked foods.’  
‘aho vata māyaṁ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā āyatimpi evarūpena paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappeyya sampavāreyyā’ti.  
‘I really hope this householder serves me with delicious fresh and cooked foods in the future, too.’  
Tamenaṁ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā upasaṅkamitvā svātanāya bhattena nimanteti.  
A householder or their child approaches and invites them for the next day’s meal.  
So tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena tassa gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkamati; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdati.  
When the night has passed, they robe up in the morning, take their bowl and robe, and approach that householder’s home, where they sit on the seat spread out.  
Tamenaṁ so gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappeti sampavāreti.  
The householder or their child serves and satisfies them with their own hands with delicious fresh and cooked foods.  
‘sādhu vata myāyaṁ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappeti sampavāretī’ti.  
‘It’s so good that the householder or their child serves and satisfies me with their own hands with delicious fresh and cooked foods.’  
‘aho vata māyaṁ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā āyatimpi evarūpena paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappeyya sampavāreyyā’ti.  
‘I really hope this householder serves me with delicious fresh and cooked foods in the future, too.’  

Sambahulāpi kho gahapatī ca gahapatāniyo ca antarā ca madhuraṁ antarā ca verañjaṁ addhānamaggappaṭipannā honti.   as were several householders, both women and men.  
Addasaṁsu kho gahapatī ca gahapatāniyo ca bhagavantaṁ aññatarasmiṁ rukkhamūle nisinnaṁ.  
where the householders saw him.  
Addasaṁsu → addassuṁ (bj)  
“Cattārome, gahapatayo, saṁvāsā.  
“Householders, there are four ways of living together.  

Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena nakulapituno gahapatissa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi.   Then the Buddha robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, went to the home of the householder Nakula’s father, where he sat on the seat spread out.  
Atha kho nakulapitā ca gahapati nakulamātā ca gahapatānī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho nakulapitā gahapati bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:  
Then the householder Nakula’s father and the housewife Nakula’s mother went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. Nakula’s father said to the Buddha,  
“Ākaṅkheyyuñce, gahapatayo, ubho jānipatayo diṭṭhe ceva dhamme aññamaññaṁ passituṁ abhisamparāyañca aññamaññaṁ passituṁ ubhova assu samasaddhā samasīlā samacāgā samapaññā, te diṭṭhe ceva dhamme aññamaññaṁ passanti abhisamparāyañca aññamaññaṁ passantīti.  
“Householders, if wife and husband want to see each other in both this life and the next, they should be equals in faith, ethics, generosity, and wisdom.  
ubhova → ubho ca (bj, pts1ed) | passantīti → passissantīti (mr) 

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him:  
“Bhojanaṁ, gahapati, dadamāno ariyasāvako paṭiggāhakānaṁ cattāri ṭhānāni deti.  
“Householder, when a noble disciple gives food, they give the recipients four things.  

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him:  
“Catūhi kho, gahapati, dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako gihisāmīcipaṭipadaṁ paṭipanno hoti yasopaṭilābhiniṁ saggasaṁvattanikaṁ.  
“Householder, when a noble disciple does four things they are practicing appropriately for a layperson, which brings fame and leads to heaven.  

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him:  
“Cattārome, gahapati, dhammā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā dullabhā lokasmiṁ.  
“Householder, these four things that are likable, desirable, and agreeable are hard to get in the world.  

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him:  
“Cattārimāni, gahapati, sukhāni adhigamanīyāni gihinā kāmabhoginā kālena kālaṁ samayena samayaṁ upādāya.  
“Householder, these four kinds of happiness can be earned by a layperson who enjoys sensual pleasures, depending on time and occasion.  

Rājāyuttesu adhammikesu brāhmaṇagahapatikāpi tasmiṁ samaye adhammikā honti.   When royal officials are unprincipled, brahmins and householders become unprincipled.  
Brāhmaṇagahapatikesu adhammikesu negamajānapadāpi tasmiṁ samaye adhammikā honti.  
When brahmins and householders are unprincipled, the people of town and country become unprincipled.  
Rājāyuttesu dhammikesu brāhmaṇagahapatikāpi tasmiṁ samaye dhammikā honti.  
… brahmins and householders …  

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ucce kule paccājāto hoti—khattiyamahāsālakule vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakule vā gahapatimahāsālakule vā aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe;   It’s when some person is reborn in an eminent family—a well-to-do family of aristocrats, brahmins, or householders—rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, and lots of money and grain.  

yampi no saddhā gahapatikā divā vikāle paṇītaṁ khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā denti, tatrapime mukhāvaraṇaṁ maññe karontī’ti.   And these faithful householders give us delicious fresh and cooked foods at the wrong time of day. But these mendicants imagine they can gag our mouths!’  
So tattha passati gahapatiṁ vā gahapatiputtaṁ vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitaṁ samaṅgībhūtaṁ paricārayamānaṁ.  
There they see a householder or their child amusing themselves, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation.  

Sace, bhikkhave, gahapatiparisā rājānaṁ cakkavattiṁ dassanāya upasaṅkamati, dassanenapi sā attamanā hoti.   householders …  

‘tādiso homi yādiso citto ca gahapati hatthako ca āḷavako’ti.   ‘May I be like the householder Citta and Hatthaka of Ãḷavī!’  
Esā, bhikkhave, tulā etaṁ pamāṇaṁ mama sāvakānaṁ upāsakānaṁ, yadidaṁ citto ca gahapati hatthako ca āḷavako.  
These are a standard and a measure for my male lay disciples, that is, the householder Citta and Hatthaka of Ãḷavī.  

Santi kho pana, bhante, imasmiṁ rājakule khattiyakaññāpi brāhmaṇakaññāpi gahapatikaññāpi, tāsāhaṁ issarādhipaccaṁ kāremi.   In this royal court I command maidens of the aristocrats, brahmins, and householders.  

Taṁ dhammaṁ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṁ vā kule paccājāto.   A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in a good family.  

Assosuṁ kho icchānaṅgalakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:   The brahmins and householders of Icchānaṅgala heard:  
icchānaṅgalakā → icchānaṅgalikā (si)  
“Ete, bhante, icchānaṅgalakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā pahūtaṁ khādanīyaṁ bhojanīyaṁ ādāya bahidvārakoṭṭhake ṭhitā bhagavantaññeva uddissa bhikkhusaṅghañcā”ti.  
“Sir, it’s these brahmins and householders of Icchānaṅgala. They’ve brought many fresh and cooked foods, and they’re standing outside the gates wanting to offer it specially to the Buddha and the mendicant Saṅgha.”  
Yena yeneva dāni bhagavā gamissati taṁninnāva gamissanti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca.  
Wherever the Buddha now goes, the brahmins and householders will incline the same way, as will the people of town and country.  
evamevaṁ kho, bhante, yena yeneva dāni bhagavā gamissati, taṁninnāva gamissanti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca.  
In the same way, wherever the Buddha now goes, the brahmins and householders will incline the same way, as will the people of town and country.  

Puna caparaṁ, sīha, dāyako dānapati yaṁ yadeva parisaṁ upasaṅkamati—yadi khattiyaparisaṁ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṁ yadi gahapatiparisaṁ yadi samaṇaparisaṁ—visārado upasaṅkamati amaṅkubhūto.   Furthermore, a giver enters any kind of assembly bold and assured, whether it’s an assembly of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics.  
visārado → visāradova (bj)  
Ahaṁ, bhante, dāyako dānapati yaṁ yadeva parisaṁ upasaṅkamāmi—yadi khattiyaparisaṁ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṁ yadi gahapatiparisaṁ yadi samaṇaparisaṁ—visārado upasaṅkamāmi amaṅkubhūto.  
I’m a giver, and I enter any kind of assembly bold and assured, whether it’s an assembly of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics.  

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him:  
“pañcime, gahapati, bhogānaṁ ādiyā.  
“Householder, there are these five reasons to get rich.  

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him:  
“Pañcime, gahapati, dhammā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā dullabhā lokasmiṁ.  
“Householder, these five things that are likable, desirable, and agreeable are hard to get in the world.  

Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena uggassa gahapatino vesālikassa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi.   Then the Buddha robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, went to the home of the householder Ugga of Vesālī, where he sat on the seat spread out.  

Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhu, rājā cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā dhammaññeva nissāya dhammaṁ sakkaronto dhammaṁ garuṁ karonto dhammaṁ apacāyamāno dhammaddhajo dhammaketu dhammādhipateyyo dhammikaṁ rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṁ saṁvidahati khattiyesu anuyantesu …pe… balakāyasmiṁ brāhmaṇagahapatikesu negamajānapadesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu migapakkhīsu.   He provides just protection and security for his aristocrats, vassals, troops, brahmins and householders, people of town and country, ascetics and brahmins, beasts and birds.  
anuyantesu → anuyuttesu (bj)  

Hatthiratanassa pātubhāvo dullabho lokasmiṁ, assaratanassa pātubhāvo dullabho lokasmiṁ, maṇiratanassa pātubhāvo dullabho lokasmiṁ, itthiratanassa pātubhāvo dullabho lokasmiṁ, gahapatiratanassa pātubhāvo dullabho lokasmiṁ.   The elephant-treasure, the horse-treasure, the jewel-treasure, the woman-treasure, and the householder-treasure.  

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him:  
“Pañca, gahapati, bhayāni verāni appahāya ‘dussīlo’ iti vuccati, nirayañca upapajjati.  
“Householder, unless these five dangers and threats are given up, one is said to be unethical, and is reborn in hell.  

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati pañcamattehi upāsakasatehi parivuto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika, escorted by around five hundred lay followers, went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him:  
“Tumhe kho, gahapati, bhikkhusaṅghaṁ paccupaṭṭhitā cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena.  
“Householders, you have supplied the mendicant Saṅgha with robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick.  
‘tumhe kho, gahapati, bhikkhusaṅghaṁ paccupaṭṭhitā cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena.  
‘Householders, you have supplied the mendicant Saṅgha with robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick.  

‘ayaṁ puriso gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā musāvādena atthaṁ pabhañjīti.   ‘This person has ruined a householder or householder’s child by lying.’  
pabhañjīti → bhañjatīti (bj); bhañjati (sya-all, km); bhañjīti (pts1ed)  
ayaṁ puriso surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṁ anuyutto gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā musāvādena atthaṁ pabhañjīti.  
Or they ruined a householder or householder’s child by lying.’  

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati pañcamattehi upāsakasatehi parivuto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi.   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika, escorted by around five hundred lay followers, went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side.  

Attanāpi tasmiṁ sare sārajjati, parepi tasmiṁ sare sārajjanti, gahapatikāpi ujjhāyanti:   You relish the sound of your own voice. Others relish the sound of your voice. Householders complain:  

Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, dussīlo sīlavipanno yaññadeva parisaṁ upasaṅkamati—yadi khattiyaparisaṁ, yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṁ, yadi gahapatiparisaṁ, yadi samaṇaparisaṁ—avisārado upasaṅkamati maṅkubhūto.   Furthermore, an unethical person enters any kind of assembly timid and embarrassed, whether it’s an assembly of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics.  
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, sīlavā sīlasampanno yaññadeva parisaṁ upasaṅkamati—yadi khattiyaparisaṁ, yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṁ, yadi gahapatiparisaṁ, yadi samaṇaparisaṁ—visārado upasaṅkamati amaṅkubhūto.  
Furthermore, an ethical person enters any kind of assembly bold and self-assured, whether it’s an assembly of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics.  

Tena kho pana samayena nakulapitā gahapati ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno.   Now at that time the householder Nakula’s father was sick, suffering, gravely ill.  
“Mā kho tvaṁ, gahapati, sāpekkho kālamakāsi.  
“Householder, don’t pass away with concerns.  
sāpekkho → sāpekho (pts1ed, mr)  
Siyā kho pana te, gahapati, evamassa:  
Householder, you might think:  
Tasmātiha tvaṁ, gahapati, mā sāpekkho kālamakāsi.  
So householder, don’t pass away with concerns …  
Siyā kho pana te, gahapati, evamassa:  
Householder, you might think:  
Tasmātiha tvaṁ, gahapati, mā sāpekkho kālamakāsi.  
So householder, don’t pass away with concerns …  
Siyā kho pana te, gahapati, evamassa:  
Householder, you might think:  
Tasmātiha tvaṁ, gahapati, mā sāpekkho kālamakāsi.  
So householder, don’t pass away with concerns …  
Siyā kho pana te, gahapati, evamassa:  
Householder, you might think:  
Tasmātiha tvaṁ, gahapati, mā sāpekkho kālamakāsi.  
So householder, don’t pass away with concerns …  
Siyā kho pana te, gahapati, evamassa:  
Householder, you might think:  
Tasmātiha tvaṁ, gahapati, mā sāpekkho kālamakāsi.  
So householder, don’t pass away with concerns …  
Siyā kho pana te, gahapati, evamassa:  
Householder, you might think:  
Tasmātiha tvaṁ, gahapati, mā sāpekkho kālamakāsi.  
So householder, don’t pass away with concerns.  
“Lābhā te, gahapati, suladdhaṁ te, gahapati.  
“You’re fortunate, householder, so very fortunate,  
Lābhā te, gahapati, suladdhaṁ te, gahapati.  
You’re fortunate, householder, so very fortunate,  

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco khattiyampi paricarati, brāhmaṇampi paricarati, gahapatimpi paricarati, uccāvacaṁ vā pana paricarati, samaṇaṁ vā brāhmaṇaṁ vā micchādiṭṭhikaṁ micchāpaṭipannaṁ paricarati.   Some people serve an aristocrat, a brahmin, a householder, or a diverse spectrum of people; or they serve ascetics and brahmins of wrong view and wrong practice.  

Assosuṁ kho icchānaṅgalakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:   The brahmins and householders of Icchānaṅgala heard:  
“Ete, bhante, icchānaṅgalakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā pahūtaṁ khādanīyaṁ bhojanīyaṁ ādāya bahidvārakoṭṭhake ṭhitā bhagavantaṁyeva uddissa bhikkhusaṅghañcā”ti.  
“Sir, it’s these brahmins and householders of Icchānaṅgala. They’ve brought many fresh and cooked foods, and they’re standing outside the gates wanting to offer it specially to the Buddha and the mendicant Saṅgha.”  
Yena yeneva dāni, bhante, bhagavā gamissati, tanninnāva bhavissanti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca.  
Wherever the Buddha now goes, the brahmins and householders will incline the same way, as will the people of town and country.  
evamevaṁ kho, bhante, yena yeneva dāni bhagavā gamissati, tanninnāva bhavissanti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca.  
In the same way, wherever the Buddha now goes, the brahmins and householders will incline the same way, as will the people of town and country.  

Ubhayattha kaṭaggāho,   That faithful householder  
Evametaṁ gahaṭṭhānaṁ,  
This is how, for a householder,  

“Gahapatikā pana, bho gotama, kiṁadhippāyā, kiṁupavicārā, kiṁadhiṭṭhānā, kiṁabhinivesā, kiṁpariyosānā”ti?   “Householders, Master Gotama, have what as their ambition? What is their preoccupation? What are they dedicated to? What do they insist on? What is their ultimate goal?”  
“Gahapatikā kho, brāhmaṇa, bhogādhippāyā paññūpavicārā sippādhiṭṭhānā kammantābhinivesā niṭṭhitakammantapariyosānā”ti.  
“Householders have wealth as their ambition. They’re preoccupied with wisdom. They’re dedicated to their profession. They insist on work. Their ultimate goal is to complete their work.”  
Khattiyānampi bhavaṁ gotamo jānāti adhippāyañca upavicārañca adhiṭṭhānañca abhinivesañca pariyosānañca. Brāhmaṇānampi bhavaṁ gotamo jānāti …pe… gahapatīnampi bhavaṁ gotamo jānāti … itthīnampi bhavaṁ gotamo jānāti … corānampi bhavaṁ gotamo jānāti … samaṇānampi bhavaṁ gotamo jānāti adhippāyañca upavicārañca adhiṭṭhānañca abhinivesañca pariyosānañca.  
Master Gotama knows the ambition, preoccupation, dedication, insistence, and ultimate goal of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, women, bandits, and ascetics.  

Idhānanda, ekacco ucce kule paccājāto hoti—khattiyamahāsālakule vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakule vā gahapatimahāsālakule vā, aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe.   It’s when some person is reborn in an eminent family—a well-to-do family of aristocrats, brahmins, or householders—rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, and lots of money and grain.  

Atha kho dārukammiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho dārukammikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Dārukammika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him,  
“api nu te, gahapati, kule dānaṁ dīyatī”ti?  
“Householder, I wonder whether your family gives gifts?”  
“Dujjānaṁ kho etaṁ, gahapati, tayā gihinā kāmabhoginā puttasambādhasayanaṁ ajjhāvasantena, kāsikacandanaṁ paccanubhontena, mālāgandhavilepanaṁ dhārayantena, jātarūparajataṁ sādiyantena ime vā arahanto ime vā arahattamaggaṁ samāpannāti.  
“Householder, as a layman enjoying sensual pleasures, living at home with your children, using sandalwood imported from Kāsi, wearing garlands, fragrance, and makeup, and accepting gold and money, it’s hard for you to know who is perfected or on the path to perfection.  
Gahapaticīvaradharo cepi, gahapati, bhikkhu hoti uddhato unnaḷo capalo mukharo vikiṇṇavāco muṭṭhassati asampajāno asamāhito vibbhantacitto pākatindriyo.  
If a mendicant who wears robes offered by householders is restless, insolent, fickle, scurrilous, loose-tongued, unmindful, lacking situational awareness and immersion, with straying mind and undisciplined faculties,  
Gahapaticīvaradharo cepi, gahapati, bhikkhu hoti anuddhato anunnaḷo acapalo amukharo avikiṇṇavāco upaṭṭhitassati sampajāno samāhito ekaggacitto saṁvutindriyo.  
If a mendicant who wears robes offered by householders is not restless, insolent, fickle, scurrilous, or loose-tongued, but has established mindfulness, situational awareness and immersion, with unified mind and restrained faculties,  
Iṅgha tvaṁ, gahapati, saṅghe dānaṁ dehi.  
Go ahead, householder, give gifts to the Saṅgha.  
dānaṁ → dānāni (mr) 

“Chahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato tapusso gahapati tathāgate niṭṭhaṅgato amataddaso amataṁ sacchikatvā iriyati.   “Mendicants, having six qualities the householder Tapussa is certain about the Realized One, sees freedom from death and lives having realized freedom from death.  
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, chahi dhammehi samannāgato tapusso gahapati tathāgate niṭṭhaṅgato amataddaso amataṁ sacchikatvā iriyatī”ti.  
Having these six qualities the householder Tapussa is certain about the Realized One, sees freedom from death and lives having realized freedom from death.” 

“Chahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhalliko gahapati …pe…   “Mendicants, having six qualities the householders Bhallika …  

Rāgaggi, dosaggi, mohaggi, āhuneyyaggi, gahapataggi, dakkhiṇeyyaggi, kaṭṭhaggi—  The fires of greed, hate, delusion. The fire of those worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods. A householder’s fire. The fire of those worthy of a religious donation. And a wood fire.  

Āhuneyyaggi, gahapataggi, dakkhiṇeyyaggi.   The fire of those worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods. The fire of a householder. And the fire of those worthy of a religious donation.  
Katamo ca, brāhmaṇa, gahapataggi?  
And what is the fire of a householder?  
Idha, brāhmaṇa, yassa te honti puttāti vā dārāti vā dāsāti vā pessāti vā kammakarāti vā, ayaṁ vuccati, brāhmaṇa, gahapataggi.  
Your children, partners, bondservants, employees, and workers are called a householder’s fire.  

api ca kho passati gahapatiṁ vā gahapatiputtaṁ vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitaṁ samaṅgībhūtaṁ paricārayamānaṁ …pe….   they see a householder or their child amusing themselves, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation. …  
Napi passati gahapatiṁ vā gahapatiputtaṁ vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitaṁ samaṅgībhūtaṁ paricārayamānaṁ;  
They don’t see a householder or their child amusing themselves, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation.  

“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, sīha, ko nu kho yaṁyadeva parisaṁ upasaṅkameyya, yadi khattiyaparisaṁ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṁ yadi gahapatiparisaṁ yadi samaṇaparisaṁ visārado upasaṅkameyya amaṅkubhūto:   “Which do you think would enter any kind of assembly bold and assured, whether it’s an assembly of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics?”  
“Yo so, bhante, puriso assaddho maccharī kadariyo paribhāsako, kiṁ so yaṁyadeva parisaṁ upasaṅkamissati, yadi khattiyaparisaṁ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṁ yadi gahapatiparisaṁ yadi samaṇaparisaṁ visārado upasaṅkamissati amaṅkubhūto.  
“How could the person who is faithless, stingy, miserly, and abusive enter any kind of assembly bold and assured, whether it’s an assembly of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics?  
Yo ca kho so, bhante, puriso saddho dānapati anuppadānarato so yaṁyadeva parisaṁ upasaṅkameyya, yadi khattiyaparisaṁ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṁ yadi gahapatiparisaṁ yadi samaṇaparisaṁ visārado upasaṅkameyya amaṅkubhūto”.  
The faithful donor who loves charity would enter any kind of assembly bold and assured, whether it’s an assembly of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics.”  
Ahaṁ, bhante, dāyako dānapati yaṁyadeva parisaṁ upasaṅkamāmi, yadi khattiyaparisaṁ …pe… yadi samaṇaparisaṁ visārado upasaṅkamāmi amaṅkubhūto.  
I’m a giver, I enter any kind of assembly bold and assured, whether it’s an assembly of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics.  

Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi.   Then the Buddha robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, went to the home of the householder Anāthapiṇḍika, where he sat on the seat spread out.  
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:  
Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him,  
“Kiṁ nu te, gahapati, nivesane manussā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā kevaṭṭā maññe macchavilope”ti?  
“Householder, what’s with the people making that dreadful racket in your home? You’d think it was fishermen hauling in a catch!”  

Ye na sabbena sabbaṁ sāsanaṁ ājāniṁsu te kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā appekacce paranimmitavasavattīnaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjiṁsu, appekacce nimmānaratīnaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjiṁsu, appekacce tusitānaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjiṁsu, appekacce yāmānaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjiṁsu, appekacce tāvatiṁsānaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjiṁsu, appekacce cātumahārājikānaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjiṁsu, appekacce khattiyamahāsālānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjiṁsu, appekacce brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjiṁsu, appekacce gahapatimahāsālānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjiṁsu.   Of those who didn’t totally understand Sunetta’s teachings, some—when their body broke up, after death—were reborn in the company of the Gods Who Control the Creations of Others. Some were reborn in the company of the Gods Who Love to Create, some with the Joyful Gods, some with the Gods of Yāma, some with the Gods of the Thirty-Three, and some with the Gods of the Four Great Kings. Some were reborn in the company of well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders.  

‘ayaṁ khattiyaparisā, ayaṁ brāhmaṇaparisā, ayaṁ gahapatiparisā, ayaṁ samaṇaparisā.   ‘This is an assembly of aristocrats, of brahmins, of householders, or of ascetics.  

katamaṁ nu kho varaṁ—yaṁ amuṁ mahantaṁ aggikkhandhaṁ ādittaṁ sampajjalitaṁ sajotibhūtaṁ āliṅgetvā upanisīdeyya vā upanipajjeyya vā, yaṁ vā khattiyakaññaṁ vā brāhmaṇakaññaṁ vā gahapatikaññaṁ vā mudutalunahatthapādaṁ āliṅgetvā upanisīdeyya vā upanipajjeyya vā”ti?   Which is better—to sit or lie down embracing that bonfire? Or to sit or lie down embracing a girl of the aristocrats or brahmins or householders with soft and tender hands and feet?”  
“Etadeva, bhante, varaṁ—yaṁ khattiyakaññaṁ vā brāhmaṇakaññaṁ vā gahapatikaññaṁ vā mudutalunahatthapādaṁ āliṅgetvā upanisīdeyya vā upanipajjeyya vā, dukkhañhetaṁ, bhante, yaṁ amuṁ mahantaṁ aggikkhandhaṁ ādittaṁ sampajjalitaṁ sajotibhūtaṁ āliṅgetvā upanisīdeyya vā upanipajjeyya vā”ti.  
“Sir, it would be much better to sit or lie down embracing a girl of the aristocrats or brahmins or householders with soft and tender hands and feet. For it would be painful to sit or lie down embracing that bonfire.”  
Yañca kho so, bhikkhave, dussīlo pāpadhammo asucisaṅkassarasamācāro …pe… kasambujāto khattiyakaññaṁ vā brāhmaṇakaññaṁ vā gahapatikaññaṁ vā mudutalunahatthapādaṁ āliṅgetvā upanisīdati vā upanipajjati vā, tañhi tassa, bhikkhave, hoti dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati.  
But when such an unethical man sits or lies down embracing a girl of the aristocrats or brahmins or householders with soft and tender hands and feet, that brings him lasting harm and suffering. When his body breaks up, after death, he’s reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.  
tañhi tassa → taṁ hissa (pts1ed, mr)  
katamaṁ nu kho varaṁ—yaṁ balavā puriso daḷhāya vālarajjuyā ubho jaṅghā veṭhetvā ghaṁseyya—sā chaviṁ chindeyya chaviṁ chetvā cammaṁ chindeyya cammaṁ chetvā maṁsaṁ chindeyya maṁsaṁ chetvā nhāruṁ chindeyya nhāruṁ chetvā aṭṭhiṁ chindeyya aṭṭhiṁ chetvā aṭṭhimiñjaṁ āhacca tiṭṭheyya, yaṁ vā khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā abhivādanaṁ sādiyeyyā”ti?  
Which is better—to have a strong man twist a tough horse-hair rope around both shins and tighten it so that it cuts through your outer skin, your inner skin, your flesh, sinews, and bones, until it reaches your marrow and keeps pushing? Or to consent to well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders bowing down to you?”  
“Etadeva, bhante, varaṁ—yaṁ khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā abhivādanaṁ sādiyeyya, dukkhañhetaṁ, bhante, yaṁ balavā puriso daḷhāya vālarajjuyā …pe… aṭṭhimiñjaṁ āhacca tiṭṭheyyā”ti.  
“Sir, it would be much better to consent to well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders bowing down. For it would be painful to have a strong man twist a tough horse-hair rope around your shins and tighten it so that it cut through the outer skin until it reached the marrow and kept pushing.”  
Yañca kho so, bhikkhave, dussīlo …pe… kasambujāto khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā abhivādanaṁ sādiyati, tañhi tassa, bhikkhave, hoti dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati.  
But when such an unethical man consents to well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders bowing down, that brings him lasting harm and suffering. When his body breaks up, after death, he’s reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.  
katamaṁ nu kho varaṁ—yaṁ balavā puriso tiṇhāya sattiyā teladhotāya paccorasmiṁ pahareyya, yaṁ vā khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā añjalikammaṁ sādiyeyyā”ti?  
Which is better—to have a strong man stab you in the chest with a sharp, oiled sword? Or to consent to well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders revering you with joined palms?”  
“Etadeva, bhante, varaṁ—yaṁ khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā añjalikammaṁ sādiyeyya, dukkhañhetaṁ, bhante, yaṁ balavā puriso tiṇhāya sattiyā teladhotāya paccorasmiṁ pahareyyā”ti.  
“Sir, it would be much better to consent to well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders revering you with joined palms. For it would be painful to have a strong man stab you in the chest with a sharp, oiled sword.”  
Yañca kho so, bhikkhave, dussīlo pāpadhammo …pe… kasambujāto khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā añjalikammaṁ sādiyati, tañhi tassa, bhikkhave, hoti dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati.  
But when such an unethical man consents to well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders revering him with joined palms, that brings him lasting harm and suffering. When his body breaks up, after death, he’s reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.  
katamaṁ nu kho varaṁ—yaṁ balavā puriso tattena ayopaṭṭena ādittena sampajjalitena sajotibhūtena kāyaṁ sampaliveṭheyya, yaṁ vā khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā saddhādeyyaṁ cīvaraṁ paribhuñjeyyā”ti?  
Which is better—to have a strong man wrap you up in a red-hot sheet of iron, burning, blazing, and glowing? Or to enjoy the use of a robe given in faith by well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders?”  
“Etadeva, bhante, varaṁ—yaṁ khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā …pe…  
“Sir, it would be much better to enjoy the use of a robe given in faith by well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders.  
Yañca kho so, bhikkhave, dussīlo …pe… kasambujāto khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā saddhādeyyaṁ cīvaraṁ paribhuñjati, tañhi tassa, bhikkhave, hoti dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati.  
But when such an unethical man enjoys the use of a robe given in faith by well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders, that brings him lasting harm and suffering. When his body breaks up, after death, he’s reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.  
katamaṁ nu kho varaṁ—yaṁ balavā puriso tattena ayosaṅkunā mukhaṁ vivaritvā tattaṁ lohaguḷaṁ ādittaṁ sampajjalitaṁ sajotibhūtaṁ mukhe pakkhipeyya—taṁ tassa oṭṭhampi daheyya mukhampi daheyya jivhampi daheyya kaṇṭhampi daheyya urampi daheyya antampi antaguṇampi ādāya adhobhāgā nikkhameyya, yaṁ vā khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā saddhādeyyaṁ piṇḍapātaṁ paribhuñjeyyā”ti?  
Which is better—to have a strong man force your mouth open with a hot iron spike and shove in a red-hot copper ball, burning, blazing, and glowing, that burns your lips, mouth, tongue, throat, and stomach before coming out below dragging your entrails? Or to enjoy almsfood given in faith by well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders?”  
daheyya → ḍaheyya (katthaci)  
“Etadeva, bhante, varaṁ—yaṁ khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā saddhādeyyaṁ piṇḍapātaṁ paribhuñjeyya, dukkhañhetaṁ, bhante, yaṁ balavā puriso tattena ayosaṅkunā mukhaṁ vivaritvā tattaṁ lohaguḷaṁ ādittaṁ sampajjalitaṁ sajotibhūtaṁ mukhe pakkhipeyya—taṁ tassa oṭṭhampi daheyya mukhampi daheyya jivhampi daheyya kaṇṭhampi daheyya urampi daheyya antampi antaguṇampi ādāya adhobhāgaṁ nikkhameyyā”ti.  
“Sir, it would be much better to enjoy almsfood given in faith by well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders. For it would be painful to have a strong man force your mouth open with a hot iron spike and shove in a red-hot copper ball, burning, blazing, and glowing, that burns your lips, mouth, tongue, throat, and stomach before coming out below dragging your entrails.”  
Yañca kho so, bhikkhave, dussīlo pāpadhammo …pe… kasambujāto khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā saddhādeyyaṁ piṇḍapātaṁ paribhuñjati, tañhi tassa hoti dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati.  
But when such an unethical man enjoy almsfood given in faith by well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders, that brings him lasting harm and suffering. When his body breaks up, after death, he’s reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.  
katamaṁ nu kho varaṁ—yaṁ balavā puriso sīse vā gahetvā khandhe vā gahetvā tattaṁ ayomañcaṁ vā ayopīṭhaṁ vā abhinisīdāpeyya vā abhinipajjāpeyya vā, yaṁ vā khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā saddhādeyyaṁ mañcapīṭhaṁ paribhuñjeyyā”ti?  
Which is better—to have a strong man grab you by the head or shoulders and make you sit or lie down on red-hot iron bed or seat? Or to enjoy the use of beds and chairs given in faith by well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders?”  
mañcapīṭhaṁ → mañcaṁ vā pīṭhaṁ vā (mr)  
“Etadeva, bhante, varaṁ—yaṁ khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā saddhādeyyaṁ mañcapīṭhaṁ paribhuñjeyya, dukkhañhetaṁ, bhante, yaṁ balavā puriso sīse vā gahetvā khandhe vā gahetvā tattaṁ ayomañcaṁ vā ayopīṭhaṁ vā abhinisīdāpeyya vā abhinipajjāpeyya vā”ti.  
“Sir, it would be much better to enjoy the use of beds and chairs given in faith by well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders. For it would be painful to have a strong man grab you by the head or shoulders and make you sit or lie down on a red-hot iron bed or seat.”  
Yañca kho so, bhikkhave, dussīlo pāpadhammo …pe… kasambujāto khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā saddhādeyyaṁ mañcapīṭhaṁ paribhuñjati. Tañhi tassa, bhikkhave, hoti dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati.  
But when such an unethical man enjoys the use of beds and seats given in faith by well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders, that brings him lasting harm and suffering. When his body breaks up, after death, he’s reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.  
katamaṁ nu kho varaṁ—yaṁ balavā puriso uddhampādaṁ adhosiraṁ gahetvā tattāya lohakumbhiyā pakkhipeyya ādittāya sampajjalitāya sajotibhūtāya—so tattha pheṇuddehakaṁ paccamāno sakimpi uddhaṁ gaccheyya sakimpi adho gaccheyya sakimpi tiriyaṁ gaccheyya, yaṁ vā khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā saddhādeyyaṁ vihāraṁ paribhuñjeyyā”ti?  
Which is better—to have a strong man grab you, turn you upside down, and shove you in a red-hot copper pot, burning, blazing, and glowing, where you’re seared in boiling scum, and swept up and down and round and round. Or to enjoy the use of dwellings given in faith by well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders?”  
“Etadeva, bhante, varaṁ—yaṁ khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā saddhādeyyaṁ vihāraṁ paribhuñjeyya, dukkhañhetaṁ, bhante, yaṁ balavā puriso uddhampādaṁ adhosiraṁ gahetvā tattāya lohakumbhiyā pakkhipeyya ādittāya sampajjalitāya sajotibhūtāya—so tattha pheṇuddehakaṁ paccamāno sakimpi uddhaṁ gaccheyya sakimpi adho gaccheyya sakimpi tiriyaṁ gaccheyyā”ti.  
“Sir, it would be much better to enjoy the use of dwellings given in faith by well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders. For it would be painful to have a strong man grab you, turn you upside down, and shove you in a red-hot copper pot, burning, blazing, and glowing, where you’re seared in boiling scum, and swept up and down and round and round.”  
Yañca kho so, bhikkhave, dussīlo pāpadhammo …pe… kasambujāto khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā saddhādeyyaṁ vihāraṁ paribhuñjati. Tañhi tassa, bhikkhave, hoti dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati.  
But when such an unethical man enjoys the use of dwellings given in faith by well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders, that brings him lasting harm and suffering. When his body breaks up, after death, he’s reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.  

3. Gahapativagga   3. Householders  
“aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, acchariyehi abbhutehi dhammehi samannāgataṁ uggaṁ gahapatiṁ vesālikaṁ dhārethā”ti.  
“Mendicants, you should remember the householder Ugga of Vesālī as someone who has eight amazing and incredible qualities.”  
abbhutehi dhammehi → abbhutadhammehi (sya-all, mr)  
Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena uggassa gahapatino vesālikassa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi.  
Then a certain mendicant robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, went to the home of the householder Ugga of Vesālī, where he sat on the seat spread out.  
“Aṭṭhahi kho tvaṁ, gahapati, acchariyehi abbhutehi dhammehi samannāgato bhagavatā byākato.  
“Householder, the Buddha declared that you have eight amazing and incredible qualities.  
“Evaṁ, gahapatī”ti kho so bhikkhu uggassa gahapatino vesālikassa paccassosi.  
“Yes, householder,” replied the mendicant.  
‘svākkhāto, gahapati, bhagavatā dhammo’ti.  
‘Householder, the Buddha’s teaching is well explained!’  
Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho so bhikkhu yāvatako ahosi uggena gahapatinā vesālikena saddhiṁ kathāsallāpo, taṁ sabbaṁ bhagavato ārocesi.  
He informed the Buddha of all he had discussed with the householder Ugga of Vesālī. The Buddha said:  
Yathā taṁ uggo gahapati vesāliko sammā byākaramāno byākareyya, imeheva kho, bhikkhu, aṭṭhahi acchariyehi abbhutehi dhammehi samannāgato uggo gahapati vesāliko mayā byākato.  
When I declared that the householder Ugga of Vesālī was someone who has eight amazing and incredible qualities, I was referring to the same eight qualities that he rightly explained to you.  
Imehi ca pana, bhikkhu, aṭṭhahi acchariyehi abbhutehi dhammehi samannāgataṁ uggaṁ gahapatiṁ vesālikaṁ dhārehī”ti.  
You should remember the householder Ugga of Vesālī as someone who has these eight amazing and incredible qualities.” 

3. Gahapativagga   3. Householders  
“aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, acchariyehi abbhutehi dhammehi samannāgataṁ uggaṁ gahapatiṁ hatthigāmakaṁ dhārethā”ti.  
“Mendicants, you should remember the householder Ugga of Elephant Village as someone who has eight amazing and incredible qualities.”  
Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena uggassa gahapatino hatthigāmakassa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi.  
Then a certain mendicant robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, went to the home of the householder Ugga of Elephant Village, where he sat on the seat spread out.  
“aṭṭhahi kho tvaṁ, gahapati, acchariyehi abbhutehi dhammehi samannāgato bhagavatā byākato.  
“Householder, the Buddha declared that you have eight amazing and incredible qualities.  
“Evaṁ, gahapatī”ti kho so bhikkhu uggassa gahapatino hatthigāmakassa paccassosi.  
“Yes, householder,” replied the mendicant.  
‘asuko, gahapati, bhikkhu ubhatobhāgavimutto asuko paññāvimutto asuko kāyasakkhī asuko diṭṭhippatto asuko saddhāvimutto asuko dhammānusārī asuko saddhānusārī asuko sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo asuko dussīlo pāpadhammo’ti.  
‘Householder, that mendicant is freed both ways. That one is freed by wisdom. That one is a direct witness. That one is attained to view. That one is freed by faith. That one is a follower of teachings. That one is a follower by faith. That one is ethical, of good character. That one is unethical, of bad character.’  
diṭṭhippatto → diṭṭhappatto (mr)  
‘svākkhāto, gahapati, bhagavatā dhammo’ti.  
‘Householder, the Buddha’s teaching is well explained!’  
‘natthi taṁ saṁyojanaṁ yena saṁyutto uggo gahapati hatthigāmako puna imaṁ lokaṁ āgaccheyyā’ti.  
‘The householder Ugga of Elephant Village is bound by no fetter that might return him to this world.’  
Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho so bhikkhu yāvatako ahosi uggena gahapatinā hatthigāmakena saddhiṁ kathāsallāpo, taṁ sabbaṁ bhagavato ārocesi.  
He informed the Buddha of all he had discussed with the householder Ugga of Elephant Village. The Buddha said:  
Yathā taṁ uggo gahapati hatthigāmako sammā byākaramāno byākareyya, imeheva kho, bhikkhu, aṭṭhahi acchariyehi abbhutehi dhammehi samannāgato uggo gahapati hatthigāmako mayā byākato.  
When I declared that the householder Ugga of Elephant Village was someone who has eight amazing and incredible qualities, I was referring to the same eight qualities that he rightly explained to you.  
Imehi ca pana, bhikkhu, aṭṭhahi acchariyehi abbhutehi dhammehi samannāgataṁ uggaṁ gahapatiṁ hatthigāmakaṁ dhārehī”ti.  
You should remember the householder Ugga of Elephant Village as someone who has these eight amazing and incredible qualities.” 

3. Gahapativagga   3. Householders  
“sattahi, bhikkhave, acchariyehi abbhutehi dhammehi samannāgataṁ hatthakaṁ āḷavakaṁ dhāretha.  
“Mendicants, you should remember the householder Hatthaka of Āḷavī as someone who has seven amazing and incredible qualities.  
imehi kho, bhikkhave, sattahi acchariyehi abbhutehi dhammehi samannāgataṁ hatthakaṁ āḷavakaṁ dhārethā”ti.  
You should remember the householder Hatthaka of Āḷavī as someone who has these seven amazing and incredible qualities.”  
Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena hatthakassa āḷavakassa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi.  
Then a certain mendicant robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, went to the home of the householder Hatthaka of Āḷavī, where he sat on the seat spread out.  
“Sattahi kho tvaṁ, āvuso, acchariyehi abbhutehi dhammehi samannāgato bhagavatā byākato.  
“Householder, the Buddha declared that you have seven amazing and incredible qualities.  
Atha kho so bhikkhu pacchābhattaṁ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:  
Then after the meal, on his return from almsround, he went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him of what he had discussed with the householder Hatthaka. The Buddha said:  
Tena hi tvaṁ, bhikkhu, imināpi aṭṭhamena acchariyena abbhutena dhammena samannāgataṁ hatthakaṁ āḷavakaṁ dhārehi, yadidaṁ appicchatāyā”ti.  
Well then, mendicant, you should remember the householder Hatthaka of Āḷavī as someone who has this eighth amazing and incredible quality, that is, fewness of wishes.” 

3. Gahapativagga   3. Householders  
Atha kho hatthako āḷavako pañcamattehi upāsakasatehi parivuto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho hatthakaṁ āḷavakaṁ bhagavā etadavoca:  
Then the householder Hatthaka of Āḷavī, escorted by around five hundred lay followers, went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to Hatthaka:  
“aṭṭhahi, bhikkhave, acchariyehi abbhutehi dhammehi samannāgataṁ hatthakaṁ āḷavakaṁ dhāretha.  
“Mendicants, you should remember the householder Hatthaka of Āḷavī as someone who has eight amazing and incredible qualities.  
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahi acchariyehi abbhutehi dhammehi samannāgataṁ hatthakaṁ āḷavakaṁ dhārethā”ti.  
You should remember the householder Hatthaka of Āḷavī as someone who has these eight amazing and incredible qualities.” 

3. Gahapativagga   3. Householders  

3. Gahapativagga   3. Householders  

3. Gahapativagga   3. Householders  

3. Gahapativagga   3. Householders  

3. Gahapativagga   3. Householders  

3. Gahapativagga   3. Householders  
Yato kho tvaṁ, anuruddha, ime ca aṭṭha mahāpurisavitakke vitakkessasi, imesañca catunnaṁ jhānānaṁ ābhicetasikānaṁ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṁ nikāmalābhī bhavissasi akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, tato tuyhaṁ, anuruddha, seyyathāpi nāma gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā nānārattānaṁ dussānaṁ dussakaraṇḍako pūro;  
First you’ll reflect on these eight thoughts of a great man, and you’ll get the four absorptions—blissful meditations in the present life that belong to the higher mind—when you want, without trouble or difficulty. Then as you live contented your rag robe will seem to you like a chest full of garments of different colors seems to a householder or householder’s child.  
Yato kho tvaṁ, anuruddha, ime ca aṭṭha mahāpurisavitakke vitakkessasi, imesañca catunnaṁ jhānānaṁ ābhicetasikānaṁ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṁ nikāmalābhī bhavissasi akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, tato tuyhaṁ, anuruddha, seyyathāpi nāma gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā sālīnaṁ odano vicitakāḷako anekasūpo anekabyañjano;  
As you live contented your scraps of almsfood will seem to you like boiled fine rice with the dark grains picked out, served with many soups and sauces seems to a householder or householder’s child.  
Yato kho tvaṁ, anuruddha, ime ca aṭṭha mahāpurisavitakke vitakkessasi, imesañca catunnaṁ jhānānaṁ ābhicetasikānaṁ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṁ nikāmalābhī bhavissasi akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, tato tuyhaṁ, anuruddha, seyyathāpi nāma gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā kūṭāgāraṁ ullittāvalittaṁ nivātaṁ phusitaggaḷaṁ pihitavātapānaṁ;  
As you live contented your lodging at the root of a tree will seem to you like a bungalow, plastered inside and out, draft-free, with latches fastened and windows shuttered seems to a householder or householder’s child.  
Yato kho tvaṁ, anuruddha, ime ca aṭṭha mahāpurisavitakke vitakkessasi, imesañca catunnaṁ jhānānaṁ ābhicetasikānaṁ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṁ nikāmalābhī bhavissasi akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, tato tuyhaṁ, anuruddha, seyyathāpi nāma gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā pallaṅko gonakatthato paṭikatthato paṭalikatthato kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇo sauttaracchado ubhatolohitakūpadhāno;  
As you live contented your lodging at the root of a tree will seem to you like a couch spread with woolen covers—shag-piled, pure white, or embroidered with flowers—and spread with a fine deer hide, with a canopy above and red pillows at both ends seems to a householder or householder’s child.  
kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇo → kādali … paccattharaṇo (bj)  
Yato kho tvaṁ, anuruddha, ime ca aṭṭha mahāpurisavitakke vitakkessasi, imesañca catunnaṁ jhānānaṁ ābhicetasikānaṁ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṁ nikāmalābhī bhavissasi akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, tato tuyhaṁ, anuruddha, seyyathāpi nāma gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā nānābhesajjāni, seyyathidaṁ—sappi navanītaṁ telaṁ madhu phāṇitaṁ;  
As you live contented your rancid urine as medicine will seem to you like various medicines—ghee, butter, oil, honey, and molasses—seem to a householder or householder’s child.  

So passati khattiyamahāsāle vā brāhmaṇamahāsāle vā gahapatimahāsāle vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappite samaṅgībhūte paricārayamāne.   They see a well-to-do aristocrat or brahmin or householder amusing themselves, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation.  
‘aho vatāhaṁ kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā sahabyataṁ upapajjeyyan’ti.  
‘If only, when my body breaks up, after death, I would be reborn in the company of well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders!’  
Kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā sahabyataṁ upapajjati.  
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in the company of well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders.  

Idha, byagghapajja, kulaputto yasmiṁ gāme vā nigame vā paṭivasati, tattha ye te honti—gahapatī vā gahapatiputtā vā daharā vā vuddhasīlino, vuddhā vā vuddhasīlino, saddhāsampannā, sīlasampannā, cāgasampannā, paññāsampannā—tehi saddhiṁ santiṭṭhati sallapati sākacchaṁ samāpajjati; yathārūpānaṁ saddhāsampannānaṁ saddhāsampadaṁ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṁ sīlasampannānaṁ sīlasampadaṁ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṁ cāgasampannānaṁ cāgasampadaṁ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṁ paññāsampannānaṁ paññāsampadaṁ anusikkhati.   It’s when a gentleman resides in a town or village. And in that place there are householders or their children who may be young or old, but are mature in conduct, accomplished in faith, ethics, generosity, and wisdom. He associates with them, converses and engages in discussion. And he emulates the same kind of accomplishment in faith, ethics, generosity, and wisdom.  
saddhassa gharamesino;  
of a faithful householder  
Evametaṁ gahaṭṭhānaṁ,  
This is how, for a householder,  

Idha, brāhmaṇa, kulaputto yasmiṁ gāme vā nigame vā paṭivasati tatra ye te honti—gahapatī vā gahapatiputtā vā daharā vā vuddhasīlino, vuddhā vā vuddhasīlino, saddhāsampannā, sīlasampannā, cāgasampannā, paññāsampannā—tehi saddhiṁ santiṭṭhati sallapati sākacchaṁ samāpajjati; yathārūpānaṁ saddhāsampannānaṁ saddhāsampadaṁ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṁ sīlasampannānaṁ sīlasampadaṁ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṁ cāgasampannānaṁ cāgasampadaṁ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṁ paññāsampannānaṁ paññāsampadaṁ anusikkhati.   It’s when a gentleman resides in a town or village. And in that place there are householders or their children who may be young or old, but are mature in conduct, accomplished in faith, ethics, generosity, and wisdom. He associates with them, converses and engages in discussion. And he emulates the same kind of accomplishment in faith, ethics, generosity, and wisdom.  
saddhassa gharamesino;  
of a faithful householder  
Evametaṁ gahaṭṭhānaṁ,  
This is how, for a householder,  

Khattiyaparisā, brāhmaṇaparisā, gahapatiparisā, samaṇaparisā, cātumahārājikaparisā, tāvatiṁsaparisā, māraparisā, brahmaparisā.   The assemblies of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and ascetics. An assembly of the gods under the Four Great Kings. An assembly of the gods under the Thirty-Three. An assembly of Māras. An assembly of Brahmās.  
gahapatiparisaṁ …  
householders …  

saddhassa gharamesino;   of a faithful householder  
Evametaṁ gahaṭṭhānaṁ,  
This is how, for a householder,  

Idha, bhikkhave, kulaputto yasmiṁ gāme vā nigame vā paṭivasati, tattha ye te honti gahapatī vā gahapatiputtā vā daharā vā vuddhasīlino vuddhā vā vuddhasīlino saddhāsampannā sīlasampannā cāgasampannā paññāsampannā, tehi saddhiṁ santiṭṭhati sallapati sākacchaṁ samāpajjati; yathārūpānaṁ saddhāsampannānaṁ saddhāsampadaṁ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṁ sīlasampannānaṁ sīlasampadaṁ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṁ cāgasampannānaṁ cāgasampadaṁ anusikkhati, yathārūpānaṁ paññāsampannānaṁ paññāsampadaṁ anusikkhati.   It’s when a gentleman resides in a town or village. And in that place there are householders or their children who may be young or old, but are mature in conduct, accomplished in faith, ethics, generosity, and wisdom. He associates with them, converses and engages in discussion. And he emulates the same kind of accomplishment in faith, ethics, generosity, and wisdom.  
saddhassa gharamesino;  
of a faithful householder  
Evametaṁ gahaṭṭhānaṁ,  
This is how, for a householder,  

Assosuṁ kho icchānaṅgalakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:   The brahmins and householders of Icchānaṅgala heard:  
“Ete, bhante, icchānaṅgalakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā pahutaṁ khādanīyaṁ bhojanīyaṁ ādāya bahidvārakoṭṭhake ṭhitā bhagavantaṁyeva uddissa bhikkhusaṅghañcā”ti.  
“Sir, it’s these brahmins and householders of Icchānaṅgala. They’ve brought abundant fresh and cooked foods, and they’re standing outside the gates wanting to offer it specially to the Buddha and the mendicant Saṅgha.”  
Yena yeneva dāni, bhante, bhagavā gamissati tanninnāva bhavissanti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca.  
Wherever the Buddha now goes, the brahmins and householders will incline the same way, as will the people of town and country.  
evamevaṁ kho, bhante, yena yeneva dāni bhagavā gamissati tanninnāva bhavissanti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca.  
In the same way, wherever the Buddha now goes, the brahmins and householders will incline the same way, as will the people of town and country.  

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him,  
“Api nu te, gahapati, kule dānaṁ dīyatī”ti?  
“Householder, I wonder whether your family gives gifts?”  
“Lūkhañcepi, gahapati, dānaṁ deti paṇītaṁ vā;  
“Householder, someone might give a gift that’s either coarse or fine.  
Lūkhañcepi → lūkhaṁ vāpi (sya-all); lūkhañcāpi (mr)  
Bhūtapubbaṁ, gahapati, velāmo nāma brāhmaṇo ahosi.  
Once upon a time, householder, there was a brahmin named Velāma.  
Siyā kho pana te, gahapati, evamassa:  
Householder, you might think:  

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him:  
“Yato kho, gahapati, ariyasāvakassa pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti, catūhi ca sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṁ byākareyya:  
“Householder, when a noble disciple has quelled five dangers and threats, and has the four factors of stream-entry, they may, if they wish, declare of themselves:  

Tapussasutta   With the Householder Tapussa  
Tapussasutta → tapussagahapatisuttaṁ (bj)  
Atha kho tapusso gahapati yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho tapusso gahapati āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etadavoca:  
The householder Tapussa went up to Venerable Ānanda, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him:  
“Atthi kho etaṁ, gahapati, kathāpābhataṁ bhagavantaṁ dassanāya.  
“Householder, we should see the Buddha about this matter.  

Idha, bhikkhave, ijjhati gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā dhanena vā dhaññena vā rajatena vā jātarūpena vā.   It’s when a householder or their child is prospering in money, grain, silver, or gold.  
‘aho vatimassa gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā na ijjheyya dhanena vā dhaññena vā rajatena vā jātarūpena vā’ti.  
‘Oh, may that householder or their child not prosper in money, grain, silver, or gold!’  

“Sādhu sādhu, gahapatayo.   “Good, good, householders.  

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. Seated to one side, the Buddha said to the householder Anāthapiṇḍika:  

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him:  
“Yato, kho, gahapati, ariyasāvakassa pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti, catūhi ca sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, ariyo cassa ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṁ byākareyya:  
“Householder, when a noble disciple has quelled five dangers and threats, has the four factors of stream-entry, and has clearly seen and comprehended the noble system with wisdom, they may, if they wish, declare of themselves:  

Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati divā divassa sāvatthiyā nikkhami bhagavantaṁ dassanāya.   Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika left Sāvatthī in the middle of the day to see the Buddha.  
Ayaṁ anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati ārāmaṁ āgacchati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvako.  
The householder Anāthapiṇḍika, a disciple of the ascetic Gotama, is coming into our monastery.  
“vadehi, gahapati, kiṁdiṭṭhiko samaṇo gotamo”ti?  
“Tell us, householder, what is the view of the ascetic Gotama?”  
vadehi, gahapati, kiṁdiṭṭhikosi tuvan”ti?  
tell us, householder, what is your view?”  
evaṁdiṭṭhiko ahaṁ, gahapatī”ti.  
That’s my view, householder.”  
evaṁdiṭṭhiko ahaṁ, gahapatī”ti.  
That’s my view, householder.”  
evaṁdiṭṭhiko ahaṁ, gahapatī”ti.  
That’s my view, householder.”  
evaṁdiṭṭhiko ahaṁ, gahapatī’ti,  
That’s my view, householder.’  
evaṁdiṭṭhiko ahaṁ, gahapatī’ti,  
That’s my view, householder.’  
evaṁdiṭṭhiko ahaṁ, gahapatī’ti,  
That’s my view, householder.’  
“byākatāni kho, gahapati, amhehi sabbeheva yathāsakāni diṭṭhigatāni.  
“Householder, we’ve each explained our own convictions.  
Vadehi, gahapati, kiṁdiṭṭhikosi tuvan”ti?  
Tell us, householder, what is your view?”  
“Yaṁ kho, gahapati, kiñci bhūtaṁ saṅkhataṁ cetayitaṁ paṭiccasamuppannaṁ tadaniccaṁ.  
“Householder, anything that is created, conditioned, chosen, and dependently originated is impermanent.  
“Sādhu sādhu, gahapati.  
“Good, good, householder!  
Atha kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṁsesi.  
Then the Buddha educated, encouraged, fired up, and inspired the householder Anāthapiṇḍika with a Dhamma talk,  
“yopi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vassasatupasampanno imasmiṁ dhammavinaye, sopi evamevaṁ aññatitthiye paribbājake sahadhammena suniggahitaṁ niggaṇheyya yathā taṁ anāthapiṇḍikena gahapatinā niggahitā”ti.  
“Mendicants, even a mendicant who has ordained for a hundred years in this teaching and training would legitimately and completely refute those wanderers of other religions just as the householder Anāthapiṇḍika did.” 
bhikkhu vassasatupasampanno → bhikkhu dīgharattaṁ avedhidhammo (sya-all) 

Atha kho vajjiyamāhito gahapati divā divassa campāya nikkhami bhagavantaṁ dassanāya.   Then the householder Vajjiyamāhita left Sāvatthī in the middle of the day to see the Buddha.  
Ayaṁ vajjiyamāhito gahapati āgacchati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvako.  
The householder Vajjiyamāhita, a disciple of the ascetic Gotama, is coming into our monastery.  
“saccaṁ kira, gahapati, samaṇo gotamo sabbaṁ tapaṁ garahati, sabbaṁ tapassiṁ lūkhājīviṁ ekaṁsena upakkosati upavadatī”ti?  
“Is it really true, householder? Does the ascetic Gotama criticize all forms of mortification? Does he categorically condemn and denounce those fervent mortifiers who live rough?”  
“āgamehi tvaṁ, gahapati, yassa tvaṁ samaṇassa gotamassa vaṇṇaṁ bhāsati, samaṇo gotamo venayiko appaññattiko”ti?  
“Hold on, householder! That ascetic Gotama who you praise is an exterminator who refrains from making statements.”  
“Sādhu sādhu, gahapati.  
“Good, good, householder!  
Nāhaṁ, gahapati, sabbaṁ tapaṁ tapitabbanti vadāmi;  
Householder, I don’t say that all mortifications should be undergone.  
“yopi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dīgharattaṁ apparajakkho imasmiṁ dhammavinaye, sopi evamevaṁ aññatitthiye paribbājake sahadhammena suniggahitaṁ niggaṇheyya yathā taṁ vajjiyamāhitena gahapatinā niggahitā”ti.  
“Mendicants, even a mendicant who for a long time has had little dust in their eye in this teaching and training would legitimately and completely refute those wanderers of other religions just as the householder Vajjiyamāhita did.” 

Taṁ dhammaṁ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṁ vā kule paccājāto.   A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in a good family.  

ye vā ekantasukhā saggā yāni vā pana tāni uccākulāni khattiyamahāsālakulāni vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakulāni vā gahapatimahāsālakulāni vā aḍḍhāni mahaddhanāni mahābhogāni pahūtajātarūparajatāni pahūtavittūpakaraṇāni pahūtadhanadhaññāni.   in a heaven of perfect happiness, or in an eminent well-to-do family of aristocrats, brahmins, or householders—rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, and lots of money and grain.  
ye vā ekantasukhā saggā yāni vā pana tāni uccākulāni khattiyamahāsālakulāni vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakulāni vā gahapatimahāsālakulāni vā aḍḍhāni mahaddhanāni mahābhogāni pahūtajātarūparajatāni pahūtavittūpakaraṇāni pahūtadhanadhaññāni.  
in a heaven of perfect happiness, or in an eminent well-to-do family of aristocrats, brahmins, or householders—rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, and lots of money and grain.  

Tena kho pana samayena dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputtaṁ anuppatto hoti kenacideva karaṇīyena.   Now at that time the householder Dasama, a wealthy citizen, had arrived at Pāṭaliputta on some business.  
“Eso, gahapati, āyasmā ānando vesāliyaṁ viharati beluvagāmake”ti.  
“Householder, Venerable Ānanda is staying near Vesālī in the little village of Beluva.”  
Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputte taṁ karaṇīyaṁ tīretvā yena vesālī beluvagāmako yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etadavoca:  
Then the householder Dasama, having concluded his business there, went to the little village of Beluva in Vesālī to see Ānanda. He bowed, sat down to one side, and said to Ānanda:  
“Atthi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo sammadakkhāto, yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttaṁ vā cittaṁ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā vā āsavā parikkhayaṁ gacchanti, ananuppattaṁ vā anuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ anupāpuṇātī”ti.  
“There is, householder.”  
“Idha, gahapati, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṁ savicāraṁ vivekajaṁ pītisukhaṁ paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.  
“Householder, it’s when a mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected.  
Evaṁ vutte dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etadavoca:  
When he said this, the householder Dasama said to Venerable Ānanda:  
Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro vesālikañca pāṭaliputtakañca bhikkhusaṅghaṁ sannipātāpetvā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi.  
Then the householder Dasama, having assembled the Saṅgha from Vesālī and Pāṭaliputta, served and satisfied them with his own hands with delicious fresh and cooked foods.  

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṁ saddhā gahapatikā abhihaṭṭhuṁ pavārenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi. Tatra bhikkhu mattaṁ na jānāti paṭiggahaṇāya.   It’s when a mendicant is invited by a householder to accept robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick. But they don’t know moderation in accepting.  
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saddhā gahapatikā abhihaṭṭhuṁ pavārenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi.  
It’s when a mendicant is invited by a householder to accept robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick.  

seyyathidaṁ—raññaṁ, rājamahāmattānaṁ, khattiyānaṁ, brāhmaṇānaṁ, gahapatikānaṁ, kumārānaṁ “idha gaccha, amutrāgaccha, idaṁ hara, amutra idaṁ āharā”ti   This includes running errands for rulers, ministers, aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or princes who say: “Go here, go there. Take this, bring that from there.”  

idha te assa puriso kassako gahapatiko karakārako rāsivaḍḍhako.   Suppose you had a person who was a farmer, a householder, a hard worker, someone who builds up their capital.  
Ahaṁ panamhissa kassako gahapatiko karakārako rāsivaḍḍhako.  
Whereas I’m a farmer, a householder, a hard worker, someone who builds up their capital.  
‘etu me, bho, so puriso, punadeva hotu kassako gahapatiko karakārako rāsivaḍḍhako’”ti?  
‘Bring that person to me! Let them once more be a farmer, a householder, a hard worker, someone who builds up their capital’?”  
Taṁ dhammaṁ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṁ vā kule paccājāto.  
A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in a good family.  
Seyyathidaṁ—raññaṁ, rājamahāmattānaṁ, khattiyānaṁ, brāhmaṇānaṁ, gahapatikānaṁ, kumārānaṁ—idha gaccha, amutrāgaccha, idaṁ hara, amutra idaṁ āharā’ti  
This includes running errands for rulers, ministers, aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or princes who say: ‘Go here, go there. Take this, bring that from there.’  

Taṁ dhammaṁ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṁ vā kule paccājāto.   A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in a good family.  
“Kalyāṇaṁ vuccati, brāhmaṇā”ti.  
“That’s nice of you to say, householder.” 

1. Campeyyakabrāhmaṇagahapatikā   1. The Brahmins and Householders of Campā  
Assosuṁ kho campeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:  
The brahmins and householders of Campā heard:  
Addasā kho soṇadaṇḍo brāhmaṇo campeyyake brāhmaṇagahapatike campāya nikkhamitvā saṅghasaṅghī gaṇībhūte yena gaggarā pokkharaṇī tenupasaṅkamante.  
He saw the brahmins and householders heading for the lotus pond,  
saṅghasaṅghī → saṅghāsaṅghī (sya-all, pts1ed)  
“kiṁ nu kho, bho khatte, campeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā campāya nikkhamitvā saṅghasaṅghī gaṇībhūtā yena gaggarā pokkharaṇī tenupasaṅkamantī”ti?  
“My steward, why are the brahmins and householders headed for the Gaggarā Lotus Pond?”  
“Tena hi, bho khatte, yena campeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā tenupasaṅkama, upasaṅkamitvā campeyyake brāhmaṇagahapatike evaṁ vadehi:  
“Well then, go to the brahmins and householders and say to them:  
Campeyyakāpi kho brāhmaṇagahapatikā appekacce bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu; sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce nāmagottaṁ sāvetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.  
Before sitting down to one side, some of the brahmins and householders of Campā bowed, some exchanged greetings and polite conversation, some held up their joined palms toward the Buddha, some announced their name and clan, while some kept silent.  

1. Khāṇumatakabrāhmaṇagahapatikā   1. The Brahmins and Householders of Khāṇumata  
Assosuṁ kho khāṇumatakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:  
The brahmins and householders of Khāṇumata heard:  
Addasā kho kūṭadanto brāhmaṇo khāṇumatake brāhmaṇagahapatike khāṇumatā nikkhamitvā saṅghasaṅghī gaṇībhūte yena ambalaṭṭhikā tenupasaṅkamante.  
He saw the brahmins and householders heading for Ambalaṭṭhikā,  
“kiṁ nu kho, bho khatte, khāṇumatakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā khāṇumatā nikkhamitvā saṅghasaṅghī gaṇībhūtā yena ambalaṭṭhikā tenupasaṅkamantī”ti?  
“My steward, why are the brahmins and householders headed for Ambalaṭṭhikā?”  
“tena hi, bho khatte, yena khāṇumatakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā tenupasaṅkama. upasaṅkamitvā khāṇumatake brāhmaṇagahapatike evaṁ vadehi:  
“Well then, go to the brahmins and householders and say to them:  
Khāṇumatakāpi kho brāhmaṇagahapatikā appekacce bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu, sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce nāmagottaṁ sāvetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.  
Before sitting down to one side, some of the brahmins and householders of Khāṇumata bowed, some exchanged greetings and polite conversation, some held up their joined palms toward the Buddha, some announced their name and clan, while some kept silent.  
Tena hi bhavaṁ rājā ye bhoto rañño janapade khattiyā ānuyantā negamā ceva jānapadā ca te bhavaṁ rājā āmantayataṁ: ‘icchāmahaṁ, bho, mahāyaññaṁ yajituṁ, anujānantu me bhavanto yaṁ mama assa dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāyā’ti. Ye bhoto rañño janapade amaccā pārisajjā negamā ceva jānapadā ca …pe… brāhmaṇamahāsālā negamā ceva jānapadā ca …pe… gahapatinecayikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca, te bhavaṁ rājā āmantayataṁ:  
‘In that case, let the king announce this throughout the realm to the aristocrat vassals; to the ministers and counselors; to the well-to-do brahmins; and to the well-off householders, both of town and country:  
‘rājā kho mahāvijito mahāyaññaṁ yajati, no ca kho tassa āmantitā amaccā pārisajjā negamā ceva jānapadā ca …pe… brāhmaṇamahāsālā negamā ceva jānapadā ca …pe… gahapatinecayikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca, atha ca pana bhavaṁ rājā evarūpaṁ mahāyaññaṁ yajatī’ti.  
“King Mahāvijita performs a great sacrifice, but he did not announce it to the ministers and counselors, well-to-do brahmins, and well-off householders, both of town and country. That’s the kind of great sacrifice that this king performs.”  
Atha kho, brāhmaṇa, khattiyā ānuyantā negamā ceva jānapadā ca, amaccā pārisajjā negamā ceva jānapadā ca, brāhmaṇamahāsālā negamā ceva jānapadā ca, gahapatinecayikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca pahūtaṁ sāpateyyaṁ ādāya rājānaṁ mahāvijitaṁ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṁsu:  
Then the aristocrat vassals, ministers and counselors, well-to-do brahmins, and well-off householders of both town and country came to the king bringing abundant wealth and said,  
Uttarena yaññavāṭassa gahapatinecayikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca dānāni paṭṭhapesuṁ.  
The well-off householders of town and country set up gifts to the north of the sacrificial pit.  

Sakkā ca panetaṁ abhavissa kātuṁ gahapatinā vā gahapatiputtena vā antamaso kumbhadāsiyāpi:   For it would be quite possible for a householder or a householder’s child—or even the bonded maid who carries the water-jar— 
Sakkā ca paneso abhavissa ñātuṁ gahapatinā vā gahapatiputtena vā antamaso kumbhadāsiyāpi:  
For it would be quite possible for a householder or a householder’s child—or even the bonded maid who carries the water-jar— 

Taṁ dhammaṁ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṁ vā kule paccājāto.   A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in a good family.  

Atha kho kevaṭṭo gahapatiputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho kevaṭṭo gahapatiputto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:   Then the householder Kevaḍḍha went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him,  
Attamano kevaṭṭo gahapatiputto bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandīti.  
Satisfied, the householder Kevaḍḍha was happy with what the Buddha said. 

“pañcime, gahapatayo, ādīnavā dussīlassa sīlavipattiyā.   “Householders, there are these five drawbacks for an unethical person because of their failure in ethics.  
Puna caparaṁ, gahapatayo, dussīlo sīlavipanno yaññadeva parisaṁ upasaṅkamati—yadi khattiyaparisaṁ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṁ yadi gahapatiparisaṁ yadi samaṇaparisaṁ—avisārado upasaṅkamati maṅkubhūto.  
Furthermore, an unethical person enters any kind of assembly timid and embarrassed, whether it’s an assembly of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics.  
Puna caparaṁ, gahapatayo, sīlavā sīlasampanno yaññadeva parisaṁ upasaṅkamati—yadi khattiyaparisaṁ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṁ yadi gahapatiparisaṁ yadi samaṇaparisaṁ visārado upasaṅkamati amaṅkubhūto.  
Furthermore, an ethical person enters any kind of assembly bold and self-assured, whether it’s an assembly of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics.  
“abhikkantā kho, gahapatayo, ratti, yassadāni tumhe kālaṁ maññathā”ti.  
“The night is getting late, householders. Please go at your convenience.”  
Khattiyaparisā, brāhmaṇaparisā, gahapatiparisā, samaṇaparisā, cātumahārājikaparisā, tāvatiṁsaparisā, māraparisā, brahmaparisā.  
The assemblies of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and ascetics. An assembly of the gods of the Four Great Kings. An assembly of the gods of the Thirty-Three. An assembly of Māras. An assembly of Brahmās.  
gahapatiparisaṁ …  
householders …  
Santānanda, khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi tathāgate abhippasannā, te tathāgatassa sarīrapūjaṁ karissantī”ti.  
There are astute aristocrats, brahmins, and householders who are devoted to the Realized One. They will perform the rites for venerating the Realized One’s corpse.”  
gahapatiparisā …pe…  
householders …  
Ettha bahū khattiyamahāsālā, brāhmaṇamahāsālā gahapatimahāsālā tathāgate abhippasannā.  
There are many well-to-do aristocrats, brahmins, and householders there who are devoted to the Buddha.  

Ettha bahū khattiyamahāsālā brāhmaṇamahāsālā gahapatimahāsālā tathāgate abhippasannā, te tathāgatassa sarīrapūjaṁ karissantī”ti.   There are many well-to-do aristocrats, brahmins, and householders there who are devoted to the Buddha. They will perform the rites of venerating the Realized One’s corpse.”  
2.6. Gahapatiratana  
2.6. The Householder-Treasure  
Puna caparaṁ, ānanda, rañño mahāsudassanassa gahapatiratanaṁ pāturahosi.  
Next, the householder-treasure appeared to King Mahāsudassana.  
Bhūtapubbaṁ, ānanda, rājā mahāsudassano tameva gahapatiratanaṁ vīmaṁsamāno nāvaṁ abhiruhitvā majjhe gaṅgāya nadiyā sotaṁ ogāhitvā gahapatiratanaṁ etadavoca:  
Once it so happened that the wheel-turning monarch, testing that same householder-treasure, boarded a boat and sailed to the middle of the Ganges river. Then he said to the householder-treasure,  
‘attho me, gahapati, hiraññasuvaṇṇenā’ti.  
‘Householder, I need gold coins and bullion.’  
‘Idheva me, gahapati, attho hiraññasuvaṇṇenā’ti.  
‘It’s right here, householder, that I need gold coins and bullion.’  
Atha kho taṁ, ānanda, gahapatiratanaṁ ubhohi hatthehi udakaṁ omasitvā pūraṁ hiraññasuvaṇṇassa kumbhiṁ uddharitvā rājānaṁ mahāsudassanaṁ etadavoca:  
Then that householder-treasure, immersing both hands in the water, pulled up a pot full of gold coin and bullion, and said to the king,  
‘alamettāvatā, gahapati, katamettāvatā, gahapati, pūjitamettāvatā, gahapatī’ti.  
‘That is sufficient, householder. Enough has been done, enough offered.’  
Rañño, ānanda, mahāsudassanassa evarūpaṁ gahapatiratanaṁ pāturahosi.  
Such is the householder-treasure that appeared to King Mahāsudassana.  
Puna caparaṁ, ānanda, rājā mahāsudassano brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṁ piyo ahosi manāpo.  
Furthermore, he was as dear and beloved to the brahmins and householders  
Raññopi, ānanda, mahāsudassanassa brāhmaṇagahapatikā piyā ahesuṁ manāpā.  
And the brahmins and householders were as dear to the king  
Atha kho, ānanda, brāhmaṇagahapatikā rājānaṁ mahāsudassanaṁ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṁsu:  
Then the brahmins and householders went up to him and said,  
‘ataramāno, sārathi, rathaṁ pesehi, yathā ahaṁ brāhmaṇagahapatike cirataraṁ passeyyan’ti.  
‘Drive slowly, charioteer, so I can see the brahmins and householders longer!’  
Atha kho, ānanda, brāhmaṇagahapatikā pahūtaṁ sāpateyyaṁ ādāya rājānaṁ mahāsudassanaṁ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṁsu:  
Then the brahmins and householders came to the king bringing abundant wealth and said,  
caturāsīti gahapatisahassāni ahesuṁ gahapatiratanappamukhāni;  
He had 84,000 householders, with the householder-treasure foremost.  
Seyyathāpi, ānanda, gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā manuññaṁ bhojanaṁ bhuttāvissa bhattasammado hoti; evameva kho, ānanda, rañño mahāsudassanassa māraṇantikā vedanā ahosi.  
And the feeling he had close to death was like a householder or their child falling asleep after eating a delectable meal.  

Ayaṁ kho panāpi ahosi rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro dhammiko dhammarājā hito brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṁ negamānañceva jānapadānañca.   That King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha was a just and principled king who benefited the brahmins and householders of town and country.  

Ahañhi, bho, etarahi rājāva raññaṁ brahmāva brāhmaṇānaṁ devatāva gahapatikānaṁ.   For now I am like a king to kings, like Brahmā to brahmins, like a deity to householders.  
brāhmaṇānaṁ → brahmānaṁ (bj, mr)  
Pabbajitaṁ pana mahāgovindaṁ brāhmaṇaṁ satta ca rājāno khattiyā muddhāvasittā satta ca brāhmaṇamahāsālā satta ca nhātakasatāni cattārīsā ca bhariyā sādisiyo anekāni ca khattiyasahassāni anekāni ca brāhmaṇasahassāni anekāni ca gahapatisahassāni anekehi ca itthāgārehi itthiyo kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā mahāgovindaṁ brāhmaṇaṁ agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitaṁ anupabbajiṁsu.  
And when he had gone forth, the seven anointed aristocrat kings, the seven brahmins with seven hundred initiates, the forty equal wives, and many thousands of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and many harem women shaved off their hair and beards, dressed in ocher robes, and went forth from the lay life to homelessness.  
Yaṁ kho pana, bho, tena samayena mahāgovindo brāhmaṇo gāmaṁ vā nigamaṁ vā upasaṅkamati, tattha rājāva hoti raññaṁ, brahmāva brāhmaṇānaṁ, devatāva gahapatikānaṁ.  
And at that time, whenever he arrived at a village or town, he was like a king to kings, like Brahmā to brahmins, like a deity to householders.  

Assosuṁ kho setabyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:   The brahmins and householders of Setavyā heard,  
Addasā kho pāyāsi rājañño setabyake brāhmaṇagahapatike setabyāya nikkhamitvā saṅghasaṅghī gaṇībhūte uttarenamukhe gacchante yena siṁsapāvanaṁ,  
He saw the brahmins and householders heading north towards the grove,  
yena siṁsapāvanaṁ → tenupasaṅkamante (pts1ed)  
“kiṁ nu kho, bho khatte, setabyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā setabyāya nikkhamitvā saṅghasaṅghī gaṇībhūtā uttarenamukhā gacchanti yena siṁsapāvanan”ti?  
“My steward, why are the brahmins and householders heading north towards the grove?”  
“Tena hi, bho khatte, yena setabyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā setabyake brāhmaṇagahapatike evaṁ vadehi:  
“Well then, go to the brahmins and householders and say to them:  
Purā samaṇo kumārakassapo setabyake brāhmaṇagahapatike bāle abyatte saññāpeti:  
Before Kassapa the Prince convinces those foolish and incompetent brahmins and householders that  
Atha kho pāyāsi rājañño setabyakehi brāhmaṇagahapatikehi parivuto yena siṁsapāvanaṁ yenāyasmā kumārakassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā kumārakassapena saddhiṁ sammodi, sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi.  
Then Pāyāsi escorted by the brahmins and householders, went up to Kassapa the Prince, and exchanged greetings with him. When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side.  
Setabyakāpi kho brāhmaṇagahapatikā appekacce āyasmantaṁ kumārakassapaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu;  
Before sitting down to one side, some of the brahmins and householders of Setavyā bowed, some exchanged greetings and polite conversation, some held up their joined palms toward Kassapa the Prince, some announced their name and clan, while some kept silent.  

Yena ca abhiññātā abhiññātā brāhmaṇamahāsālā gahapatinecayikā nānātitthiyā samaṇabrāhmaṇā tenupasaṅkami. upasaṅkamitvā abhiññāte abhiññāte nānātitthiye samaṇabrāhmaṇe etadavoca:   Then he went to see the very well-known well-to-do brahmins, rich householders, and ascetics and brahmins who follow various other religions, and said the same thing.  
nānātitthiyā → nānātitthiya (sya-all) | nānātitthiye → nānātitthiya (sya-all)  
‘abhikkantā kira abhiññātā abhiññātā licchavī, abhikkantā abhiññātā abhiññātā ca brāhmaṇamahāsālā gahapatinecayikā nānātitthiyā samaṇabrāhmaṇā.  
‘It seems that very well-known Licchavis, well-to-do brahmins, rich householders, and ascetics and brahmins who follow various other religions have come forth.  

Atha kho sandhāno gahapati divā divassa rājagahā nikkhami bhagavantaṁ dassanāya.   Then the householder Sandhāna left Rājagaha in the middle of the day to see the Buddha.  
divassa → divādivasseva (sya-all, pts1ed)  
Ayaṁ samaṇassa gotamassa sāvako āgacchati sandhāno gahapati.  
The householder Sandhāna, a disciple of the ascetic Gotama, is coming.  
“yagghe, gahapati, jāneyyāsi, kena samaṇo gotamo saddhiṁ sallapati, kena sākacchaṁ samāpajjati, kena paññāveyyattiyaṁ samāpajjati?  
“Surely, householder, you should know better! With whom does the ascetic Gotama converse? With whom does he engage in discussion? With whom does he achieve lucidity of wisdom?  
Iṅgha, gahapati, samaṇo gotamo imaṁ parisaṁ āgaccheyya, ekapañheneva naṁ saṁsādeyyāma, tucchakumbhīva naṁ maññe orodheyyāmā”ti.  
Go on, householder! Were the ascetic Gotama to come to this assembly, I’d sink him with just one question! I’d tie him up like a hollow pot!”  
saṁsādeyyāma → saṁhareyyāma (mr)  
Assosi kho bhagavā dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya sandhānassa gahapatissa nigrodhena paribbājakena saddhiṁ imaṁ kathāsallāpaṁ.  
With clairaudience that is purified and superhuman, the Buddha heard this discussion between the householder Sandhāna and the wanderer Nigrodha.  
‘sakkarissanti maṁ rājāno rājamahāmattā khattiyā brāhmaṇā gahapatikā titthiyā’ti …pe…  
‘Kings, royal ministers, aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and sectarians will honor me!’  
‘sakkarissanti maṁ rājāno rājamahāmattā khattiyā brāhmaṇā gahapatikā titthiyā’ti …pe…  
‘Kings, royal ministers, aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and sectarians will honor me!’  
Yadā aññāsi sandhāno gahapati:  
Then the householder Sandhāna realized,  
‘yagghe, gahapati, jāneyyāsi, kena samaṇo gotamo saddhiṁ sallapati, kena sākacchaṁ samāpajjati, kena paññāveyyattiyaṁ samāpajjati,  
‘Surely, householder, you should know better! With whom does the ascetic Gotama converse? With whom does he engage in discussion? With whom does he achieve lucidity of wisdom?  
iṅgha, gahapati, samaṇo gotamo imaṁ parisaṁ āgaccheyya, ekapañheneva naṁ saṁsādeyyāma, tucchakumbhīva naṁ maññe orodheyyāmā’ti.  
Please, householder, let the ascetic Gotama come to this assembly. I’ll sink him with just one question! I’ll roll him over and wrap him up like a hollow pot!’  
iṅgha → iṅgha ca (bj, csp1ed)  
Sandhāno pana gahapati tāvadeva rājagahaṁ pāvisīti.  
Meanwhile, the householder Sandhāna went right back to Rājagaha. 

‘Tena hi tvaṁ, tāta, dhammaṁyeva nissāya dhammaṁ sakkaronto dhammaṁ garuṁ karonto dhammaṁ mānento dhammaṁ pūjento dhammaṁ apacāyamāno dhammaddhajo dhammaketu dhammādhipateyyo dhammikaṁ rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṁ saṁvidahassu antojanasmiṁ balakāyasmiṁ khattiyesu anuyantesu brāhmaṇagahapatikesu negamajānapadesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu migapakkhīsu.   ‘Well then, my dear, relying only on principle—honoring, respecting, and venerating principle, having principle as your flag, banner, and authority—provide just protection and security for your court, troops, aristocrats, vassals, brahmins and householders, people of town and country, ascetics and brahmins, beasts and birds.  
anuyantesu → anuyuttesu (bj, pts1ed) | garuṁ karonto → garukaronto (bj, sya-all, pts1ed)  

Gihissa vā pabbajitassa vā puna,   as householder or renunciate.  
puna → pana (sya-all)  
mahāssa honti parivārā brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā.  
of brahmins and householders, people of town and country, treasury officials, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, counselors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.  
Bhavati yadi gihī ciraṁ yapeti,  
‘As a householder he will live long;  
Yaṁ gihissapi tadatthajotakaṁ,  
as a householder, that’s what that means.  
Yaṁ gihissapi → na taṁ gihissapi (sya-all, pts1ed)  
Susaṅgahitaparijano hoti, susaṅgahitāssa honti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā.  
His retinue is inclusive, cohesive, and well-managed. This includes brahmins and householders, people of town and country, treasury officials, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, counselors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.  
Gihissa vā pabbajitassa vā puna,  
As householder or renunciate,  
Paṭilabhati daharo susu kumāro.  
many different things that householders deserve.  
Gihipatirūpakā bahū bhavanti;  
for the ruler of the land to enjoy as householder.  
Gihissa vā pabbajitassa vā puna,  
as householder or renunciate.  
puna → pana (sya-all)  
Piyadassano hoti bahuno janassa, piyo hoti manāpo brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṁ negamajānapadānaṁ gaṇakamahāmattānaṁ anīkaṭṭhānaṁ dovārikānaṁ amaccānaṁ pārisajjānaṁ rājūnaṁ bhogiyānaṁ kumārānaṁ.  
The people look on him with kindly eyes. He is dear and beloved to the brahmins and householders, people of town and country, treasury officials, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, counselors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.  
Piyadassano gihīpi santo ca,  
Even as a householder he’d be regarded kindly,  
Mahāssa jano anvāyiko hoti, brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā.  
He has a large following of brahmins and householders, people of town and country, treasury officials, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, counselors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.  
Mahāssa jano upavattati, brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā.  
He has many close adherents among the brahmins and householders, people of town and country, treasury officials, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, counselors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.  
Gihimpi santaṁ upavattatī jano,  
Even as householder many people will follow him,  
Abhejjapariso hoti, abhejjāssa honti parisā, brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā.  
His retinue cannot be divided. This includes brahmins and householders, people of town and country, treasury officials, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, counselors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.  
Ādeyyavāco hoti, ādiyantissa vacanaṁ brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā.  
He has a persuasive voice. His words are persuasive to brahmins and householders, people of town and country, treasury officials, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, counselors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.  
Gihinopi ijjhati yathā bhaṇato,  
Even as householder his speech brings prosperity.  
Suciparivāro hoti sucissa honti parivārā brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā.  
His retinue is pure. This includes brahmins and householders, people of town and country, treasury officials, military officers, guardsmen, ministers, counselors, rulers, tax beneficiaries, and princes.  

Tena kho pana samayena siṅgālako gahapatiputto kālasseva uṭṭhāya rājagahā nikkhamitvā allavattho allakeso pañjaliko puthudisā namassati—  Now at that time the householder’s son Sigālaka rose early and left Rājagaha. With his clothes and hair all wet, he raised his joined palms to revere the various quarters— 
siṅgālako → sigālako (bj) | puthudisā → puthuddisā (bj, sya-all, pts1ed)  
“kiṁ nu kho tvaṁ, gahapatiputta, kālasseva vuṭṭhāya rājagahā nikkhamitvā allavattho allakeso pañjaliko puthudisā namassasi— 
“Householder’s son, why are you revering the quarters in this way?”  
“Na kho, gahapatiputta, ariyassa vinaye evaṁ cha disā namassitabbā”ti.  
“Householder’s son, that’s not how the six directions should be revered in the training of the Noble One.”  
cha disā → chaddisā (bj, pts1ed)  
“Tena hi, gahapatiputta, suṇohi sādhukaṁ manasikarohi bhāsissāmī”ti.  
“Well then, householder’s son, listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”  
“Yato kho, gahapatiputta, ariyasāvakassa cattāro kammakilesā pahīnā honti, catūhi ca ṭhānehi pāpakammaṁ na karoti, cha ca bhogānaṁ apāyamukhāni na sevati, so evaṁ cuddasa pāpakāpagato chaddisāpaṭicchādī  
“Householder’s son, a noble disciple gives up four corrupt deeds, doesn’t do bad deeds on four grounds, and avoids six drains on wealth. When they’ve left these fourteen bad things behind they have the six directions covered.  
“Cattārome, gahapatiputta, amittā mittapatirūpakā veditabbā.  
“Householder’s son, you should recognize these four enemies disguised as friends:  
“Cattārome, gahapatiputta, mittā suhadā veditabbā.  
“Householder’s son, you should recognize these four good-hearted friends:  
alamatto kule gihī;  
a householder does enough for their family.  
“Kathañca, gahapatiputta, ariyasāvako chaddisāpaṭicchādī hoti?  
“And how, householder’s son, does a noble disciple cover the six directions?  
alamatto kule gihī.  
a householder does enough for their family.  
Evaṁ vutte, siṅgālako gahapatiputto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:  
When this was said, Sigālaka the householder’s son said to the Buddha,  

āhuneyyaggi, gahapataggi, dakkhiṇeyyaggi.   a fire for those worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, a fire for householders, and a fire for those worthy of a religious donation.  
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, dussīlo sīlavipanno yaññadeva parisaṁ upasaṅkamati yadi khattiyaparisaṁ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṁ yadi gahapatiparisaṁ yadi samaṇaparisaṁ, avisārado upasaṅkamati maṅkubhūto,  
Furthermore, an unethical person enters any kind of assembly timid and embarrassed, whether it’s an assembly of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics.  
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, sīlavā sīlasampanno yaññadeva parisaṁ upasaṅkamati yadi khattiyaparisaṁ yadi brāhmaṇaparisaṁ yadi gahapatiparisaṁ yadi samaṇaparisaṁ, visārado upasaṅkamati amaṅkubhūto,  
Furthermore, an ethical person enters any kind of assembly bold and self-assured, whether it’s an assembly of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics.  
So passati khattiyamahāsālaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālaṁ vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitaṁ samaṅgībhūtaṁ paricārayamānaṁ.  
They see an affluent aristocrat or brahmin or householder amusing themselves, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation.  
‘aho vatāhaṁ kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā khattiyamahāsālānaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālānaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālānaṁ vā sahabyataṁ upapajjeyyan’ti.  
‘If only, when my body breaks up, after death, I would be reborn in the company of well-to-do aristocrats or brahmins or householders!’  
khattiyaparisā, brāhmaṇaparisā, gahapatiparisā, samaṇaparisā, cātumahārājikaparisā, tāvatiṁsaparisā, māraparisā, brahmaparisā.  
the assemblies of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and ascetics. An assembly of the gods under the Four Great Kings. An assembly of the gods under the Thirty-Three. An assembly of Māras. An assembly of Brahmās.  

Yassa kassaci, āvuso, bhikkhuno ime pāpakā akusalā icchāvacarā pahīnā dissanti ceva sūyanti ca, kiñcāpi so hoti gāmantavihārī nemantaniko gahapaticīvaradharo, atha kho naṁ sabrahmacārī sakkaronti garuṁ karonti mānenti pūjenti.   Suppose these spheres of bad, unskillful wishes are seen and heard to be given up by a mendicant. Even though they dwell within a village, accept invitations to a meal, and wear robes offered by householders, their spiritual companions honor, respect, revere, and venerate them.  

Khattiyaparisā, brāhmaṇaparisā, gahapatiparisā, samaṇaparisā, cātumahārājikaparisā, tāvatiṁsaparisā, māraparisā, brahmaparisā—  The assemblies of aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and ascetics. An assembly of the gods under the Four Great Kings. An assembly of the gods under the Thirty-Three. An assembly of Māras. An assembly of Brahmās.  
gahapatiparisaṁ …  
householders …  

Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, kāmahetu kāmanidānaṁ kāmādhikaraṇaṁ kāmānameva hetu rājānopi rājūhi vivadanti, khattiyāpi khattiyehi vivadanti, brāhmaṇāpi brāhmaṇehi vivadanti, gahapatīpi gahapatīhi vivadanti, mātāpi puttena vivadati, puttopi mātarā vivadati, pitāpi puttena vivadati, puttopi pitarā vivadati, bhātāpi bhātarā vivadati, bhātāpi bhaginiyā vivadati, bhaginīpi bhātarā vivadati, sahāyopi sahāyena vivadati.   Furthermore, for the sake of sensual pleasures kings fight with kings, aristocrats fight with aristocrats, brahmins fight with brahmins, and householders fight with householders. A mother fights with her child, child with mother, father with child, and child with father. Brother fights with brother, brother with sister, sister with brother, and friend fights with friend.  
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, khattiyakaññā vā brāhmaṇakaññā vā gahapatikaññā vā pannarasavassuddesikā vā soḷasavassuddesikā vā, nātidīghā nātirassā nātikisā nātithūlā nātikāḷī nāccodātā paramā sā, bhikkhave, tasmiṁ samaye subhā vaṇṇanibhāti?  
Suppose there was a girl of the brahmins, aristocrats, or householders in her fifteenth or sixteenth year, neither too tall nor too short, neither too thin nor too fat, neither too dark nor too fair. Is she not at the height of her beauty and prettiness?”  

Puna caparaṁ, mahānāma, kāmahetu kāmanidānaṁ kāmādhikaraṇaṁ kāmānameva hetu rājānopi rājūhi vivadanti, khattiyāpi khattiyehi vivadanti, brāhmaṇāpi brāhmaṇehi vivadanti, gahapatīpi gahapatīhi vivadanti, mātāpi puttena vivadati, puttopi mātarā vivadati, pitāpi puttena vivadati, puttopi pitarā vivadati, bhātāpi bhātarā vivadati, bhātāpi bhaginiyā vivadati, bhaginīpi bhātarā vivadati, sahāyopi sahāyena vivadati.   Furthermore, for the sake of sensual pleasures kings fight with kings, aristocrats fight with aristocrats, brahmins fight with brahmins, and householders fight with householders. A mother fights with her child, child with mother, father with child, and child with father. Brother fights with brother, brother with sister, sister with brother, and friend fights with friend.  

gahapatipaṇḍite …   some clever householders …  
Taṁ dhammaṁ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṁ vā kule paccājāto.  
A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in a good family.  

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṁ saddhā gahapatikā abhihaṭṭhuṁ pavārenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi, tatra bhikkhu mattaṁ na jānāti paṭiggahaṇāya.   It’s when a mendicant is invited by a householder to accept robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick, and that mendicant doesn’t know moderation in accepting.  
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṁ saddhā gahapatikā abhihaṭṭhuṁ pavārenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi.  
It’s when a mendicant is invited by a householder to accept robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick,  

Taṁ dhammaṁ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṁ vā kule paccājāto.   A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in a good family.  

Assosuṁ kho sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:   The brahmins and householders of Sālā heard,  
Atha kho sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu, sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṁ sāvetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ:  
Then the brahmins and householders of Sālā went up to the Buddha. Before sitting down to one side, some bowed, some exchanged greetings and polite conversation, some held up their joined palms toward the Buddha, some announced their name and clan, while some kept silent. Seated to one side they said to the Buddha:  
“Tena hi, gahapatayo, suṇātha, sādhukaṁ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī”ti.  
“Well then, householders, listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”  
“Tividhaṁ kho, gahapatayo, kāyena adhammacariyāvisamacariyā hoti, catubbidhaṁ vācāya adhammacariyāvisamacariyā hoti, tividhaṁ manasā adhammacariyāvisamacariyā hoti.  
“Householders, unprincipled and immoral conduct is threefold by way of body, fourfold by way of speech, and threefold by way of mind.  
Tividhaṁ kho, gahapatayo, kāyena dhammacariyāsamacariyā hoti, catubbidhaṁ vācāya dhammacariyāsamacariyā hoti, tividhaṁ manasā dhammacariyāsamacariyā hoti.  
Householders, principled and moral conduct is threefold by way of body, fourfold by way of speech, and threefold by way of mind.  
gahapatimahāsālānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjeyyan’ti;  
well-to-do householders …  
Evaṁ vutte, sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ:  
When he had spoken, the brahmins and householders of Sālā said to the Buddha,  

Tena kho pana samayena verañjakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā sāvatthiyaṁ paṭivasanti kenacideva karaṇīyena.   Now at that time the brahmins and householders of Verañjā were residing in Sāvatthī on some business.  
Assosuṁ kho verañjakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:  
The brahmins and householders of Verañjā heard:  
“Tividhaṁ kho, gahapatayo, kāyena adhammacārī visamacārī hoti, catubbidhaṁ vācāya adhammacārī visamacārī hoti, tividhaṁ manasā adhammacārī visamacārī hoti.  
“Householders, a person of unprincipled and immoral conduct is threefold by way of body, fourfold by way of speech, and threefold by way of mind. …” …  

Yannūnāhaṁ brāhmaṇagahapatike anvāviseyyaṁ—  Why don’t I take possession of these brahmins and householders and say,  
Atha kho te, pāpima, brāhmaṇagahapatikā anvāvisiṭṭhā dūsinā mārena bhikkhū sīlavante kalyāṇadhamme akkosanti paribhāsanti rosenti vihesenti:  
Then those brahmins and householders abused, attacked, harassed, and troubled the ethical mendicants of good character:  
‘anvāviṭṭhā kho, bhikkhave, brāhmaṇagahapatikā dūsinā mārena— 
‘Mendicants, the brahmins and householders have been possessed by Māra Dūsī.  
‘evampi kho ahaṁ karonto imesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ sīlavantānaṁ kalyāṇadhammānaṁ neva jānāmi āgatiṁ vā gatiṁ vā, yannūnāhaṁ brāhmaṇagahapatike anvāviseyyaṁ:  
‘Even when I do this I don’t know the course of rebirth of these ethical mendicants of good character. Why don’t I take possession of these brahmins and householders and say,  
Atha kho te, pāpima, brāhmaṇagahapatikā anvāviṭṭhā dūsinā mārena bhikkhū sīlavante kalyāṇadhamme sakkaronti garuṁ karonti mānenti pūjenti.  
Then those brahmins and householders honored, respected, esteemed, and venerated the ethical mendicants of good character.  
‘anvāviṭṭhā kho, bhikkhave, brāhmaṇagahapatikā dūsinā mārena:  
‘Mendicants, the brahmins and householders have been possessed by Māra Dūsī.  

Taṁ dhammaṁ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṁ vā kule paccājāto.   A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in a good family.  

Tena kho pana samayena dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputtaṁ anuppatto hoti kenacideva karaṇīyena.   Now at that time the householder Dasama, a wealthy citizen, had arrived at Pāṭaliputta on some business.  
“Eso, gahapati, āyasmā ānando vesāliyaṁ viharati beluvagāmake”ti.  
“Householder, Venerable Ānanda is staying near Vesālī in the little village of Beluva.”  
Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputte taṁ karaṇīyaṁ tīretvā yena vesālī yena beluvagāmako yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etadavoca:  
Then the householder Dasama, having concluded his business there, went to the little village of Beluva in Vesālī to see Ānanda. He bowed, sat down to one side, and said to Ānanda:  
“Atthi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto, yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṁ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṁ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ anupāpuṇātī”ti.  
“There is, householder.”  
“Idha, gahapati, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṁ savicāraṁ vivekajaṁ pītisukhaṁ paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.  
“Householder, it’s when a mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected.  
Puna caparaṁ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṁ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṁ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṁ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.  
Furthermore, householder, a mendicant, going totally beyond perceptions of form, with the ending of perceptions of impingement, not focusing on perceptions of diversity, aware that ‘space is infinite’, enters and remains in the dimension of infinite space.  
Evaṁ vutte, dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etadavoca:  
When he said this, the householder Dasama said to Venerable Ānanda,  
Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputtakañca vesālikañca bhikkhusaṅghaṁ sannipātetvā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi,  
Then the householder Dasama, having assembled the Saṅgha from Vesālī and Pāṭaliputta, served and satisfied them with his own hands with delicious fresh and cooked foods.  

Potaliyasutta   With Potaliya the Householder  
Potaliyopi kho gahapati sampannanivāsanapāvuraṇo chattupāhanāhi jaṅghāvihāraṁ anucaṅkamamāno anuvicaramāno yena so vanasaṇḍo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṁ vanasaṇḍaṁ ajjhogāhetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodi.  
Potaliya the householder also approached that forest grove while going for a walk. He was well dressed in sarong and cloak, with parasol and sandals. Having plunged deep into it, he went up to the Buddha, and exchanged greetings with him.  
chattupāhanāhi → chattupāhano (mr)  
“saṁvijjanti kho, gahapati, āsanāni; sace ākaṅkhasi nisīdā”ti.  
“There are seats, householder. Please sit if you wish.”  
Evaṁ vutte, potaliyo gahapati “gahapativādena maṁ samaṇo gotamo samudācaratī”ti kupito anattamano tuṇhī ahosi.  
When he said this, Potaliya was angry and upset. Thinking, “The ascetic Gotama addresses me as ‘householder’!” he stayed silent.  
“saṁvijjanti kho, gahapati, āsanāni; sace ākaṅkhasi nisīdā”ti.  
“There are seats, householder. Please sit if you wish.”  
Evaṁ vutte, potaliyo gahapati “gahapativādena maṁ samaṇo gotamo samudācaratī”ti kupito anattamano bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:  
When he said this, Potaliya was angry and upset. Thinking, “The ascetic Gotama addresses me as ‘householder’!” he said to the Buddha,  
“tayidaṁ, bho gotama, nacchannaṁ, tayidaṁ nappatirūpaṁ, yaṁ maṁ tvaṁ gahapativādena samudācarasī”ti.  
“Master Gotama, it is neither proper nor appropriate for you to address me as ‘householder’.”  
“Te hi te, gahapati, ākārā, te liṅgā, te nimittā yathā taṁ gahapatissā”ti.  
“Well, householder, you have the features, attributes, and signs of a householder.”  
“Yathā kathaṁ pana te, gahapati, sabbe kammantā paṭikkhittā, sabbe vohārā samucchinnā”ti?  
“Householder, in what way have you refused all work and cut off all business?”  
“Aññathā kho tvaṁ, gahapati, vohārasamucchedaṁ vadasi, aññathā ca pana ariyassa vinaye vohārasamucchedo hotī”ti.  
“The cutting off of business as you describe it is one thing, householder, but the cutting off of business in the noble one’s training is quite different.”  
“Tena hi, gahapati, suṇāhi, sādhukaṁ manasi karohi, bhāsissāmī”ti.  
“Well then, householder, listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”  
“aṭṭha kho ime, gahapati, dhammā ariyassa vinaye vohārasamucchedāya saṁvattanti.  
“Householder, these eight things lead to the cutting off of business in the noble one’s training.  
me → yeme pana (sya-all, mr)  
“Tena hi, gahapati, suṇāhi, sādhukaṁ manasi karohi, bhāsissāmī”ti.  
“Well then, householder, listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”  
“Tena hi, gahapati, suṇāhi, sādhukaṁ manasi karohi, bhāsissāmī”ti.  
“Well then, householder, listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”  
“Seyyathāpi, gahapati, kukkuro jighacchādubbalyapareto goghātakasūnaṁ paccupaṭṭhito assa.  
“Householder, suppose a dog weak with hunger was hanging around a butcher’s shop.  
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
What do you think, householder?  
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
What do you think, householder?  
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
What do you think, householder?  
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
What do you think, householder?  
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
What do you think, householder?  
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
What do you think, householder?  

Tamenaṁ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā upasaṅkamitvā svātanāya bhattena nimanteti.   A householder or their child approaches and invites them for the next day’s meal.  
So tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena tassa gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkamati; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdati.  
When the night has passed, they robe up in the morning, take their bowl and robe, and approach that householder’s home, where they sit on the seat spread out.  
Tamenaṁ so gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena piṇḍapātena parivisati.  
That householder or their child serves them with delicious almsfood.  
‘sādhu vata māyaṁ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena piṇḍapātena pariviseyyāti.  
‘It’s so good that this householder serves me with delicious almsfood!  
māyaṁ → maṁ + ayaṁ =  
Tamenaṁ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā upasaṅkamitvā svātanāya bhattena nimanteti.  
A householder or their child approaches and invites them for the next day’s meal.  
So tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkamati; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdati.  
When the night has passed, they robe up in the morning, take their bowl and robe, and approach that householder’s home, where they sit on the seat spread out.  
Tamenaṁ so gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena piṇḍapātena parivisati.  
That householder or their child serves them with delicious almsfood.  
‘sādhu vata māyaṁ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena piṇḍapātena pariviseyyāti.  
‘It’s so good that this householder serves me with delicious almsfood!  

Evaṁ vutte, upāli gahapati nigaṇṭhaṁ nāṭaputtaṁ etadavoca:   When he said this, the householder Upāli said to him,  
“Gaccha tvaṁ, gahapati, samaṇassa gotamassa imasmiṁ kathāvatthusmiṁ vādaṁ āropehi.  
“Go, householder, refute the ascetic Gotama’s doctrine on this point.  
“na kho metaṁ, bhante, ruccati yaṁ upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṁ āropeyya.  
“Sir, I don’t believe it’s a good idea for the householder Upāli to rebut the ascetic Gotama’s doctrine.  
Gaccha tvaṁ, gahapati, samaṇassa gotamassa imasmiṁ kathāvatthusmiṁ vādaṁ āropehi.  
Go, householder, refute the ascetic Gotama’s doctrine on this point.  
“na kho metaṁ, bhante, ruccati yaṁ upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṁ āropeyya.  
“Sir, I don’t believe it’s a good idea for the householder Upāli to rebut the ascetic Gotama’s doctrine.  
Gaccha tvaṁ, gahapati, samaṇassa gotamassa imasmiṁ kathāvatthusmiṁ vādaṁ āropehi.  
Go, householder, refute the ascetic Gotama’s doctrine on this point.  
“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho upāli gahapati nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā nigaṇṭhaṁ nāṭaputtaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā yena pāvārikambavanaṁ yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho upāli gahapati bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:  
“Yes, sir,” replied the householder Upāli to the Jain Ñātika. He got up from his seat, bowed, and respectfully circled him, keeping him on his right. Then he went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him,  
“Āgamā khvidha, gahapati, dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho”ti.  
“He did, householder.”  
Evaṁ vutte, upāli gahapati bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:  
When he said this, the householder Upāli said to him,  
“Sace kho tvaṁ, gahapati, sacce patiṭṭhāya manteyyāsi siyā no ettha kathāsallāpo”ti.  
“Householder, so long as you debate on the basis of truth, we can have some discussion about this.”  
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
“What do you think, householder?  
“Manasi karohi, gahapati, manasi karitvā kho, gahapati, byākarohi.  
“Think about it, householder! You should think before answering.  
“Manasi karohi, gahapati → gahapati gahapati (si, pts1ed), gahapati gahapati manasikarohi (sya-all, km), gahapati manasi karohi (mr)  
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
“What do you think, householder?  
“Manasi karohi, gahapati, manasi karitvā kho, gahapati, byākarohi.  
“Think about it, householder! You should think before answering.  
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
“What do you think, householder?  
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
“What do you think, householder?  
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
What do you think, householder?  
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
“What do you think, householder?  
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
What do you think, householder?  
“Manasi karohi, gahapati, manasi karitvā kho, gahapati, byākarohi.  
“Think about it, householder! You should think before answering.  
“Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, gahapati,  
“What do you think, householder?  
“Manasi karohi, gahapati, manasi karitvā kho, gahapati, byākarohi.  
“Think about it, householder! You should think before answering.  
“Anuviccakāraṁ kho, gahapati, karohi, anuviccakāro tumhādisānaṁ ñātamanussānaṁ sādhu hotī”ti.  
“Householder, you should act after careful consideration. It’s good for well-known people such as yourself to act after careful consideration.”  
‘upāli amhākaṁ gahapati sāvakattaṁ upagato’ti.  
‘The householder Upāli has become our disciple!’  
‘anuviccakāraṁ kho, gahapati, karohi, anuviccakāro tumhādisānaṁ ñātamanussānaṁ sādhu hotī’ti.  
‘Householder, you should act after careful consideration. It’s good for well-known people such as yourself to act after careful consideration.’  
“Dīgharattaṁ kho te, gahapati, nigaṇṭhānaṁ opānabhūtaṁ kulaṁ yena nesaṁ upagatānaṁ piṇḍakaṁ dātabbaṁ maññeyyāsī”ti.  
“For a long time now, householder, your family has been a well-spring of support for the Jain ascetics. You should consider giving to them when they come.”  
Atha kho bhagavā upālissa gahapatissa anupubbiṁ kathaṁ kathesi, seyyathidaṁ— 
Then the Buddha taught the householder Upāli step by step, with  
anupubbiṁ kathaṁ → ānupubbīkathaṁ (bj); anupubbikathaṁ (sya-all, km, mr); ānupubbikathaṁ (pts1ed)  
“Yassadāni tvaṁ, gahapati, kālaṁ maññasī”ti.  
“Please, householder, go at your convenience.”  
Atha kho upāli gahapati bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā yena sakaṁ nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā dovārikaṁ āmantesi:  
And then the householder Upāli approved and agreed with what the Buddha said. He got up from his seat, bowed, and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on his right. Then he went back to his own home, where he addressed the gatekeeper,  
Ajjatagge upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṁ upagato.  
From now on the householder Upāli has become a disciple of the ascetic Gotama.  
“sutaṁ metaṁ, bhante, upāli kira gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṁ upagato”ti.  
“Sir, they say that the householder Upāli has become a disciple of the ascetic Gotama.”  
“sutaṁ metaṁ, bhante …  
“Sir, they say that the householder Upāli has become a disciple of the ascetic Gotama.”  
Ajjatagge upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṁ upagato.  
From now on the householder Upāli has become a disciple of the ascetic Gotama.  
Etaṁ kho te ahaṁ, bhante, nālatthaṁ, na kho me, bhante, ruccati yaṁ upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṁ āropeyya.  
Sir, I couldn’t get you to accept that it wasn’t a good idea for the householder Upāli to rebut the ascetic Gotama’s doctrine.  
Āvaṭṭo kho te, bhante, upāli gahapati samaṇena gotamena āvaṭṭaniyā māyāyā”ti.  
The householder Upāli has been converted by the ascetic Gotama’s conversion magic!”  
Ajjatagge upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṁ upagato.  
From now on the householder Upāli has become a disciple of the ascetic Gotama.  
“ummattosi tvaṁ, gahapati, dattosi tvaṁ, gahapati.  
“You’re mad, householder! You’re a moron!  
“Sarājikā kho, gahapati, parisā evaṁ jānāti:  
“Householder, the king and his retinue know you as  
Evaṁ vutte, upāli gahapati uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā nigaṇṭhaṁ nāṭaputtaṁ etadavoca:  
When he had spoken, the householder Upāli got up from his seat, arranged his robe over one shoulder, raised his joined palms in the direction of the Buddha, and said to the Jain Ñātika,  
“Kadā saññūḷhā pana te, gahapati, ime samaṇassa gotamassa vaṇṇā”ti?  
“But when did you compose these praises of the ascetic Gotama’s beautiful qualities, householder?”  

“Yeme, bhante, khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi pañhaṁ abhisaṅkharitvā tathāgataṁ upasaṅkamitvā pucchanti,   “Sir, there are clever aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics who come to see you with a question already planned.  
“Evameva kho, rājakumāra, ye te khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi pañhaṁ abhisaṅkharitvā tathāgataṁ upasaṅkamitvā pucchanti, ṭhānasovetaṁ tathāgataṁ paṭibhāti.  
“In the same way, when clever aristocrats, brahmins, householders, or ascetics come to see me with a question already planned, the answer just appears to me on the spot.  

Assosuṁ kho sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:   The brahmins and householders of Sālā heard:  
Atha kho sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu; sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṁ sāvetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinne kho sāleyyake brāhmaṇagahapatike bhagavā etadavoca:  
Then the brahmins and householders of Sālā went up to the Buddha. Before sitting down to one side, some bowed, some exchanged greetings and polite conversation, some held up their joined palms toward the Buddha, some announced their name and clan, while some kept silent. The Buddha said to them:  
“atthi pana vo, gahapatayo, koci manāpo satthā yasmiṁ vo ākāravatī saddhā paṭiladdhā”ti?  
“So, householders, is there any teacher you’re happy with, in whom you have acquired grounded faith?”  
Taṁ kiṁ maññatha, gahapatayo:  
What do you think, householders?  
Taṁ kiṁ maññatha, gahapatayo,  
What do you think, householders?  
Taṁ kiṁ maññatha, gahapatayo,  
What do you think, householders?  
Taṁ kiṁ maññatha, gahapatayo,  
What do you think, householders?  
Taṁ kiṁ maññatha, gahapatayo,  
What do you think, householders?  
Cattārome, gahapatayo, puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmiṁ.  
Householders, these four people are found in the world.  
pe…  
A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in some good family. …  
Evaṁ vutte, sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ:  
When he had spoken, the brahmins and householders of Sālā said to the Buddha,  

‘yampi no saddhā gahapatikā divā vikāle paṇītaṁ khādanīyaṁ bhojanīyaṁ denti tassapi no bhagavā pahānamāha, tassapi no sugato paṭinissaggamāhā’ti.   ‘But these faithful householders give us delicious fresh and cooked foods at the wrong time of day. And the Blessed One tells us to give it up! The Holy One tells us to let it go!’  

Yampi no saddhā gahapatikā divā vikāle paṇītaṁ khādanīyaṁ bhojanīyaṁ denti tatthapime mukhāvaraṇaṁ maññe karontī’ti.   And these faithful householders give us delicious fresh and cooked foods at the wrong time of day. But these mendicants imagine they can gag our mouths!’  
Arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṁvutehi indriyehi so tattha passati gahapatiṁ vā gahapatiputtaṁ vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitaṁ samaṅgībhūtaṁ paricārayamānaṁ.  
There they see a householder or their child amusing themselves, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation.  

Bahū hi tassa bhoto gotamassa khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi abhippasannā vinītā ariye ñāye dhamme kusale”ti.   Many astute aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and ascetics are devoted to Master Gotama. They’ve been guided by him in the noble system, the skillful teaching.”  
Seyyathāpi, māgaṇḍiya, gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aḍḍho mahaddhano mahābhogo pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāreyya cakkhuviññeyyehi rūpehi …  
Suppose there was a householder or a householder’s child who was rich, affluent, and wealthy. And they would amuse themselves, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation. That is, sights known by the eye …  
So passeyya gahapatiṁ vā gahapatiputtaṁ vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitaṁ samaṅgībhūtaṁ paricārayamānaṁ.  
Then they’d see a householder or a householder’s child amusing themselves, supplied and provided with the five kinds of sensual stimulation.  
Taṁ kiṁ maññasi, māgaṇḍiya, api nu so devaputto nandane vane accharāsaṅghaparivuto dibbehi pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricārayamāno amussa gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā piheyya, mānusakānaṁ vā pañcannaṁ kāmaguṇānaṁ mānusakehi vā kāmehi āvaṭṭeyyā”ti?  
What do you think, Māgaṇḍiya? Would that god—amusing themselves in the Garden of Delight, escorted by a band of nymphs, supplied and provided with the five kinds of heavenly sensual stimulation—envy that householder or householder’s child their five kinds of human sensual stimulation, or return to human sensual pleasures?”  

Ahaṁ kho panudāyi, appekadā gahapaticīvarāni dhāremi daḷhāni satthalūkhāni alābulomasāni.   But sometimes I wear robes offered by householders that are strong, yet next to which bottle-gourd down is coarse.  

“catūhi kho ahaṁ, gahapati, dhammehi samannāgataṁ purisapuggalaṁ paññapemi sampannakusalaṁ paramakusalaṁ uttamapattipattaṁ samaṇaṁ ayojjhaṁ.   “Householder, when an individual has four qualities I describe them as an invincible ascetic—accomplished in the skillful, excelling in the skillful, attained to the highest attainment.  

Assosuṁ kho thullakoṭṭhikā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:   The brahmins and householders of Thullakoṭṭhika heard:  
thullakoṭṭhikā → thullakoṭṭhitakā (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed)  
Atha kho thullakoṭṭhikā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu, sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṁ sāvetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.  
Then the brahmins and householders of Thullakoṭṭhika went up to the Buddha. Before sitting down to one side, some bowed, some exchanged greetings and polite conversation, some held up their joined palms toward the Buddha, some announced their name and clan, while some kept silent.  
Atha kho thullakoṭṭhikā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṁsitā bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā pakkamiṁsu.  
Then, having approved and agreed with what the Buddha said, the brahmins and householders of Thullakoṭṭhika got up from their seat, bowed, and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on their right, before leaving.  
“yagghe, gahapati, jāneyyāsi:  
“Please householder, you should know this.  
“Kuto no, gahapati, amhākaṁ gehaṁ agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitānaṁ?  
“Householder, how could those of us who have gone forth from the lay life to homelessness have a house?  
Anagārā mayaṁ, gahapati.  
We are homeless, householder.  
“Alaṁ, gahapati, kataṁ me ajja bhattakiccaṁ”.  
“Enough, householder. My meal is finished for today.”  
“Sace me tvaṁ, gahapati, vacanaṁ kareyyāsi, imaṁ hiraññasuvaṇṇassa puñjaṁ sakaṭe āropetvā nibbāhāpetvā majjhegaṅgāya nadiyā sote opilāpeyyāsi.  
“If you’d follow my advice, householder, you’d have this heap of gold loaded on a cart and carried away to be dumped in the middle of the Ganges river.  
“sace, gahapati, bhojanaṁ dātabbaṁ, detha;  
“If there is food to be given, householder, please give it.  

dhammaṁ carati brāhmaṇagahapatikesu negamesu ceva jānapadesu ca;   He justly treated brahmins and householders, and people of town and country.  
dhammaṁ carati brāhmaṇagahapatikesu negamesu ceva jānapadesu ca;  
He justly treated brahmins and householders, and people of town and country.  
dhammaṁ carati brāhmaṇagahapatikesu negamesu ceva jānapadesu ca;  
He justly treats brahmins and householders, and people of town and country.  
Tathāhaṁ dhammaṁ carissāmi brāhmaṇagahapatikesu negamesu ceva jānapadesu ca;  
That way I shall justly treat brahmins and householders, and people of town and country.  

Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa gahapatissa ekaputtako piyo manāpo kālaṅkato hoti.   Now at that time a certain householder’s dear and beloved only child passed away.  
“na kho te, gahapati, sake citte ṭhitassa indriyāni, atthi te indriyānaṁ aññathattan”ti.  
“Your faculties, householder, are those of one who is unstable in their own mind; there is a deterioration in your faculties.”  
“Evametaṁ, gahapati, evametaṁ, gahapati.  
“That’s so true, householder! That’s so true, householder!  
evametaṁ, gahapati → evameva gahapati (bj sakideva); evametaṁ gahapati (pts1ed sakideva)  
Atha kho so gahapati yena te akkhadhuttā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā akkhadhutte etadavoca:  
That householder approached them and told them what had happened.  
“Evametaṁ, gahapati, evametaṁ, gahapati.  
“That’s so true, householder! That’s so true, householder!  
Atha kho so gahapati “sameti me akkhadhuttehī”ti pakkāmi.  
Thinking, “The gamblers and I are in agreement,” the householder left.  

Puna caparaṁ, bhante, rājānopi rājūhi vivadanti, khattiyāpi khattiyehi vivadanti, brāhmaṇāpi brāhmaṇehi vivadanti, gahapatayopi gahapatīhi vivadanti, mātāpi puttena vivadati, puttopi mātarā vivadati, pitāpi puttena vivadati, puttopi pitarā vivadati, bhātāpi bhaginiyā vivadati, bhaginīpi bhātarā vivadati, sahāyopi sahāyena vivadati.   Furthermore, kings fight with kings, aristocrats fight with aristocrats, brahmins fight with brahmins, householders fight with householders. A mother fights with her child, child with mother, father with child, and child with father. Brother fights with brother, brother with sister, sister with brother, and friend fights with friend.  
gahapatipaṇḍite …pe…  
some clever householders …  

Assosuṁ kho mithileyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:   The brahmins and householders of Mithilā heard:  
mithileyyakā → methileyyakā (bj, pts1ed)  
Atha kho mithileyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu, sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṁ sāvetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu; appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.  
Then the brahmins and householders of Mithilā went up to the Buddha. Before sitting down to one side, some bowed, some exchanged greetings and polite conversation, some held up their joined palms toward the Buddha, some announced their name and clan, while some kept silent.  
Yāvatā, bho, brāhmaṇagahapatikā mithilāyaṁ paṭivasanti, brahmāyu tesaṁ brāhmaṇo aggamakkhāyati— 
Of all the brahmins and householders residing in Mithilā, Brahmāyu is said to be the foremost in  

Taṁ dhammaṁ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṁ vā kule paccājāto.   A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in a good family.  

Assosuṁ kho opāsādakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:   The brahmins and householders of Opāsāda heard:  
Addasā kho caṅkī brāhmaṇo opāsādake brāhmaṇagahapatike opāsādā nikkhamitvā saṅghasaṅghī gaṇībhūte uttarenamukhaṁ yena devavanaṁ sālavanaṁ tenupasaṅkamante.  
He saw the brahmins and householders heading for the Godswood,  
“kiṁ nu kho, bho khatte, opāsādakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā opāsādā nikkhamitvā saṅghasaṅghī gaṇībhūtā uttarenamukhā gacchanti yena devavanaṁ sālavanan”ti?  
“My steward, why are the brahmins and householders heading north for the Godswood?”  
“Tena hi, bho khatte, yena opāsādakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā opāsādake brāhmaṇagahapatike evaṁ vadehi:  
“Well then, go to the brahmins and householders and say to them:  
Tamenaṁ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā upasaṅkamitvā tīsu dhammesu samannesati— 
A householder or their child approaches and scrutinizes them for three kinds of things:  

Dhanañjāni, āvuso, brāhmaṇo rājānaṁ nissāya brāhmaṇagahapatike vilumpati, brāhmaṇagahapatike nissāya rājānaṁ vilumpati.   Dhanañjāni robs the brahmins and householders in the name of the king, and he robs the king in the name of the brahmins and householders.  

anāgārehi cūbhayaṁ;   householders nor the homeless;  

Tena kho pana samayena subho māṇavo todeyyaputto sāvatthiyaṁ paṭivasati aññatarassa gahapatissa nivesane kenacideva karaṇīyena.   Now at that time the brahmin student Subha, Todeyya’s son, was residing in Sāvatthī at a certain householder’s home on some business.  
Atha kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto yassa gahapatissa nivesane paṭivasati taṁ gahapatiṁ etadavoca:  
Then Subha said to that householder,  
“sutaṁ metaṁ, gahapati:  
“Householder, I have heard that  
Atha kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto tassa gahapatissa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodi.  
Acknowledging that householder, Subha went to the Buddha and exchanged greetings with him.  

Taṁ dhammaṁ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṁ vā kule paccājāto.   A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in a good family.  

gahapatimahāsālānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjeyyan’ti.   well-to-do householders.’  

Tassa tathāvūpakaṭṭhassa viharato anvāvattanti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca.   While meditating withdrawn, they’re visited by a stream of brahmins and householders of the city and country.  
anvāvattanti → anvāvaṭṭanti (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed)  
Tassa tathāvūpakaṭṭhassa viharato anvāvattanti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca.  
While meditating withdrawn, they’re visited by a stream of brahmins and householders of the city and country.  
Tassa tathāvūpakaṭṭhassa viharato anvāvattanti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca.  
While meditating withdrawn, he’s visited by a stream of brahmins and householders of the city and country.  
Tassa tathāvūpakaṭṭhassa viharato anvāvattanti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamā ceva jānapadā ca.  
While meditating withdrawn, they’re visited by a stream of brahmins and householders of the city and country.  

“Asīti me, āvuso, vassāni pabbajitassa nābhijānāmi gahapaticīvaraṁ sāditā”.   “In these eighty years, I don’t recall accepting a robe from a householder …  

Taṁ dhammaṁ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṁ vā kule paccājāto.   A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in a good family.  

‘appamāṇaṁ, gahapati, cetovimuttiṁ bhāvehī’ti.   ‘Householder, develop the limitless release of heart.’  
appamāṇaṁ, gahapati, cetovimuttiṁ bhāvehī’ti → appamāṇā gahapati cetovimutti bhāvetabbāti (mr)  
‘mahaggataṁ, gahapati, cetovimuttiṁ bhāvehī’ti.  
‘Householder, develop the expansive release of heart.’  
“Tena hi, gahapati, taṁyevettha paṭibhātu, apaṇṇakante ito bhavissatī”ti.  
“Well then, householder, let me know what you think about this. Afterwards you’ll get it without fail.”  
Catasso kho imā gahapati, bhavūpapattiyo.  
Householder, there are these four kinds of rebirth in a future life.  
Hoti kho so, gahapati, samayo, yā tā devatā ekajjhaṁ sannipatanti, tāsaṁ ekajjhaṁ sannipatitānaṁ vaṇṇanānattañhi kho paññāyati no ca ābhānānattaṁ.  
There comes a time, householder, when the deities gather together as one. When they do so, a difference in their color is evident, but not in their radiance.  
“lābhā te, gahapati, suladdhaṁ te, gahapati,  
“You’re fortunate, householder, so very fortunate,  

Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa gahapatiratanaṁ pātubhavati.   Next, the householder-treasure appears to the wheel-turning monarch.  
Bhūtapubbaṁ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī tameva gahapatiratanaṁ vīmaṁsamāno nāvaṁ abhiruhitvā majjhe gaṅgāya nadiyā sotaṁ ogāhitvā gahapatiratanaṁ etadavoca:  
Once it so happened that the wheel-turning monarch, testing that same householder-treasure, boarded a boat and sailed to the middle of the Ganges river. Then he said to the householder-treasure,  
ogāhitvā → ogahetvā (bj, pts1ed)  
‘attho me, gahapati, hiraññasuvaṇṇenā’ti.  
‘Householder, I need gold coins and bullion.’  
‘Idheva me, gahapati, attho hiraññasuvaṇṇenā’ti.  
‘It’s right here, householder, that I need gold coins and bullion.’  
Atha kho taṁ, bhikkhave, gahapatiratanaṁ ubhohi hatthehi udake omasitvā pūraṁ hiraññasuvaṇṇassa kumbhiṁ uddharitvā rājānaṁ cakkavattiṁ etadavoca:  
Then that householder-treasure, immersing both hands in the water, pulled up a pot full of gold coin and bullion, and said to the king,  
‘alamettāvatā, gahapati. Katamettāvatā, gahapati. Pūjitamettāvatā, gahapatī’ti.  
‘That is sufficient, householder. Enough has been done, enough offered.’  
Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṁ gahapatiratanaṁ pātubhavati.  
Such is the householder-treasure that appears to the wheel-turning monarch.  
Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṁ piyo hoti manāpo.  
Furthermore, a wheel-turning monarch is as dear and beloved to the brahmins and householders  
Raññopi, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa brāhmaṇagahapatikā piyā honti manāpā.  
And the brahmins and householders are as dear to the wheel-turning monarch  
Atha kho, bhikkhave, brāhmaṇagahapatikā rājānaṁ cakkavattiṁ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṁsu:  
Then the brahmins and householders went up to him and said,  
‘ataramāno, sārathi, pesehi yathā maṁ brāhmaṇagahapatikā cirataraṁ passeyyun’ti.  
‘Drive slowly, charioteer, so I can see the brahmins and householders longer!’  
khattiyamahāsālakulaṁ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakulaṁ vā gahapatimahāsālakulaṁ vā tathārūpe kule paccājāyati aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe.  
They’d be reborn in a well-to-do family of aristocrats, brahmins, or householders—rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, and lots of money and grain.  

Tena kho pana samayena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno.   Now at that time the householder Anāthapiṇḍika was sick, suffering, gravely ill.  
‘anāthapiṇḍiko, bhante, gahapati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno.  
‘Sir, the householder Anāthapiṇḍika is sick, suffering, gravely ill.  
‘anāthapiṇḍiko, bhante, gahapati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno.  
‘Sir, the householder Anāthapiṇḍika is sick, suffering, gravely ill.  
“kacci te, gahapati, khamanīyaṁ, kacci yāpanīyaṁ? Kacci te dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti, no abhikkamanti; paṭikkamosānaṁ paññāyati, no abhikkamo”ti?  
“I hope you’re keeping well, householder; I hope you’re getting by. And I hope the pain is fading, not growing, that its fading is evident, not its growing.”  
“Tasmātiha te, gahapati, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ:  
“That’s why, householder, you should train like this:  
“olīyasi kho tvaṁ, gahapati, saṁsīdasi kho tvaṁ, gahapatī”ti?  
“Are you failing, householder? Are you fading, householder?”  
“Na kho, gahapati, gihīnaṁ odātavasanānaṁ evarūpī dhammī kathā paṭibhāti;  
“Householder, it does not occur to us to teach such a Dhamma talk to white-clothed laypeople.  
Atha kho āyasmā ca sāriputto āyasmā ca ānando anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ iminā ovādena ovaditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamiṁsu.  
And when the venerables Sāriputta and Ānanda had given the householder Anāthapiṇḍika this advice they got up from their seat and left.  
Anāthapiṇḍiko, bhante, gahapati āyasmante sāriputte abhippasanno ahosī”ti.  
For the householder Anāthapiṇḍika was devoted to Venerable Sāriputta.”  

Assosuṁ kho nagaravindeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:   The brahmins and householders of Nagaravinda heard,  
Atha kho nagaravindeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu; sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṁ sāvetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinne kho nagaravindeyyake brāhmaṇagahapatike bhagavā etadavoca:  
Then the brahmins and householders of Nagaravinda went up to the Buddha. Before sitting down to one side, some bowed, some exchanged greetings and polite conversation, some held up their joined palms toward the Buddha, some announced their name and clan, while some kept silent. The Buddha said to them:  
“Sace vo, gahapatayo, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṁ puccheyyuṁ:  
“Householders, if wanderers who follow another religion were to ask you:  
Evaṁ vutte, nagaravindeyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ:  
When he had spoken, the brahmins and householders of Nagaravinda said to the Buddha,  

Anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati āyasmante sāriputte abhippasanno ahosī”ti.   For the householder Anāthapiṇḍika was devoted to Venerable Sāriputta.”  

Atha kho maṁ, bhante, brāhmaṇagahapatikā upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṁ:   Then my brahmins and householders approached me and said,  
So khvāhaṁ, bhante, catutthaṁ dvāraṁ brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṁ adāsiṁ.  
And so I gave the fourth gate to my brahmins and householders.  

gahapatimahāsālā aḍḍhā mahaddhanā mahābhogā pahūtajātarūparajatā pahūtavittūpakaraṇā pahūtadhanadhaññā, tesampi jātānaṁ natthi aññatra jarāmaraṇā.   or householders—rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, and lots of money and grain—when they’re born, there’s no exemption from old age and death.  

“idhāhaṁ, bhante, aḍḍakaraṇe nisinno passāmi khattiyamahāsālepi brāhmaṇamahāsālepi gahapatimahāsālepi aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe kāmahetu kāmanidānaṁ kāmādhikaraṇaṁ sampajānamusā bhāsante.   “Sir, when I’m sitting in judgment I see well-to-do aristocrats, brahmins, and householders—rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, and lots of money and grain. But they tell deliberate lies for the sake of sensual pleasures.  
aḍḍakaraṇe → atthakaraṇe (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed); aṭṭakaraṇe (pts2ed)  
Yepi te, mahārāja, khattiyamahāsālā brāhmaṇamahāsālā gahapatimahāsālā aḍḍhā mahaddhanā mahābhogā pahūtajātarūparajatā pahūtavittūpakaraṇā pahūtadhanadhaññā kāmahetu kāmanidānaṁ kāmādhikaraṇaṁ sampajānamusā bhāsanti;  
Those who are well-to-do aristocrats, brahmins, and householders tell deliberate lies for the sake of sensual pleasures.  

“Idha, bhante, sāvatthiyaṁ seṭṭhi gahapati kālaṅkato.   “Sir, here in Sāvatthī a financier householder has passed away.  

“Idha, bhante, sāvatthiyaṁ seṭṭhi gahapati kālaṅkato.   “Sir, here in Sāvatthī a financier householder has passed away.  
Bhūtapubbaṁ so, mahārāja, seṭṭhi gahapati taggarasikhiṁ nāma paccekasambuddhaṁ piṇḍapātena paṭipādesi.  
Once upon a time, great king, that financier householder provided almsfood on behalf of an independent Buddha named Tagarasikhī.  

Idha, mahārāja, ekacco puggalo ucce kule paccājāto hoti, khattiyamahāsālakule vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakule vā gahapatimahāsālakule vā, aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe.   It’s when some person is reborn in an eminent family—a well-to-do family of aristocrats, brahmins, or householders—rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, and lots of money and grain.  
Idha, mahārāja, ekacco puggalo ucce kule paccājāto hoti, khattiyamahāsālakule vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakule vā gahapatimahāsālakule vā, aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe.  
It’s when some person is reborn in an eminent family—a well-to-do family of aristocrats, brahmins, or householders—rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, and lots of money and grain.  

Tena kho pana samayena pañcasāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā mārena pāpimatā anvāviṭṭhā bhavanti:   Now at that time Māra had possessed the brahmins and householders of Pañcasālā, so that they thought,  

Tena kho pana samayena khomadussakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā sabhāyaṁ sannipatitā honti kenacideva karaṇīyena, devo ca ekamekaṁ phusāyati.   Now at that time the brahmins and householders of Khomadussa were gathered in the council hall for some business, while a gentle rain drizzled down.  
Addasaṁsu khomadussakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṁ dūratova āgacchantaṁ.  
The brahmins and householders saw the Buddha coming off in the distance,  
Atha kho bhagavā khomadussake brāhmaṇagahapatike gāthāya ajjhabhāsi:  
Then the Buddha addressed the brahmins and householders of Khomadussa in verse:  
Evaṁ vutte, khomadussakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ:  
When he had spoken, the brahmins and householders of Khomadussa said to the Buddha,  

Tena kho pana samayena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati rājagahaṁ anuppatto hoti kenacideva karaṇīyena.   Now at that time the householder Anāthapiṇḍika had arrived at Rājagaha on some business.  
Abhikkama gahapati,  
Forward, householder!  
abhikkama gahapati;  
Forward, householder!  
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena sītavanaṁ yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami.  
Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went to the Cool Grove and approached the Buddha.  

Yassete caturo dhammā,   A faithful householder  

Ye gahaṭṭhā puññakarā,   I also worship those householders,  

5. Gahapativagga   5. Householders  
Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:  
Then the householder Anāthapiṇḍika went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. Seated to one side, the Buddha said to the householder Anāthapiṇḍika:  
“Yato kho, gahapati, ariyasāvakassa pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti, catūhi ca sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, ariyo cassa ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṁ byākareyya:  
“Householder, when a noble disciple has quelled five dangers and threats, has the four factors of stream-entry, and has clearly seen and comprehended the noble system with wisdom, they may, if they wish, declare of themselves:  

5. Gahapativagga   5. Householders  

5. Gahapativagga   5. Householders  

5. Gahapativagga   5. Householders  

5. Gahapativagga   5. Householders  

5. Gahapativagga   5. Householders  

5. Gahapativagga   5. Householders  

5. Gahapativagga   5. Householders  

5. Gahapativagga   5. Householders  

5. Gahapativagga   5. Householders  

Tasmātiha tvaṁ, kassapa, gahapatāni ceva cīvarāni dhārehi, nimantanāni ca bhuñjāhi, mama ca santike viharāhī”ti.   So Kassapa, you should wear clothes given by householders, accept invitations for the meal, and stay in my presence.”  
gahapatāni → gahapatikāni (bj)  

‘tādiso, tāta, bhavāhi yādiso citto ca gahapati hatthako ca āḷavako’ti.   ‘My darling, please be like the householder Citta and Hatthaka of Ãḷavī.’  
Esā, bhikkhave, tulā etaṁ pamāṇaṁ mama sāvakānaṁ upāsakānaṁ, yadidaṁ citto ca gahapati hatthako ca āḷavako.  
These are a standard and a measure for my male lay disciples, that is, the householder Citta and Hatthaka of Ãḷavī.  

Atha kho nakulapitā gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho nakulapitā gahapati bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:   Then the householder Nakula’s father went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to the Buddha:  
“Evametaṁ, gahapati, evametaṁ, gahapati.  
“That’s so true, householder! That’s so true, householder!  
Atha kho nakulapitā gahapati bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ sāriputtaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho nakulapitaraṁ gahapatiṁ āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca:  
And then the householder Nakula’s father approved and agreed with what the Buddha said. He got up from his seat, bowed, and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on his right. Then he went up to Venerable Sāriputta, bowed, and sat down to one side. Sāriputta said to him:  
“vippasannāni kho te, gahapati, indriyāni;  
“Householder, your faculties are so very clear,  
“Tena hi, gahapati, suṇāhi, sādhukaṁ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī”ti.  
“Well then, householder, listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”  

khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi.   astute aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and ascetics— 
khattiyapaṇḍitāpi …pe… samaṇapaṇḍitāpi.  
astute aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and ascetics— 

Atha kho hāliddikāni gahapati yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ mahākaccānaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho hāliddikāni gahapati āyasmantaṁ mahākaccānaṁ etadavoca:   Then the householder Hāliddikāni went up to Venerable Mahākaccāna, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him,  
hāliddikāni → haliddikāni (sya-all)  
“Rūpadhātu kho, gahapati, viññāṇassa oko.  
“Householder, the form element is a shelter for consciousness.  
Iti kho, gahapati, yaṁ taṁ vuttaṁ bhagavatā aṭṭhakavaggiye māgaṇḍiyapañhe:  
So, householder, that’s how to understand the detailed meaning of what the Buddha said in brief in the Chapter of the Eights, in ‘The Questions of Māgandiya’:  

Atha kho hāliddikāni gahapati yenāyasmā mahākaccāno …pe… ekamantaṁ nisinno kho hāliddikāni gahapati āyasmantaṁ mahākaccānaṁ etadavoca:   Then the householder Hāliddikāni went up to Venerable Mahākaccāna … and asked him,  
“Rūpadhātuyā kho, gahapati, yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā ye upayupādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā, tesaṁ khayā virāgā nirodhā cāgā paṭinissaggā ‘cittaṁ suvimuttanti’ vuccati.  
“Householder, consider any desire, greed, relishing, and craving for the form element; any attraction, grasping, mental fixation, insistence, and underlying tendencies. With the ending, fading away, cessation, giving away, and letting go of that, the mind is said to be ‘well freed’.  
Iti kho, gahapati, yaṁ taṁ vuttaṁ bhagavatā sakkapañhe:  
So, householder, that’s how to understand the detailed meaning of what the Buddha said in brief in ‘The Questions of Sakka’:  

Atha kho soṇo gahapatiputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami …pe…   Then the householder Soṇa went up to the Buddha …  

Atha kho soṇo gahapatiputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho soṇaṁ gahapatiputtaṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Then the householder Soṇa went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. The Buddha said to him:  

Seyyathāpi, āvuso yamaka, gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aḍḍho mahaddhano mahābhogo;   Suppose there was a householder or householder’s son who was rich, with a lot of money and great wealth,  
‘ayaṁ kho gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aḍḍho mahaddhano mahābhogo;  
‘This householder or householder’s son is rich, with a lot of money and great wealth,  
So taṁ gahapatiṁ vā gahapatiputtaṁ vā upasaṅkamitvā evaṁ vadeyya:  
So he goes up to that householder or householder’s son and says:  
Tamenaṁ so gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā upaṭṭhāpeyya.  
Then they would serve that householder or householder’s son.  
Tassa so gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā mittatopi naṁ saddaheyya;  
The householder or householder’s son would consider them as a friend  
saddaheyya → daheyya (sya-all, km, pts1ed, mr) 
‘saṁvissattho kho myāyaṁ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā’ti, atha naṁ rahogataṁ viditvā tiṇhena satthena jīvitā voropeyya.  
they’ve gained the trust of the householder or householder’s son, then, when they know he’s alone, they’d take his life with a sharp knife.  
yadā hi so puriso amuṁ gahapatiṁ vā gahapatiputtaṁ vā upasaṅkamitvā evaṁ āha:  
When that person went to the householder or householder’s son and offered to  

13. Gahapativagga   13. Householders  
Atha kho uggo gahapati vesāliko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho uggo gahapati vesāliko bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:  
Then the householder Ugga of Vesālī went up to the Buddha, sat down to one side, and said to him:  
“Santi kho, gahapati, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṁhitā rajanīyā.  
“Householder, there are sights known by the eye that are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing.  

13. Gahapativagga   13. Householders  
Atha kho uggo gahapati hatthigāmako yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho uggo gahapati hatthigāmako bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:  
Then the householder Ugga of Elephant Village went up to the Buddha, sat down to one side, and said to him:  

13. Gahapativagga   13. Householders  
Atha kho, upāli gahapati, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami …pe… ekamantaṁ nisinno kho, upāli gahapati, bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:  
Then the householder Upāli went up to the Buddha … and asked him,  

13. Gahapativagga   13. Householders  

13. Gahapativagga   13. Householders  
Atha kho soṇo gahapatiputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho soṇo gahapatiputto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:  
Then the householder Soṇa went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him:  

13. Gahapativagga   13. Householders  
Atha kho ghosito gahapati yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami …pe… ekamantaṁ nisinno kho ghosito gahapati āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etadavoca:  
Then the householder Ghosita went up to Venerable Ānanda, and said to him:  
“Saṁvijjati kho, gahapati, cakkhudhātu, rūpā ca manāpā, cakkhuviññāṇañca sukhavedaniyaṁ.  
“Householder, the eye element is found, as are agreeable sights, and eye consciousness.  

13. Gahapativagga   13. Householders  
Atha kho hāliddikāni gahapati yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkami …pe… ekamantaṁ nisinno kho hāliddikāni gahapati āyasmantaṁ mahākaccānaṁ etadavoca:  
Then the householder Hāliddikāni went up to Venerable Mahākaccāna … and asked him,  
hāliddikāni → hāliddakāni (bj, sya-all, km)  
“Idha, gahapati, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṁ disvā ‘manāpaṁ itthetan’ti pajānāti cakkhuviññāṇaṁ sukhavedaniyañca.  
“Householder, it’s when a mendicant sees a sight with the eye and understands it to be agreeable.  
sukhavedaniyañca → sukhavedanīyañca (bj); sukhavedanīyaṁ (bj); sukhavedaniyaṁ (sya-all, km, mr); sukhavedaniyaṁ (pts1ed)  

13. Gahapativagga   13. Householders  
Atha kho nakulapitā gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami …pe… ekamantaṁ nisinno kho nakulapitā gahapati bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:  
Then the householder Nakula’s father went up to the Buddha … and asked him,  
“Santi kho, gahapati, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṁhitā rajanīyā.  
“Householder, there are sights known by the eye that are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing.  

13. Gahapativagga   13. Householders  

13. Gahapativagga   13. Householders  

Tena kho pana samayena citto gahapati migapathakaṁ anuppatto hoti kenacideva karaṇīyena.   Now at that time the householder Citta had arrived at Migapathaka on some business.  
“Evaṁ, gahapatī”ti.  
“That’s right, householder.”  
“No hetaṁ, gahapati.  
“No, householder.  
“Lābhā te, gahapati, suladdhaṁ te, gahapati,  
“You’re fortunate, householder, so very fortunate,  

Atha kho citto gahapati yena therā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā there bhikkhū abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho citto gahapati there bhikkhū etadavoca:   Then Citta the householder went up to them, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to them,  
“Evañhi tvaṁ, gahapati, pucchasi:  
“Householder, is this your question:  

Atha kho citto gahapati yena therā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā there bhikkhū abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho citto gahapati there bhikkhū etadavoca:   Then Citta the householder went up to them, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to them,  
“Evañhi tvaṁ, gahapati, pucchasi:  
“Householder, is this your question:  
“Yā imā, gahapati, anekavihitā diṭṭhiyo loke uppajjanti:  
“Householder, there are many different views that arise in the world. For example:  
“Avantiyā kho, gahapati, āgacchāmī”ti.  
“I come from Avanti, householder.”  
“Evaṁ, gahapatī”ti.  
“Yes, householder.”  
“Evaṁ, gahapatī”ti.  
“Yes, householder.”  
“Kalyāṇaṁ vuccati, gahapatī”ti.  
“That’s nice of you to say, householder.”  

Atha kho citto gahapati yena therā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā there bhikkhū abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho citto gahapati there bhikkhū etadavoca:   Then Citta the householder went up to them, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to them,  
“Tena hi tvaṁ, gahapati, ālinde uttarāsaṅgaṁ paññapetvā tiṇakalāpaṁ okāsehī”ti.  
“Well, then, householder, place your upper robe on the porch and spread a handful of grass on it.”  
“alamettāvatā, gahapatī”ti?  
“Is that sufficient, householder?”  
“Kalyāṇaṁ vuccati, gahapatī”ti.  
“That’s nice of you to say, householder.”  

Atha kho citto gahapati yenāyasmā kāmabhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ kāmabhuṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho cittaṁ gahapatiṁ āyasmā kāmabhū etadavoca:   Then Citta the householder went up to Venerable Kāmabhū, bowed, and sat down to one side. Kāmabhū said to him,  
“Vuttamidaṁ, gahapati:  
“Householder, there is this saying:  
“Evaṁ, gahapatī”ti.  
“Yes, householder.”  
“Lābhā te, gahapati, suladdhaṁ te, gahapati.  
“You’re fortunate, householder, so very fortunate,  

Atha kho citto gahapati yenāyasmā kāmabhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho citto gahapati āyasmantaṁ kāmabhuṁ etadavoca:   Then Citta the householder went up to Venerable Kāmabhū, sat down to one side, and said to him:  
“Tayo kho, gahapati, saṅkhārā— 
“Householder, there are three processes.  
“Addhā kho tvaṁ, gahapati, yaṁ paṭhamaṁ pucchitabbaṁ taṁ pucchasi.  
“Well, householder, you’ve finally asked what you should have asked first!  

Atha kho citto gahapati yenāyasmā godatto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ godattaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho cittaṁ gahapatiṁ āyasmā godatto etadavoca:   Then Citta the householder went up to Venerable Godatta, bowed, and sat down to one side. Godatta said to him:  
“yā cāyaṁ, gahapati, appamāṇā cetovimutti, yā ca ākiñcaññā cetovimutti, yā ca suññatā cetovimutti, yā ca animittā cetovimutti, ime dhammā nānatthā nānābyañjanā udāhu ekatthā byañjanameva nānan”ti?  
“Householder, the limitless release of the heart, and the release of the heart through nothingness, and the release of the heart through emptiness, and the signless release of the heart: do these things differ in both meaning and phrasing? Or do they mean the same thing, and differ only in the phrasing?”  
“Lābhā te, gahapati, suladdhaṁ te, gahapati.  
“You’re fortunate, householder, so very fortunate,  

Assosi kho citto gahapati: “nigaṇṭho kira nāṭaputto macchikāsaṇḍaṁ anuppatto mahatiyā nigaṇṭhaparisāya saddhin”ti.   Citta the householder heard that they had arrived.  
“saddahasi tvaṁ, gahapati, samaṇassa gotamassa— 
“Householder, do you have faith in the ascetic Gotama’s claim that  
“idaṁ bhavanto passantu, yāva ujuko cāyaṁ citto gahapati, yāva asaṭho cāyaṁ citto gahapati, yāva amāyāvī cāyaṁ citto gahapati, vātaṁ vā so jālena bādhetabbaṁ maññeyya, yo vitakkavicāre nirodhetabbaṁ maññeyya, sakamuṭṭhinā vā so gaṅgāya sotaṁ āvāretabbaṁ maññeyya, yo vitakkavicāre nirodhetabbaṁ maññeyyā”ti.  
“See, good sirs, how straightforward this householder Citta is! He’s not devious or deceitful at all. To imagine that you can stop placing the mind and keeping it connected would be like imagining that you can catch the wind in a net, or dam the Ganges river with your own hand.”  
“Saddhāya kho, gahapati, ñāṇaṁyeva paṇītataran”ti.  
“Knowledge is definitely better than faith, householder.”  
“idaṁ bhavanto passantu, yāva anujuko cāyaṁ citto gahapati, yāva saṭho cāyaṁ citto gahapati, yāva māyāvī cāyaṁ citto gahapatī”ti.  
“See, good sirs, how crooked this householder Citta is! He’s so devious and deceitful!”  
‘evaṁ ājānāma idaṁ bhavanto passantu, yāva ujuko cāyaṁ citto gahapati, yāva asaṭho cāyaṁ citto gahapati, yāva amāyāvī cāyaṁ citto gahapatī’ti.  
‘See, good sirs, how straightforward this householder Citta is! He’s not devious or deceitful at all.’  
‘evaṁ ājānāma idaṁ bhavanto passantu, yāva anujuko cāyaṁ citto gahapati, yāva saṭho cāyaṁ citto gahapati, yāva māyāvī cāyaṁ citto gahapatī’ti.  
‘See, good sirs, how crooked this householder Citta is! He’s so devious and deceitful!’  

Assosi kho citto gahapati: “acelo kira kassapo macchikāsaṇḍaṁ anuppatto amhākaṁ purāṇagihisahāyo”ti.   Citta the householder heard that he had arrived.  
“Tiṁsamattāni kho me, gahapati, vassāni pabbajitassā”ti.  
“It’s been thirty years, householder.”  
“Imehi kho me, gahapati, tiṁsamattehi vassehi pabbajitassa natthi koci uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanaviseso adhigato phāsuvihāro, aññatra naggeyyā ca muṇḍeyyā ca pāvaḷanipphoṭanāya cā”ti.  
“I have no such achievement, householder, only nakedness, baldness, and pokes in the buttocks.”  
“Tuyhaṁ pana, gahapati, kīvaciraṁ upāsakattaṁ upagatassā”ti?  
“But householder, how long have you been a lay follower?”  
“Imehi pana te, gahapati, tiṁsamattehi vassehi atthi koci uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanaviseso adhigato phāsuvihāro”ti?  
“But householder, in these thirty years have you achieved any superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones, a meditation at ease?”  
‘natthi taṁ saṁyojanaṁ yena saṁyojanena saṁyutto citto gahapati puna imaṁ lokaṁ āgaccheyyā’”ti.  
‘The householder Citta is bound by no fetter that might return him to this world.’”  
Labheyyāhaṁ, gahapati, imasmiṁ dhammavinaye pabbajjaṁ, labheyyaṁ upasampadan”ti.  
Householder, may I receive the going forth, the ordination in this teaching and training?”  
Atha kho citto gahapati acelaṁ kassapaṁ ādāya yena therā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā there bhikkhū etadavoca:  
Then Citta the householder took the naked ascetic Kassapa to see the senior mendicants, and said to them:  

Tena kho pana samayena citto gahapati ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno.   Now at that time the householder Citta was sick, suffering, gravely ill.  
“paṇidhehi, gahapati, anāgatamaddhānaṁ rājā assaṁ cakkavattī”ti.  
“Householder, make a wish to become a wheel-turning monarch in the future!”  
‘paṇidhehi, gahapati, anāgatamaddhānaṁ rājā assaṁ cakkavattī’ti.  
‘Householder, make a wish to become a wheel-turning monarch in the future!’  
‘ayaṁ kho citto gahapati, sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo.  
‘This householder Citta is ethical, of good character.  
sīlavā → sīlavanto (mr) 
‘paṇidhehi, gahapati, anāgatamaddhānaṁ rājā assaṁ cakkavattī’ti.  
‘Householder, make a wish to become a wheel-turning monarch in the future!’  
Cittasaṁyuttaṁ samattaṁ. 
The Linked Discourses on Citta the Householder are complete. 

‘ambho, ayaṁ puriso gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā musāvādena atthaṁ bhañji,   ‘Mister, that man has ruined a householder or householder’s child by lying.  

Tena kho pana samayena sirivaḍḍho gahapati ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno.   Now at that time the householder Sirivaḍḍha was sick, suffering, gravely ill.  
sirivaḍḍho → sirīvaḍḍho (mr)  
‘sirivaḍḍho, bhante, gahapati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno.  
‘Sir, the householder Sirivaḍḍha is sick, suffering, gravely ill.  
Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena sirivaḍḍhassa gahapatissa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho āyasmā ānando sirivaḍḍhaṁ gahapatiṁ etadavoca:  
Then Venerable Ānanda robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, went to the home of the householder Sirivaḍḍha, sat down on the seat spread out, and said to him:  
“kacci te, gahapati, khamanīyaṁ kacci yāpanīyaṁ, kacci dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti, no abhikkamanti; paṭikkamosānaṁ paññāyati, no abhikkamo”ti?  
“I hope you’re keeping well, householder; I hope you’re getting by. And I hope the pain is fading, not growing, that its fading is evident, not its growing.”  
“Lābhā te, gahapati, suladdhaṁ te, gahapati.  
“You’re fortunate, householder, so very fortunate!  

Tena kho pana samayena mānadinno gahapati ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno.   Now at that time the householder Mānadinna was sick, suffering, gravely ill.  
“Lābhā te, gahapati, suladdhaṁ te, gahapati.  
“You’re fortunate, householder, so very fortunate!  

Atha kho dīghāvu upāsako pitaraṁ jotikaṁ gahapatiṁ āmantesi:   Then he addressed his father, the householder Jotika,  
“ehi tvaṁ, gahapati, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena bhagavato pāde sirasā vanda:  
“Please, householder, go to the Buddha, and in my name bow with your head to his feet. Say to him:  

Assosuṁ kho te veḷudvāreyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā:   The brahmins and householders of Bamboo Gate heard:  
Atha kho te veḷudvāreyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu; sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṁ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṁ sāvetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho te veḷudvāreyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ:  
Then the brahmins and householders of Bamboo Gate went up to the Buddha. Before sitting down to one side, some bowed, some exchanged greetings and polite conversation, some held up their joined palms toward the Buddha, some announced their name and clan, while some kept silent. Seated to one side they said to the Buddha:  
“Attupanāyikaṁ vo, gahapatayo, dhammapariyāyaṁ desessāmi.  
“Householders, I will teach you an explanation of the Dhamma that applies to oneself.  
Evaṁ vutte, veḷudvāreyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ:  
When he had spoken, the brahmins and householders of Bamboo Gate said to the Buddha,  

Tena kho pana samayena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno.   Now at that time the householder Anāthapiṇḍika was sick, suffering, gravely ill.  
‘anāthapiṇḍiko, bhante, gahapati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno.  
‘Sir, the householder Anāthapiṇḍika is sick, suffering, gravely ill.  
“kacci te, gahapati, khamanīyaṁ kacci yāpanīyaṁ? Kacci dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti, no abhikkamanti; paṭikkamosānaṁ paññāyati, no abhikkamo”ti?  
“I hope you’re keeping well, householder; I hope you’re getting by. And I hope the pain is fading, not growing, that its fading is evident, not its growing.”  
“Yathārūpena kho, gahapati, buddhe appasādena samannāgato assutavā puthujjano kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati tathārūpo te buddhe appasādo natthi.  
“Householder, you don’t have the distrust in the Buddha that causes an unlearned ordinary person to be reborn—when their body breaks up, after death—in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.  
“Āyasmatā, bhante, sāriputtena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati iminā ca iminā ca ovādena ovadito”ti.  
“Sir, Venerable Sāriputta advised the householder Anāthapiṇḍika in this way and that.”  

Tena kho pana samayena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno.   Now at that time the householder Anāthapiṇḍika was sick, suffering, gravely ill.  
‘anāthapiṇḍiko, bhante, gahapati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno.  
‘Sir, the householder Anāthapiṇḍika is sick, suffering, gravely ill.  
Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho āyasmā ānando anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ etadavoca:  
Then Venerable Ānanda robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, went to the home of the householder Anāthapiṇḍika. He sat down on the seat spread out and said to Anāthapiṇḍika,  
“kacci te, gahapati, khamanīyaṁ, kacci yāpanīyaṁ? Kacci dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti, no abhikkamanti; paṭikkamosānaṁ paññāyati, no abhikkamo”ti?  
“I hope you’re keeping well, householder; I hope you’re getting by. And I hope the pain is fading, not growing; that its fading, not its growing, is apparent.”  
“Catūhi kho, gahapati, dhammehi samannāgatassa assutavato puthujjanassa hoti uttāso, hoti chambhitattaṁ, hoti samparāyikaṁ maraṇabhayaṁ.  
“Householder, when an unlearned ordinary person has four things, they’re frightened and terrified, and fear what awaits them after death.  
“Lābhā te, gahapati, suladdhaṁ te, gahapati.  
“You’re fortunate, householder, so very fortunate!  

Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ bhagavā etadavoca:   Seated to one side, the Buddha said to the householder Anāthapiṇḍika:  
“yato kho, gahapati, ariyasāvakassa pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni ca honti, catūhi ca sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, ariyo cassa ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṁ byākareyya:  
“Householder, when a noble disciple has quelled five dangers and threats, has the four factors of stream-entry, and has clearly seen and comprehended the noble system with wisdom, they may, if they wish, declare of themselves: