“Ye keci, bhikkhave, dhammā akusalā akusalabhāgiyā akusalapakkhikā, sabbe te manopubbaṅgamā.  
“Mendicants, intention shapes all phenomena whatsoever that are unskillful, part of the unskillful, on the side of the unskillful.
“Ye keci, bhikkhave, dhammā kusalā kusalabhāgiyā kusalapakkhikā, sabbe te manopubbaṅgamā.  
“Mendicants, intention shapes all phenomena whatsoever that are skillful, part of the skillful, on the side of the skillful.

Rāgaṁ pahāya, dosaṁ pahāya, mohaṁ pahāya yaṁ akusalaṁ na taṁ karoti, yaṁ pāpaṁ na taṁ sevati.  
Then you don’t do anything unskillful, or practice anything bad.
‘ahaṁ kho akusalaṁ āpanno kañcideva desaṁ kāyena.  
‘I have committed a certain unskillful offense with the body. kañcideva → kiñcideva (mr)
Maṁ so bhikkhu addasa akusalaṁ āpajjamānaṁ kañcideva desaṁ kāyena.  
That mendicant saw me do this. Maṁ so → tasmā maṁ so (sya-all); taṁ maṁ so (pts1ed)
No ce ahaṁ akusalaṁ āpajjeyyaṁ kañcideva desaṁ kāyena, na maṁ so bhikkhu passeyya akusalaṁ āpajjamānaṁ kañcideva desaṁ kāyena.  
If I hadn’t committed that offense, they wouldn’t have seen me.
Yasmā ca kho, ahaṁ akusalaṁ āpanno kañcideva desaṁ kāyena, tasmā maṁ so bhikkhu addasa akusalaṁ āpajjamānaṁ kañcideva desaṁ kāyena.  
But since I did commit that offense, they did see me.
Disvā ca pana maṁ so bhikkhu akusalaṁ āpajjamānaṁ kañcideva desaṁ kāyena anattamano ahosi.  
When they saw me, they were upset,
‘ayaṁ kho bhikkhu akusalaṁ āpanno kañcideva desaṁ kāyena.  
‘This mendicant has committed a certain unskillful offense with the body.
Ahaṁ imaṁ bhikkhuṁ addasaṁ akusalaṁ āpajjamānaṁ kañcideva desaṁ kāyena.  
I saw them do that.
No ce ayaṁ bhikkhu akusalaṁ āpajjeyya kañcideva desaṁ kāyena, nāhaṁ imaṁ bhikkhuṁ passeyyaṁ akusalaṁ āpajjamānaṁ kañcideva desaṁ kāyena.  
If they hadn’t committed that offense, I wouldn’t have seen them.
Yasmā ca kho, ayaṁ bhikkhu akusalaṁ āpanno kañcideva desaṁ kāyena, tasmā ahaṁ imaṁ bhikkhuṁ addasaṁ akusalaṁ āpajjamānaṁ kañcideva desaṁ kāyena.  
But since they did commit that offense, I did see them.
Disvā ca panāhaṁ imaṁ bhikkhuṁ akusalaṁ āpajjamānaṁ kañcideva desaṁ kāyena anattamano ahosiṁ.  
When I saw them, I was upset,
“Akusalaṁ, bhikkhave, pajahatha.  
“Mendicants, give up the unskillful.
Sakkā, bhikkhave, akusalaṁ pajahituṁ.  
It is possible to give up the unskillful.
No cedaṁ, bhikkhave, sakkā abhavissa akusalaṁ pajahituṁ, nāhaṁ evaṁ vadeyyaṁ:  
If it wasn’t possible, I wouldn’t say: cedaṁ → no ce taṁ (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed, mr)
‘akusalaṁ, bhikkhave, pajahathā’ti.  
‘Give up the unskillful.’
Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, sakkā akusalaṁ pajahituṁ tasmāhaṁ evaṁ vadāmi:  
But it is possible, and so I say:
‘akusalaṁ, bhikkhave, pajahathā’ti.  
‘Give up the unskillful.’
Akusalañca hidaṁ, bhikkhave, pahīnaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya saṁvatteyya nāhaṁ evaṁ vadeyyaṁ:  
And if giving up the unskillful led to harm and suffering, I would not say: Akusalañca hidaṁ, bhikkhave → akusalaṁ bhikkhave (mr) "
‘akusalaṁ, bhikkhave, pajahathā’ti.  
‘Give up the unskillful.’
Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, akusalaṁ pahīnaṁ hitāya sukhāya saṁvattati tasmāhaṁ evaṁ vadāmi:  
But giving up the unskillful leads to welfare and happiness, so I say:
‘akusalaṁ, bhikkhave, pajahathā’”ti.  
‘Give up the unskillful.’
“Kusalaṁ, bhikkhave, bhāvetha.  
Mendicants, develop the skillful.
Sakkā, bhikkhave, kusalaṁ bhāvetuṁ.  
It is possible to develop the skillful.
No cedaṁ, bhikkhave, sakkā abhavissa kusalaṁ bhāvetuṁ, nāhaṁ evaṁ vadeyyaṁ:  
If it wasn’t possible, I wouldn’t say:
‘kusalaṁ, bhikkhave, bhāvethā’ti.  
‘Develop the skillful.’
Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, sakkā kusalaṁ bhāvetuṁ tasmāhaṁ evaṁ vadāmi:  
But it is possible, and so I say:
‘kusalaṁ, bhikkhave, bhāvethā’ti.  
‘Develop the skillful.’
Kusalañca hidaṁ, bhikkhave, bhāvitaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya saṁvatteyya, nāhaṁ evaṁ vadeyyaṁ:  
If developing the skillful led to harm and suffering I wouldn’t say:
‘kusalaṁ, bhikkhave, bhāvethā’ti.  
‘Develop the skillful.’
Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, kusalaṁ bhāvitaṁ hitāya sukhāya saṁvattati tasmāhaṁ evaṁ vadāmi:  
But developing the skillful leads to welfare and happiness, so I say:
‘kusalaṁ, bhikkhave, bhāvethā’”ti.  
‘Develop the skillful.’”

Gihī vā, bhikkhave, pabbajito vā micchāpaṭipanno micchāpaṭipattādhikaraṇahetu na ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
Because of wrong practice, neither laypeople nor renunciates succeed in completing the system of the skillful teaching.
Gihī vā, bhikkhave, pabbajito vā sammāpaṭipanno sammāpaṭipattādhikaraṇahetu ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalan”ti.  
Because of right practice, both laypeople and renunciates succeed in completing the system of the skillful teaching.”

Dhātukusalatā ca manasikārakusalatā ca.  
Skill in the elements and skill in application of mind.
Āpattikusalatā ca āpattivuṭṭhānakusalatā ca.  
Skill in offenses and skill in rehabilitation from offenses.

Samāpattikusalatā ca samāpattivuṭṭhānakusalatā ca.  
Skill in meditative attainments and skill in emerging from those attainments.

17. Akusalapeyyāla  
The Chapter of Abbreviated Texts Beginning With the Unskillful
Akusalapeyyālaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ. "  

Akusalasutta  
Unskillful

Akusalañca sāvajjaṁ,  
"

Evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu abhabbo anadhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigantuṁ, adhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ phātiṁ kātuṁ.  
In the same way, a mendicant who has three qualities is unable to acquire more skillful qualities or to increase the skillful qualities they’ve already acquired.
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu abhabbo anadhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigantuṁ, adhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ phātiṁ kātuṁ.  
A mendicant who has these three qualities is unable to acquire more skillful qualities or to increase the skillful qualities they’ve already acquired.
Evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo anadhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigantuṁ, adhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ phātiṁ kātuṁ.  
In the same way, a mendicant who has three qualities is able to acquire more skillful qualities or to increase the skillful qualities they’ve already acquired.
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo anadhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigantuṁ, adhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ phātiṁ kātun”ti.  
A mendicant who has these three qualities is able to acquire more skillful qualities or to increase the skillful qualities they’ve already acquired.” "

So attānaṁyeva adhipatiṁ karitvā akusalaṁ pajahati, kusalaṁ bhāveti, sāvajjaṁ pajahati, anavajjaṁ bhāveti, suddhaṁ attānaṁ pariharati.  
Putting themselves in charge, they give up the unskillful and develop the skillful, they give up the blameworthy and develop the blameless, and they keep themselves pure.
So lokaṁyeva adhipatiṁ karitvā akusalaṁ pajahati, kusalaṁ bhāveti, sāvajjaṁ pajahati, anavajjaṁ bhāveti, suddhaṁ attānaṁ pariharati.  
Putting the world in charge, they give up the unskillful and develop the skillful, they give up the blameworthy and develop the blameless, and they keep themselves pure.
So dhammaṁyeva adhipatiṁ karitvā akusalaṁ pajahati, kusalaṁ bhāveti, sāvajjaṁ pajahati, anavajjaṁ bhāveti, suddhaṁ attānaṁ pariharati.  
Putting the teaching in charge, they give up the unskillful and develop the skillful, they give up the blameworthy and develop the blameless, and they keep themselves pure.

Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nekkhaṁ jambonadaṁ dakkhakammāraputtasuparikammakataṁ ukkāmukhe sukusalasampahaṭṭhaṁ paṇḍukambale nikkhittaṁ bhāsate ca tapate ca virocati ca;  
or a pendant of river gold, fashioned by a deft smith, well-wrought in the forge, and placed on a cream rug where it shines and glows and radiates.

‘ahu pubbe lobho, tadahu akusalaṁ, so etarahi natthi, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ;  
‘Formerly there was greed, which was unskillful. Now there is none, so that’s skillful.
ahu pubbe moho, tadahu akusalaṁ, so etarahi natthi, iccetaṁ kusalan’ti.  
Formerly there was delusion, which was unskillful. Now there is none, so that’s skillful.’

Akusalamūlasutta  
Unskillful Roots
“Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, akusalamūlāni.  
“Mendicants, there are these three unskillful roots.
Lobho akusalamūlaṁ, doso akusalamūlaṁ, moho akusalamūlaṁ.  
Greed, hate, and delusion.
Yadapi, bhikkhave, lobho tadapi akusalamūlaṁ;  
Greed is a root of the unskillful. akusalamūlaṁ → akusalaṁ (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed)
yadapi luddho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi akusalaṁ;  
When a greedy person chooses to act by way of body, speech, or mind, that too is unskillful. vācāya → vācā (bj) | akusalaṁ → akusalamūlaṁ (mr)
yadapi luddho lobhena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto parassa asatā dukkhaṁ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi akusalaṁ.  
When a greedy person, overcome by greed, causes another to suffer under a false pretext—by execution or imprisonment or confiscation or condemnation or banishment—thinking ‘I’m powerful, I want power’, that too is unskillful. uppādayati → upadahati (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed) | akusalaṁ → idaṁ pana sabbatthapi evameva
Yadapi, bhikkhave, doso tadapi akusalamūlaṁ;  
Hate is a root of the unskillful.
yadapi duṭṭho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi akusalaṁ;  
When a hateful person chooses to act by way of body, speech, or mind, that too is unskillful.
yadapi duṭṭho dosena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto parassa asatā dukkhaṁ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi akusalaṁ.  
When a hateful person, overcome by hate, causes another to suffer under a false pretext—by execution or imprisonment or confiscation or condemnation or banishment—thinking ‘I’m powerful, I want power’, that too is unskillful.
Yadapi, bhikkhave, moho tadapi akusalamūlaṁ;  
Delusion is a root of the unskillful.
yadapi mūḷho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi akusalaṁ;  
When a deluded person chooses to act by way of body, speech, or mind, that too is unskillful.
yadapi mūḷho mohena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto parassa asatā dukkhaṁ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi akusalaṁ.  
When a deluded person, overcome by delusion, causes another to suffer under a false pretext—by execution or imprisonment or confiscation or condemnation or banishment—thinking ‘I’m powerful, I want power’, that too is unskillful.
Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi akusalamūlānīti.  
These are the three unskillful roots.
Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, kusalamūlāni.  
There are these three skillful roots.
Alobho kusalamūlaṁ, adoso kusalamūlaṁ, amoho kusalamūlaṁ.  
Contentment, love, and understanding.
Yadapi, bhikkhave, alobho tadapi kusalamūlaṁ;  
Contentment is a root of the skillful. kusalamūlaṁ → kusalaṁ (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed)
yadapi aluddho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi kusalaṁ;  
When a contented person chooses to act by way of body, speech, or mind, that too is skillful. kusalaṁ → kusalamūlaṁ (mr)
yadapi aluddho lobhena anabhibhūto apariyādinnacitto na parassa asatā dukkhaṁ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi kusalaṁ.  
When a contented person, not overcome by greed, doesn’t cause another to suffer under a false pretext—by execution or imprisonment or confiscation or condemnation or banishment—thinking ‘I’m powerful, I want power’, that too is skillful.
Yadapi, bhikkhave, adoso tadapi kusalamūlaṁ;  
Love is a root of the skillful.
yadapi aduṭṭho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi kusalaṁ;  
When a loving person chooses to act by way of body, speech, or mind, that too is skillful.
yadapi aduṭṭho dosena anabhibhūto apariyādinnacitto na parassa asatā dukkhaṁ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi kusalaṁ.  
When a loving person, not overcome by hate, doesn’t cause another to suffer under a false pretext—by execution or imprisonment or confiscation or condemnation or banishment—thinking ‘I’m powerful, I want power’, that too is skillful.
Yadapi, bhikkhave, amoho tadapi kusalamūlaṁ;  
Understanding is a root of the skillful.
yadapi amūḷho abhisaṅkharoti kāyena vācāya manasā tadapi kusalaṁ;  
When an understanding person chooses to act by way of body, speech, or mind, that too is skillful.
yadapi amūḷho mohena anabhibhūto apariyādinnacitto na parassa asatā dukkhaṁ uppādayati vadhena vā bandhanena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā balavamhi balattho itipi tadapi kusalaṁ.  
When an understanding person, not overcome by delusion, doesn’t cause another to suffer under a false pretext—by execution or imprisonment or confiscation or condemnation or banishment—thinking ‘I’m powerful, I want power’, that too is skillful.
Imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi kusalamūlānī”ti.  
These are the three skillful roots.” "

So tvaṁ rāgassa pahānā dosassa pahānā mohassa pahānā yaṁ akusalaṁ na taṁ karissasi, yaṁ pāpaṁ na taṁ sevissasī”ti.  
Then you won’t do anything unskillful, or practice anything bad.”
So rāgassa pahānā dosassa pahānā mohassa pahānā yaṁ akusalaṁ taṁ nākāsi, yaṁ pāpaṁ taṁ na sevīti.  
Then he didn’t do anything unskillful, or practice anything bad. "

Accayo maṁ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ yassa me bhagavati sikkhāpadapaṭisaṁyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya bhikkhū sandassente samādapente samuttejente sampahaṁsente ahudeva akkhanti ahu appaccayo:  
“I have made a mistake, sir. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of me to become impatient and bitter when the Buddha was educating, encouraging, firing up, and inspiring the mendicants with a Dhamma talk about the training rules, and to think,
“Taggha taṁ, kassapa, accayo accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yassa te mayi sikkhāpadapaṭisaṁyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya bhikkhū sandassente samādapente samuttejente sampahaṁsente ahudeva akkhanti ahu appaccayo:  
“Indeed, Kassapa, you made a mistake. Taggha taṁ → taggha tvaṁ (bj, pts1ed) "

Yaṁ, bhikkhave, lobhapakataṁ kammaṁ lobhajaṁ lobhanidānaṁ lobhasamudayaṁ, taṁ kammaṁ akusalaṁ taṁ kammaṁ sāvajjaṁ taṁ kammaṁ dukkhavipākaṁ, taṁ kammaṁ kammasamudayāya saṁvattati, na taṁ kammaṁ kammanirodhāya saṁvattati.  
Any deed that emerges from greed, hate, or delusion—born, sourced, and originated from greed, hate, or delusion—is unskillful, blameworthy, results in suffering, and leads to the creation of more deeds, not their cessation.
Yaṁ, bhikkhave, dosapakataṁ kammaṁ dosajaṁ dosanidānaṁ dosasamudayaṁ, taṁ kammaṁ akusalaṁ taṁ kammaṁ sāvajjaṁ taṁ kammaṁ dukkhavipākaṁ, taṁ kammaṁ kammasamudayāya saṁvattati, na taṁ kammaṁ kammanirodhāya saṁvattati.  
an3.111
Yaṁ, bhikkhave, mohapakataṁ kammaṁ mohajaṁ mohanidānaṁ mohasamudayaṁ, taṁ kammaṁ akusalaṁ taṁ kammaṁ sāvajjaṁ taṁ kammaṁ dukkhavipākaṁ, taṁ kammaṁ kammasamudayāya saṁvattati, na taṁ kammaṁ kammanirodhāya saṁvattati.  
an3.111
Yaṁ, bhikkhave, alobhapakataṁ kammaṁ alobhajaṁ alobhanidānaṁ alobhasamudayaṁ, taṁ kammaṁ kusalaṁ taṁ kammaṁ anavajjaṁ taṁ kammaṁ sukhavipākaṁ, taṁ kammaṁ kammanirodhāya saṁvattati, na taṁ kammaṁ kammasamudayāya saṁvattati.  
Any deed that emerges from contentment, love, or understanding—born, sourced, and originated from contentment, love, or understanding—is skillful, blameless, results in happiness, and leads to the cessation of more deeds, not their creation.
Yaṁ, bhikkhave, adosapakataṁ kammaṁ adosajaṁ adosanidānaṁ adosasamudayaṁ, taṁ kammaṁ kusalaṁ taṁ kammaṁ anavajjaṁ taṁ kammaṁ sukhavipākaṁ, taṁ kammaṁ kammanirodhāya saṁvattati, na taṁ kammaṁ kammasamudayāya saṁvattati.  
an3.111
Yaṁ, bhikkhave, amohapakataṁ kammaṁ amohajaṁ amohanidānaṁ amohasamudayaṁ, taṁ kammaṁ kusalaṁ taṁ kammaṁ anavajjaṁ taṁ kammaṁ sukhavipākaṁ, taṁ kammaṁ kammanirodhāya saṁvattati, na taṁ kammaṁ kammasamudayāya saṁvattati.  
an3.111

Akusalasutta  
Unskillful

Akusalañca sāvajjaṁ,  
an3.155

bahu’ssa janatā ariye ñāye patiṭṭhāpitā, yadidaṁ kalyāṇadhammatā kusaladhammatā.  
They’ve established many people in the noble system, that is, the principles of goodness and skillfulness.
bahu te janatā ariye ñāye patiṭṭhāpitā, yadidaṁ kalyāṇadhammatā kusaladhammatā.  
an4.35 bahu te → bahussa (sya-all, km, mr)
bahu me janatā ariye ñāye patiṭṭhāpitā, yadidaṁ kalyāṇadhammatā kusaladhammatā.  
an4.35 bahu me → bahussa (sya-all, km, mr)

Bhāvayaṁ kusalaṁ dhammaṁ,  
developing skillful qualities,

Karontākusalaṁ kammaṁ,  
do unskillful deeds kammaṁ → dhammaṁ (mr)

“accayo maṁ, bhante, accagamā, yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yāhaṁ evamakāsiṁ.  
“I have made a mistake, sir. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of me to act in that way.
“Taggha taṁ, bhagini, accayo accagamā, yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yā tvaṁ evamakāsi.  
“Indeed, sister, you made a mistake. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of you to act in that way. Taggha taṁ → taggha tvaṁ (pts1ed, mr) "

‘akataṁ vata me kalyāṇaṁ, akataṁ kusalaṁ, akataṁ bhīruttāṇaṁ;  
‘Well, I haven’t done good and skillful things that keep me safe.
kataṁ kalyāṇaṁ, kataṁ kusalaṁ, kataṁ bhīruttāṇaṁ.  
And I have done good and skillful deeds that keep me safe.

“Idaṁ akusalanti kho, upaka, mayā paññattaṁ.  
“Upaka, I’ve declared: ‘This is unskillful.’
itipidaṁ akusalanti.  
‘This is another way of saying that this is unskillful.’
Taṁ kho panidaṁ akusalaṁ pahātabbanti kho, upaka, mayā paññattaṁ.  
I’ve declared: ‘The unskillful should be given up.’
itipidaṁ akusalaṁ pahātabbanti.  
‘This is another way of saying that the unskillful should be given up.’
Idaṁ kusalanti kho, upaka, mayā paññattaṁ.  
I’ve declared that: ‘This is skillful.’
itipidaṁ kusalanti.  
‘This is another way of saying that this is skillful.’
Taṁ kho panidaṁ kusalaṁ bhāvetabbanti kho, upaka, mayā paññattaṁ.  
I’ve declared: ‘The skillful should be developed.’
itipidaṁ kusalaṁ bhāvetabban”ti.  
‘This is another way of saying that the skillful should be developed.’”

Sabbe cepi, bhaddiya, khattiyā imāya āvaṭṭaniyā āvaṭṭeyyuṁ akusaladhammappahānāya kusaladhammūpasampadāya, sabbesampissa khattiyānaṁ dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya.  
If all the aristocrats, brahmins, peasants, and menials were to be converted by this, it would be for their lasting welfare and happiness.
Sabbe cepi, bhaddiya, brāhmaṇā … vessā … suddā āvaṭṭeyyuṁ akusaladhammappahānāya kusaladhammūpasampadāya, sabbesampissa suddānaṁ dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya.  
an4.193
Sadevako cepi, bhaddiya, loko samārako sabrahmako sassamaṇabrāhmaṇī pajā sadevamanussā imāya āvaṭṭaniyā āvaṭṭeyyuṁ akusaladhammappahānāya kusaladhammūpasampadāya, sadevakassapissa lokassa samārakassa sabrahmakassa sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya.  
If the whole world—with its gods, Māras and Brahmās, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—were to be converted by this, for giving up unskillful qualities and embracing skillful qualities, it would be for their lasting welfare and happiness. āvaṭṭeyyuṁ → āvaṭṭeyya (?)
Ime cepi, bhaddiya, mahāsālā imāya āvaṭṭaniyā āvaṭṭeyyuṁ akusaladhammappahānāya kusaladhammūpasampadāya, imesampissa mahāsālānaṁ dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya (…).  
If these great sal trees were to be converted by this, for giving up unskillful qualities and embracing skillful qualities, it would be for their lasting welfare and happiness—if they were sentient. (…) → (sace ceteyyuṁ) (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed); (āvaṭṭeyyuṁ) (mr) "

Samāpattisutta  
Becoming Samāpattisutta → akusalasamāpattisuttaṁ (bj)
“Na tāva, bhikkhave, akusalassa samāpatti hoti yāva saddhā paccupaṭṭhitā hoti kusalesu dhammesu.  
“Mendicants, you don’t become unskillful as long as faith is established in skillful qualities.
atha akusalassa samāpatti hoti.  
you become unskillful.
Na tāva, bhikkhave, akusalassa samāpatti hoti yāva hirī paccupaṭṭhitā hoti kusalesu dhammesu.  
You don’t become unskillful as long as conscience … prudence … energy … wisdom is established in skillful qualities.
atha akusalassa samāpatti hoti.  
an5.6
Na tāva, bhikkhave, akusalassa samāpatti hoti yāva ottappaṁ paccupaṭṭhitaṁ hoti kusalesu dhammesu.  
an5.6
atha akusalassa samāpatti hoti.  
an5.6
Na tāva, bhikkhave, akusalassa samāpatti hoti yāva vīriyaṁ paccupaṭṭhitaṁ hoti kusalesu dhammesu.  
an5.6
atha akusalassa samāpatti hoti.  
an5.6
Na tāva, bhikkhave, akusalassa samāpatti hoti yāva paññā paccupaṭṭhitā hoti kusalesu dhammesu.  
an5.6
atha akusalassa samāpatti hotī”ti.  
you become unskillful.” "

Akusalarāsisutta  
A Heap of the Unskillful
“Akusalarāsīti, bhikkhave, vadamāno pañca nīvaraṇe sammā vadamāno vadeyya.  
“Mendicants, rightly speaking, you’d call the five hindrances a ‘heap of the unskillful’. vadamāno pañca nīvaraṇe → ime pañcanīvaraṇe (bj)
Kevalo hāyaṁ, bhikkhave, akusalarāsi yadidaṁ pañca nīvaraṇā.  
For these five hindrances are entirely a heap of the unskillful. hāyaṁ → hayaṁ (bj, pts1ed); cāyaṁ (sya-all, km); sāyaṁ (mr) "
Akusalarāsīti, bhikkhave, vadamāno ime pañca nīvaraṇe sammā vadamāno vadeyya.  
Rightly speaking, you’d call these five hindrances a ‘heap of the unskillful’.
Kevalo hāyaṁ, bhikkhave, akusalarāsi yadidaṁ pañca nīvaraṇā”ti.  
For these five hindrances are entirely a heap of the unskillful.” "

‘sace me pañhaṁ puṭṭho sammadeva byākarissati iccetaṁ kusalaṁ, no ce me pañhaṁ puṭṭho sammadeva byākarissati ahamassa sammadeva byākarissāmī’ti.  
‘If they correctly answer the question I ask it’s good. If not, I’ll correctly answer it for them.’ ce → no ca (sya-all) "
‘sace me pañhaṁ puṭṭho sammadeva byākarissati iccetaṁ kusalaṁ, no ce me pañhaṁ puṭṭho sammadeva byākarissati, ahamassa sammadeva byākarissāmī’”ti.  
‘If they correctly answer the question I ask it’s good. If not, I’ll correctly answer it for them.’” "

Soppasutta  
Sleep Soppasutta → kusalasuttaṁ (bj)

Tamenaṁ araññagataṁ vā rukkhamūlagataṁ vā suññāgāragataṁ vā vippaṭisārasahagatā pāpakā akusalavitakkā samudācaranti.  
When they go to a wilderness, the root of a tree, or an empty hut, they’re beset by remorseful, unskillful thoughts.

Atthi ca khvassa kusalamūlaṁ asamucchinnaṁ, tamhā tassa kusalā kusalaṁ pātubhavissati.  
Nevertheless, their skillful root is unbroken, and from that the skillful will appear.
Atthi ca khvassa kusalamūlaṁ asamucchinnaṁ, tamhā tassa kusalā kusalaṁ pātubhavissati.  
an6.62
Atthi ca khvassa akusalamūlaṁ asamucchinnaṁ, tamhā tassa akusalā akusalaṁ pātubhavissati.  
Nevertheless, their unskillful root is unbroken, and from that the unskillful will appear.
Atthi ca khvassa akusalamūlaṁ asamucchinnaṁ, tamhā tassa akusalā akusalaṁ pātubhavissati.  
an6.62
Atthi ca khvassa kusalamūlaṁ asamucchinnaṁ, tampi sabbena sabbaṁ samugghātaṁ gacchati.  
Nevertheless, their skillful root is unbroken, but it’s about to be totally destroyed.
Atthi ca khvassa kusalamūlaṁ asamucchinnaṁ, tampi sabbena sabbaṁ samugghātaṁ gacchati.  
an6.62
Atthi ca khvassa akusalamūlaṁ asamucchinnaṁ, tampi sabbena sabbaṁ samugghātaṁ gacchati.  
Nevertheless, their unskillful root is unbroken, but it’s about to be totally destroyed.
Atthi ca khvassa akusalamūlaṁ asamucchinnaṁ, tampi sabbena sabbaṁ samugghātaṁ gacchati.  
an6.62

“Chahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu abhabbo anadhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigantuṁ, adhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ phātiṁ kātuṁ.  
“Mendicants, a mendicant who has six qualities is unable to acquire more skillful qualities or to increase the skillful qualities they’ve already acquired. phātiṁ kātuṁ → phātikattuṁ (bj); phātikātuṁ (sya-all, km, pts1ed)
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, chahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu abhabbo anadhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigantuṁ, adhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ phātiṁ kātuṁ.  
A mendicant who has these six qualities is unable to acquire more skillful qualities or to increase the skillful qualities they’ve already acquired.
Chahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo anadhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigantuṁ, adhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ phātiṁ kātuṁ.  
A mendicant who has six qualities is able to acquire more skillful qualities or to increase the skillful qualities they’ve already acquired.
Imehi kho, bhikkhave, chahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo anadhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigantuṁ, adhigataṁ vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ phātiṁ kātun”ti.  
A mendicant who has these six qualities is able to acquire more skillful qualities or to increase the skillful qualities they’ve already acquired.” "

Tathāgatassa arahato sammāsambuddhassa pātubhāvo dullabho lokasmiṁ, tathāgatappaveditassa dhammavinayassa desetā puggalo dullabho lokasmiṁ, ariyāyatane paccājāti dullabhā lokasmiṁ, indriyānaṁ avekallatā dullabhā lokasmiṁ, ajaḷatā aneḷamūgatā dullabhā lokasmiṁ, kusale dhamme chando dullabho lokasmiṁ.  
A Realized One, a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha. A person who teaches the teaching and training proclaimed by a Realized One. Rebirth in a civilized region. Unimpaired sense faculties. Being bright and clever. Enthusiasm for skillful qualities. paccājāti dullabhā → paccājāto dullabho (sya-all) | kusale dhamme chando → kusaladhammacchando (bj, sya-all, pts1ed) "

So ‘puññaṁ karomī’ti apuññaṁ karoti, ‘kusalaṁ karomī’ti akusalaṁ karoti, ‘sugatiyā maggaṁ pariyesāmī’ti duggatiyā maggaṁ pariyesati.  
Thinking, ‘May I make goodness’, one makes wickedness. Thinking, ‘May I do good’, one does bad. Thinking, ‘May I seek the path to a good rebirth’, one seeks the path to a bad rebirth.
Aggiṁ, brāhmaṇa, ādento yūpaṁ ussāpento pubbeva yaññā idaṁ paṭhamaṁ manosatthaṁ ussāpeti akusalaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākaṁ.  
Even before kindling the sacrificial fire and raising the sacrificial post one raises this first unskillful mental knife which ripens and results in suffering.
So ‘puññaṁ karomī’ti apuññaṁ karoti, ‘kusalaṁ karomī’ti akusalaṁ karoti, ‘sugatiyā maggaṁ pariyesāmī’ti duggatiyā maggaṁ pariyesati.  
Thinking, ‘May I make goodness’, one makes wickedness. Thinking, ‘May I do good’, one does bad. Thinking, ‘May I seek the path to a good rebirth’, one seeks the path to a bad rebirth.
Aggiṁ, brāhmaṇa, ādento yūpaṁ ussāpento pubbeva yaññā idaṁ dutiyaṁ vacīsatthaṁ ussāpeti akusalaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākaṁ.  
Even before kindling the sacrificial fire and raising the sacrificial post one raises this second unskillful verbal knife which ripens and results in suffering.
So ‘puññaṁ karomī’ti apuññaṁ karoti, ‘kusalaṁ karomī’ti akusalaṁ karoti, ‘sugatiyā maggaṁ pariyesāmī’ti duggatiyā maggaṁ pariyesati.  
Thinking, ‘May I make goodness’, one makes wickedness. Thinking, ‘May I do good’, one does bad. Thinking, ‘May I seek the path to a good rebirth’, one seeks the path to a bad rebirth.
Aggiṁ, brāhmaṇa, ādento yūpaṁ ussāpento pubbeva yaññā idaṁ tatiyaṁ kāyasatthaṁ ussāpeti akusalaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākaṁ.  
Even before kindling the sacrificial fire and raising the sacrificial post, one raises this third unskillful bodily knife which ripens and results in suffering.

Yathā metaṁ akusalaṁ,  
An astute person should cut out metaṁ → ekametaṁ (bj); ekamekaṁ (sya-all, pts1ed)

Saddhesiko, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako akusalaṁ pajahati, kusalaṁ bhāveti;  
A noble disciple with faith as their pillar gives up the unskillful and develops the skillful,
Hirīparikkho kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako akusalaṁ pajahati, kusalaṁ bhāveti;  
A noble disciple with a conscience as their moat gives up the unskillful and develops the skillful,
Ottappapariyāyapatho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako akusalaṁ pajahati, kusalaṁ bhāveti;  
A noble disciple with prudence as their patrol path gives up the unskillful and develops the skillful,
Sutāvudho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako akusalaṁ pajahati, kusalaṁ bhāveti;  
A noble disciple with learning as their weapon gives up the unskillful and develops the skillful,
Vīriyabalakāyo, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako akusalaṁ pajahati, kusalaṁ bhāveti;  
A noble disciple with energy as their armed forces gives up the unskillful and develops the skillful,
Satidovāriko, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako akusalaṁ pajahati, kusalaṁ bhāveti;  
A noble disciple with mindfulness as their gatekeeper gives up the unskillful and develops the skillful,
Paññāvāsanalepanasampanno, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako akusalaṁ pajahati, kusalaṁ bhāveti;  
A noble disciple with wisdom as their wall gives up the unskillful and develops the skillful,

“kiṁ nu kho, bhikkhu, sakkatvā garuṁ katvā upanissāya viharanto akusalaṁ pajaheyya, kusalaṁ bhāveyyā”ti?  
“What should a mendicant honor and respect and rely on, to give up the unskillful and develop the skillful?”
“satthāraṁ kho, bhikkhu, sakkatvā garuṁ katvā upanissāya viharanto akusalaṁ pajaheyya, kusalaṁ bhāveyya.  
“A mendicant should honor and respect and rely on the Teacher …
paṭisanthāraṁ kho, bhikkhu sakkatvā garuṁ katvā upanissāya viharanto akusalaṁ pajaheyya, kusalaṁ bhāveyyā”ti.  
A mendicant should honor and respect and rely on hospitality, to give up the unskillful and develop the skillful.”
‘kiṁ nu kho bhikkhu sakkatvā garuṁ katvā upanissāya viharanto akusalaṁ pajaheyya, kusalaṁ bhāveyyā’ti?  
an7.70
‘satthāraṁ kho bhikkhu sakkatvā garuṁ katvā upanissāya viharanto akusalaṁ pajaheyya, kusalaṁ bhāveyya.  
an7.70
kusalaṁ bhāveyyā’ti.  
an7.70
Satthāraṁ kho, sāriputta, bhikkhu sakkatvā garuṁ katvā upanissāya viharanto akusalaṁ pajaheyya, kusalaṁ bhāveyya.  
A mendicant should honor and respect and rely on the Teacher, to give up the unskillful and develop the skillful.
Dhammaṁ kho, sāriputta, bhikkhu sakkatvā garuṁ katvā upanissāya viharanto akusalaṁ pajaheyya, kusalaṁ bhāveyya.  
A mendicant should honor and respect and rely on the teaching …
paṭisanthāraṁ kho, sāriputta, bhikkhu sakkatvā garuṁ katvā upanissāya viharanto akusalaṁ pajaheyya, kusalaṁ bhāveyyā”ti.  
A mendicant should honor and respect and rely on hospitality, to give up the unskillful and develop the skillful.”

‘appakaṁ, brāhmaṇa, jīvitaṁ manussānaṁ parittaṁ lahukaṁ bahudukkhaṁ bahupāyāsaṁ mantāyaṁ boddhabbaṁ, kattabbaṁ kusalaṁ, caritabbaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, natthi jātassa amaraṇaṁ.  
‘Brahmins, life as a human is short, brief, and fleeting, full of suffering and distress. Be thoughtful and wake up! Do what’s good and lead the spiritual life, for no-one born can escape death. lahukaṁ → lahusaṁ (ṭīkā) | mantāyaṁ → mantāya (sabbattha)
evamevaṁ kho, brāhmaṇa, ussāvabindūpamaṁ jīvitaṁ manussānaṁ parittaṁ lahukaṁ bahudukkhaṁ bahupāyāsaṁ mantāyaṁ boddhabbaṁ, kattabbaṁ kusalaṁ, caritabbaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, natthi jātassa amaraṇaṁ.  
In the same way, life as a human is like a dewdrop. It’s brief and fleeting, full of suffering and distress. Be thoughtful and wake up! Do what’s good and lead the spiritual life, for no-one born can escape death.
evamevaṁ kho, brāhmaṇa, udakabubbuḷūpamaṁ jīvitaṁ manussānaṁ parittaṁ lahukaṁ bahudukkhaṁ bahupāyāsaṁ mantāyaṁ boddhabbaṁ, kattabbaṁ kusalaṁ, caritabbaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, natthi jātassa amaraṇaṁ.  
In the same way, life as a human is like a bubble. …
evamevaṁ kho, brāhmaṇa, govajjhūpamaṁ jīvitaṁ manussānaṁ parittaṁ lahukaṁ bahudukkhaṁ bahupāyāsaṁ mantāyaṁ boddhabbaṁ, kattabbaṁ kusalaṁ, caritabbaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, natthi jātassa amaraṇan’ti.  
In the same way, life as a human is like a cow being slaughtered. It’s brief and fleeting, full of suffering and distress. Be thoughtful and wake up! Do what’s good and lead the spiritual life, for no-one born can escape death.’ govajjhūpamaṁ → gāvīvajjhūpamaṁ (bj, sya-all)
‘appakaṁ, brāhmaṇa, jīvitaṁ manussānaṁ parittaṁ lahukaṁ bahudukkhaṁ bahupāyāsaṁ mantāyaṁ boddhabbaṁ, kattabbaṁ kusalaṁ, caritabbaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, natthi jātassa amaraṇan’ti.  
‘Life as a human is short, brief, and fleeting, full of suffering and distress. Be thoughtful and wake up! Do what’s good and lead the spiritual life, for no-one born can escape death.’
‘appakaṁ jīvitaṁ manussānaṁ parittaṁ lahukaṁ bahudukkhaṁ bahupāyāsaṁ mantāyaṁ boddhabbaṁ, kattabbaṁ kusalaṁ, caritabbaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, natthi jātassa amaraṇan’ti.  
‘Life as a human is short, brief, and fleeting, full of suffering and distress. Be thoughtful and wake up! Do what’s good and lead the spiritual life, for no-one born can escape death.’

Santeyeva attani kusaladhamme na icchati parehi ñāyamāne.  
He doesn’t want his own good qualities to be made known to others. ñāyamāne → paññāpayamāne (mr) "

“Saddhā hiriyaṁ kusalañca dānaṁ,  
“Faith, conscience, and skillful giving

“Saddhañce, bhikkhu, bhikkhu nissāya akusalaṁ pajahati kusalaṁ bhāveti, pahīnamevassa taṁ akusalaṁ hoti.  
“Mendicant, if a mendicant supported by faith gives up the unskillful and develops the skillful, the unskillful is actually given up by them.
paññañce, bhikkhu, bhikkhu nissāya akusalaṁ pajahati kusalaṁ bhāveti, pahīnamevassa taṁ akusalaṁ hoti.  
If a mendicant supported by wisdom gives up the unskillful and develops the skillful, the unskillful is actually given up by them.
Taṁ hissa bhikkhuno akusalaṁ pahīnaṁ hoti suppahīnaṁ, yaṁsa ariyāya paññāya disvā pahīnaṁ.  
What’s been given up is completely given up when it has been given up by seeing with noble wisdom.

Ye dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā ye dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā ye dhammā sāvajjā sāvajjasaṅkhātā ye dhammā anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā ye dhammā kaṇhā kaṇhasaṅkhātā ye dhammā sukkā sukkasaṅkhātā ye dhammā sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā ye dhammā asevitabbā asevitabbasaṅkhātā ye dhammā nālamariyā nālamariyasaṅkhātā ye dhammā alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā, tyassa dhammā paññāya vodiṭṭhā honti vocaritā.  
One has clearly seen and clearly contemplated with wisdom those qualities that are skillful and considered to be skillful; those that are unskillful … blameworthy … blameless … dark … bright … to be cultivated … not to be cultivated … not worthy of the noble ones … worthy of the noble ones and considered to be worthy of the noble ones.
Ye dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā ye dhammā sāvajjā sāvajjasaṅkhātā ye dhammā kaṇhā kaṇhasaṅkhātā ye dhammā asevitabbā asevitabbasaṅkhātā ye dhammā nālamariyā nālamariyasaṅkhātā, tesaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati.  
One generates enthusiasm, tries, makes an effort, exerts the mind, and strives to give up those qualities that are unskillful and considered to be unskillful; those that are blameworthy … dark … not to be cultivated … not worthy of the noble ones and considered to be not worthy of the noble ones.
Ye dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā ye dhammā anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā ye dhammā sukkā sukkasaṅkhātā ye dhammā sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā ye dhammā alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā, tesaṁ dhammānaṁ paṭilābhāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati.  
One generates enthusiasm, tries, makes an effort, exerts the mind, and strives to gain those qualities that are skillful and considered to be skillful; those that are blameless … bright … to be cultivated … worthy of the noble ones and considered to be worthy of the noble ones.

“accayo maṁ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yo ahaṁ āyasmantaṁ sāriputtaṁ asatā tucchā musā abhūtena abbhācikkhiṁ.  
“I have made a mistake, sir. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of me to speak ill of Venerable Sāriputta with a false, hollow, lying, untruthful claim.
“Taggha taṁ, bhikkhu, accayo accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yo tvaṁ sāriputtaṁ asatā tucchā musā abhūtena abbhācikkhi.  
“Indeed, monk, you made a mistake. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of you to act in that way. taṁ → tvaṁ (si, pts1ed)

Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu akusalaṁ āpanno hoti kiñci desaṁ kāyena.  
It’s when a mendicant has committed a certain unskillful offense by way of body. āpanno hoti kiñci desaṁ → kañcideva desaṁ (bj, sya-all, pts1ed) "
‘āyasmā kho akusalaṁ āpanno kiñci desaṁ kāyena.  
‘Venerable, you’ve committed a certain unskillful offense by way of body.
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu akusalaṁ āpanno hoti kiñci desaṁ vācāya.  
It’s when a mendicant has committed a certain unskillful offense by way of speech.
‘āyasmā kho akusalaṁ āpanno kiñci desaṁ vācāya.  
‘Venerable, you’ve committed a certain unskillful offense by way of speech.

Bhagavā hi, bhante, bahujanahitāya paṭipanno bahujanasukhāya bahuno janassa ariye ñāye patiṭṭhāpitā yadidaṁ kalyāṇadhammatāya kusaladhammatāya.  
The Buddha is practicing for the welfare and happiness of the people. He has established many people in the noble system, that is, the principles of goodness and skillfulness.
Yampi, bhante, bhagavā bahujanahitāya paṭipanno bahujanasukhāya bahuno janassa ariye ñāye patiṭṭhāpitā yadidaṁ kalyāṇadhammatāya kusaladhammatāya, idampi kho ahaṁ, bhante, atthavasaṁ sampassamāno bhagavati evarūpaṁ paramanipaccakāraṁ karomi, mettūpahāraṁ upadaṁsemi.  
This is a reason that I demonstrate such utmost devotion for the Buddha, conveying my manifest love.
Puna caparaṁ, bhante, bhagavā sīlavā vuddhasīlo ariyasīlo kusalasīlo kusalasīlena samannāgato.  
Furthermore, the Buddha is ethical, possessing ethical conduct that is mature, noble, and skillful.
Yampi, bhante, bhagavā sīlavā vuddhasīlo ariyasīlo kusalasīlo kusalasīlena samannāgato, idampi kho ahaṁ, bhante, atthavasaṁ sampassamāno bhagavati evarūpaṁ paramanipaccakāraṁ karomi, mettūpahāraṁ upadaṁsemi.  
This is another reason that I demonstrate such utmost devotion for the Buddha, conveying my manifest love.

idha puriso yena kenaci kammaṭṭhānena anāpajja akusalaṁ divasaṁ aḍḍhakahāpaṇaṁ nibbiseyya.  
Take a man who earns half a dollar for an honest day’s work.
idha puriso yena kenaci kammaṭṭhānena anāpajja akusalaṁ divasaṁ kahāpaṇaṁ nibbiseyya.  
Take a man who earns a dollar for an honest day’s work.
idha puriso yena kenaci kammaṭṭhānena anāpajja akusalaṁ divasaṁ dve kahāpaṇe nibbiseyya …  
Take a man who, for an honest day’s work, earns two dollars …

‘idaṁ kusalan’ti, bhante, bhagavatā paññattaṁ;  
The Buddha has stated ‘This is skillful’ and
‘idaṁ akusalan’ti, bhante, bhagavatā paññattaṁ.  
‘This is unskillful’.
Iti kusalākusalaṁ bhagavā paññāpayamāno sapaññattiko bhagavā;  
So when it comes to what is skillful and unskillful the Buddha makes a statement.

Kiṁ nvajja brāhmaṇakulassā”ti?  
What’s going on today with the brahmin clan?” nvajja → kiṁ nu ajja (sya-all); kiṁ nu kho ajja (pts1ed); kiṁ nu khvajja (mr) | brāhmaṇakulassā”ti → brāhmaṇa brahmakusalassāti (mr)
“Paccorohaṇī, bho gotama, ajja brāhmaṇakulassā”ti.  
“Master Gotama, today is the ceremony of descent for the brahmin clan.” brāhmaṇakulassā”ti → brahmakusalassāti (mr)

Akusalasutta  
Unskillful Akusalasutta → kusalasuttaṁ (bj) "
“Akusalañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi kusalañca.  
“I will teach you the skillful and the unskillful …
katamañca, bhikkhave, akusalaṁ?  
And what is the unskillful?
idaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, akusalaṁ.  
This is called the unskillful.
Katamañca, bhikkhave, kusalaṁ?  
And what is the skillful?
idaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, kusalan”ti.  
This is called the skillful.” "

Ime kho, cunda, dasa akusalakammapathā.  
These are the ten ways of doing unskillful deeds. akusalakammapathā → akusalā kammapathā (?)
Ime, cunda, dasa akusalakammapathā asucīyeva honti asucikaraṇā ca.  
These ten ways of doing unskillful deeds are impure and make things impure. asucīyeva → asucicceva (sya-all); asuciyeva (pts1ed)
Ime kho, cunda, dasa kusalakammapathā.  
These are the ten ways of doing skillful deeds.
Ime, cunda, dasa kusalakammapathā sucīyeva honti sucikaraṇā ca.  
These ten ways of doing skillful deeds are pure and make things pure.

Kusalasutta  
Skillful
“Kusalañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi akusalañca.  
“I will teach you the skillful and the unskillful …
katamañca, bhikkhave, akusalaṁ?  
And what is the unskillful?
idaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, akusalaṁ.  
This is called the unskillful.
Katamañca, bhikkhave, kusalaṁ?  
And what is the skillful?
idaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, kusalan”ti.  
This is called the skillful.” "

Tatra, bhikkhave, tividhā kāyakammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti;  
Now, there are three kinds of corruption and failure of bodily action that have unskillful intention, with suffering as their outcome and result. akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā → akusalaṁ sañcetanikaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākaṁ (mr)
catubbidhā vacīkammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti;  
There are four kinds of corruption and failure of verbal action that have unskillful intention, with suffering as their outcome and result.
tividhā manokammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti.  
There are three kinds of corruption and failure of mental action that have unskillful intention, with suffering as their outcome and result.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, tividhā kāyakammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti?  
And what are the three kinds of corruption and failure of bodily action?
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tividhā kāyakammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti.  
These are the three kinds of corruption and failure of bodily action.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, catubbidhā vacīkammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti?  
And what are the four kinds of corruption and failure of verbal action?
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, catubbidhā vacīkammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti.  
These are the four kinds of corruption and failure of verbal action.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, tividhā manokammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti?  
And what are the three kinds of corruption and failure of mental action?
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tividhā manokammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti.  
These are the three kinds of corruption and failure of mental action.
Tividhakāyakammantasandosabyāpattiakusalasañcetanikāhetu vā, bhikkhave, sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjanti; catubbidhavacīkammantasandosabyāpattiakusalasañcetanikāhetu vā, bhikkhave, sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjanti; tividhamanokammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikāhetu vā, bhikkhave, sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjanti.  
When their body breaks up, after death, sentient beings are reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell because of these three kinds of corruption and failure of bodily action, these four kinds of corruption and failure of verbal action, or these three kinds of corruption and failure of mental action that have unskillful intention, with suffering as their outcome and result. Tividhakāyakammantasandosabyāpattiakusalasañcetanikāhetu → … sañcetanikahetu (mr)
evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tividhakāyakammantasandosabyāpattiakusalasañcetanikāhetu vā sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjanti; catubbidhavacīkammantasandosabyāpattiakusalasañcetanikāhetu vā sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjanti; tividhamanokammantasandosabyāpattiakusalasañcetanikāhetu vā sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjantīti.  
In the same way, when their body breaks up, after death, sentient beings are reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell because of these three kinds of corruption and failure of bodily action, these four kinds of corruption and failure of verbal action, or these three kinds of corruption and failure of mental action that have unskillful intention, with suffering as their outcome and result.
Tatra, bhikkhave, tividhā kāyakammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti;  
Now, there are three kinds of successful bodily action that have skillful intention, with happiness as their outcome and result.
catubbidhā vacīkammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti;  
There are four kinds of successful verbal action that have skillful intention, with happiness as their outcome and result.
tividhā manokammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti.  
There are three kinds of successful mental action that have skillful intention, with happiness as their outcome and result.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, tividhā kāyakammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti?  
And what are the three kinds of successful bodily action?
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tividhā kāyakammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti.  
These are the three kinds of successful bodily action.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, catubbidhā vacīkammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti?  
And what are the four kinds of successful verbal action?
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, catubbidhā vacīkammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti.  
These are the four kinds of successful verbal action.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, tividhā manokammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti?  
And what are the three kinds of successful mental action?
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tividhā manokammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti.  
These are the three kinds of successful mental action.
Tividhakāyakammantasampattikusalasañcetanikāhetu vā, bhikkhave, sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjanti; catubbidhavacīkammantasampattikusalasañcetanikāhetu vā, bhikkhave, sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjanti; tividhamanokammantasampattikusalasañcetanikāhetu vā, bhikkhave, sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjanti.  
When their body breaks up, after death, sentient beings are reborn in a good place, in heaven because of these three kinds of successful bodily action, these four kinds of successful verbal action, or these three kinds of successful mental action that have skillful intention, with happiness as their outcome and result.
evamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tividhakāyakammantasampattikusalasañcetanikāhetu vā sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjanti; catubbidhavacīkammantasampattikusalasañcetanikāhetu vā sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjanti; tividhamanokammantasampattikusalasañcetanikāhetu vā sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjanti.  
In the same way, when their body breaks up, after death, sentient beings are reborn in a good place, in heaven because of these three kinds of successful bodily action, these four kinds of successful verbal action, or these three kinds of successful mental action that have skillful intention, with happiness as their outcome and result.

Tatra, bhikkhave, tividhā kāyakammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti;  
Now, there are three kinds of corruption and failure of bodily action that have unskillful intention, with suffering as their outcome and result.
catubbidhā vacīkammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti;  
There are four kinds of corruption and failure of verbal action that have unskillful intention, with suffering as their outcome and result.
tividhā manokammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti.  
There are three kinds of corruption and failure of mental action that have unskillful intention, with suffering as their outcome and result.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, tividhā kāyakammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti …pe…  
And what are the three kinds of corruption and failure of bodily action? …
evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tividhā kāyakammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti.  
These are the three kinds of corruption and failure of bodily action.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, catubbidhā vacīkammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti …pe…  
And what are the four kinds of corruption and failure of verbal action? …
evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, catubbidhā vacīkammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti.  
These are the four kinds of corruption and failure of verbal action.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, tividhā manokammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti …pe…  
And what are the three kinds of corruption and failure of mental action? …
evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tividhā manokammantasandosabyāpatti akusalasañcetanikā dukkhudrayā dukkhavipākā hoti.  
These are the three kinds of corruption and failure of mental action.
Tividhakāyakammantasandosabyāpattiakusalasañcetanikāhetu vā, bhikkhave, sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjanti, catubbidhavacīkammanta …pe… tividhamanokammantasandosabyāpattiakusalasañcetanikāhetu vā, bhikkhave, sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjanti.  
When their body breaks up, after death, sentient beings are reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell because of these three kinds of corruption and failure of bodily action, these four kinds of corruption and failure of verbal action, or these three kinds of corruption and failure of mental action that have unskillful intention, with suffering as their outcome and result.
Tatra kho, bhikkhave, tividhā kāyakammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti;  
Now, there are three kinds of successful bodily action that have skillful intention, with happiness as their outcome and result.
catubbidhā vacīkammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti;  
There are four kinds of successful verbal action that have skillful intention, with happiness as their outcome and result.
tividhā manokammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti.  
There are three kinds of successful mental action that have skillful intention, with happiness as their outcome and result.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, tividhā kāyakammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti …pe…  
And what are the three kinds of successful bodily action? …
evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tividhā kāyakammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti.  
These are the three kinds of successful bodily action.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, catubbidhā vacīkammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti …pe…  
And what are the four kinds of successful verbal action? …
evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, catubbidhā vacīkammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti.  
These are the four kinds of successful verbal action.
Kathañca, bhikkhave, tividhā manokammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti …pe…  
And what are the three kinds of successful mental action? …
evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, tividhā manokammantasampatti kusalasañcetanikā sukhudrayā sukhavipākā hoti.  
These are the three kinds of successful mental action.
Tividhakāyakammantasampattikusalasañcetanikāhetu vā, bhikkhave, sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjanti; catubbidhavacīkammantasampatti …pe… tividhamanokammantasampattikusalasañcetanikāhetu vā, bhikkhave, sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjanti …pe…  
When their body breaks up, after death, sentient beings are reborn in a good place, in heaven because of these three kinds of successful bodily action, these four kinds of successful verbal action, or these three kinds of successful mental action that have skillful intention, with happiness as their outcome and result. …” " …pe… → upapajjanti. (sya-all, mr) "

Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ‘idaṁ kusalan’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti, ‘idaṁ akusalan’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti.  
It’s when some ascetic or brahmin doesn’t truly understand what is skillful and what is unskillful.
‘ahaṁ kho “idaṁ kusalan”ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāmi, “idaṁ akusalan”ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāmi.  
‘I don’t truly understand what is skillful and what is unskillful.
Ahañce kho pana “idaṁ kusalan”ti yathābhūtaṁ appajānanto, “idaṁ akusalan”ti yathābhūtaṁ appajānanto, “idaṁ kusalan”ti vā byākareyyaṁ, “idaṁ akusalan”ti vā byākareyyaṁ, taṁ mamassa musā.  
If I were to declare that something was skillful or unskillful I might be wrong.
Iti so musāvādabhayā musāvādaparijegucchā nevidaṁ kusalanti byākaroti, na panidaṁ akusalanti byākaroti, tattha tattha pañhaṁ puṭṭho samāno vācāvikkhepaṁ āpajjati amarāvikkhepaṁ:  
So from fear and disgust with false speech they avoid stating whether something is skillful or unskillful. Whenever they’re asked a question, they resort to verbal flip-flops and endless flip-flops:
Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ‘idaṁ kusalan’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti, ‘idaṁ akusalan’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti.  
It’s when some ascetic or brahmin doesn’t truly understand what is skillful and what is unskillful.
‘ahaṁ kho “idaṁ kusalan”ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāmi, “idaṁ akusalan”ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāmi.  
‘I don’t truly understand what is skillful and what is unskillful.
Ahañce kho pana “idaṁ kusalan”ti yathābhūtaṁ appajānanto, “idaṁ akusalan”ti yathābhūtaṁ appajānanto, “idaṁ kusalan”ti vā byākareyyaṁ, “idaṁ akusalan”ti vā byākareyyaṁ, tattha me assa chando vā rāgo vā doso vā paṭigho vā.  
If I were to declare that something was skillful or unskillful I might feel desire or greed or hate or repulsion.
Iti so upādānabhayā upādānaparijegucchā nevidaṁ kusalanti byākaroti, na panidaṁ akusalanti byākaroti, tattha tattha pañhaṁ puṭṭho samāno vācāvikkhepaṁ āpajjati amarāvikkhepaṁ:  
So from fear and disgust with grasping they avoid stating whether something is skillful or unskillful. Whenever they’re asked a question, they resort to verbal flip-flops and endless flip-flops:
Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ‘idaṁ kusalan’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti, ‘idaṁ akusalan’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti.  
It’s when some ascetic or brahmin doesn’t truly understand what is skillful and what is unskillful.
‘ahaṁ kho “idaṁ kusalan”ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāmi, “idaṁ akusalan”ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāmi.  
‘I don’t truly understand what is skillful and what is unskillful.
Ahañce kho pana “idaṁ kusalan”ti yathābhūtaṁ appajānanto “idaṁ akusalan”ti yathābhūtaṁ appajānanto “idaṁ kusalan”ti vā byākareyyaṁ, “idaṁ akusalan”ti vā byākareyyaṁ;  
Suppose I were to declare that something was skillful or unskillful.
Iti so anuyogabhayā anuyogaparijegucchā nevidaṁ kusalanti byākaroti, na panidaṁ akusalanti byākaroti, tattha tattha pañhaṁ puṭṭho samāno vācāvikkhepaṁ āpajjati amarāvikkhepaṁ:  
So from fear and disgust with examination they avoid stating whether something is skillful or unskillful. Whenever they’re asked a question, they resort to verbal flip-flops and endless flip-flops:

Accayo maṁ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yohaṁ pitaraṁ dhammikaṁ dhammarājānaṁ issariyakāraṇā jīvitā voropesiṁ.  
I have made a mistake, sir. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of me to take the life of my father, a just and principled king, for the sake of authority.
“Taggha tvaṁ, mahārāja, accayo accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yaṁ tvaṁ pitaraṁ dhammikaṁ dhammarājānaṁ jīvitā voropesi.  
“Indeed, great king, you made a mistake. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of you to take the life of your father, a just and principled king, for the sake of sovereignty.

Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sīlavā ariyasīlī kusalasīlī kusalasīlena samannāgato …pe…  
He is ethical, possessing ethical conduct that is noble and skillful. …

Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sīlavā ariyasīlī kusalasīlī kusalasīlena samannāgato …pe…  
He is ethical, possessing ethical conduct that is noble and skillful. …

“ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā, sāvajjā sāvajjasaṅkhātā, asevitabbā asevitabbasaṅkhātā, na alamariyā na alamariyasaṅkhātā, kaṇhā kaṇhasaṅkhātā.  
“There are things that are unskillful, blameworthy, not to be cultivated, unworthy of the noble ones, and dark—and are reckoned as such.
‘ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā, sāvajjā sāvajjasaṅkhātā, asevitabbā asevitabbasaṅkhātā, na alamariyā na alamariyasaṅkhātā, kaṇhā kaṇhasaṅkhātā.  
dn8
‘ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā, anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā, sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā, alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā, sukkā sukkasaṅkhātā.  
‘There are things that are skillful, blameless, worth cultivating, worthy of the noble ones, and bright—and are reckoned as such.
‘ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā, anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā, sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā, alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā, sukkā sukkasaṅkhātā.  
dn8
‘ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā, sāvajjā sāvajjasaṅkhātā, asevitabbā asevitabbasaṅkhātā, na alamariyā na alamariyasaṅkhātā, kaṇhā kaṇhasaṅkhātā.  
‘There are things that are unskillful, blameworthy, not to be cultivated, unworthy of the noble ones, and dark—and are reckoned as such.
‘ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā, sāvajjā sāvajjasaṅkhātā, asevitabbā asevitabbasaṅkhātā, na alamariyā na alamariyasaṅkhātā, kaṇhā kaṇhasaṅkhātā.  
dn8
‘Ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā, anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā, sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā, alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā, sukkā sukkasaṅkhātā.  
‘There are things that are skillful, blameless, worth cultivating, worthy of the noble ones, and bright—and are reckoned as such.
‘ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā, anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā, sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā, alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā, sukkā sukkasaṅkhātā.  
dn8

“idha samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigaccheyya, kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigantvā na parassa āroceyya, kiñhi paro parassa karissati.  
“Should an ascetic or brahmin achieve some skillful quality, they ought not inform anyone else. For what can one person do for another?
‘idha samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigaccheyya, kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigantvā na parassa āroceyya—  
dn12
‘idha samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigaccheyya, kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigantvā na parassa āroceyya, kiñhi paro parassa karissati.  
‘Should an ascetic or brahmin achieve some skillful quality, they ought not inform anyone else. For what can one person do for another?
‘idha samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigaccheyya, kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigantvā na parassa āroceyya, kiñhi paro parassa karissati.  
‘Should an ascetic or brahmin achieve some skillful quality, they ought not inform anyone else. For what can one person do for another?
‘idha samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigaccheyya, kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigantvā na parassa āroceyya, kiñhi paro parassa karissati.  
dn12

‘Eso kho, deva, pabbajito nāma sādhu dhammacariyā sādhu samacariyā sādhu kusalakiriyā sādhu puññakiriyā sādhu avihiṁsā sādhu bhūtānukampā’ti.  
‘He is called a renunciate because he celebrates principled and fair conduct, skillful actions, good deeds, harmlessness, and compassion for living creatures.’ samacariyā → sammacariyā (mr) | kusalakiriyā → kusalacariyā (sya-all, km)
‘Sādhu kho so, samma sārathi, pabbajito nāma, sādhu dhammacariyā sādhu samacariyā sādhu kusalakiriyā sādhu puññakiriyā sādhu avihiṁsā sādhu bhūtānukampā.  
‘Then I celebrate the one called a renunciate, who celebrates principled and fair conduct, skillful actions, good deeds, harmlessness, and compassion for living creatures!
‘Ahaṁ kho, deva, pabbajito nāma, sādhu dhammacariyā sādhu samacariyā sādhu kusalakiriyā sādhu puññakiriyā sādhu avihiṁsā sādhu bhūtānukampā’ti.  
‘I am called a renunciate because I celebrate principled and fair conduct, skillful actions, good deeds, harmlessness, and compassion for living creatures.’
‘Sādhu kho tvaṁ, samma, pabbajito nāma sādhu dhammacariyā sādhu samacariyā sādhu kusalakiriyā sādhu puññakiriyā sādhu avihiṁsā sādhu bhūtānukampā’ti.  
‘Then I celebrate the one called a renunciate, who celebrates principled and fair conduct, skillful actions, good deeds, harmlessness, and compassion for living creatures!’
kusalassa upasampadā;  
to embrace the good;

Puna caparaṁ, bho, idhekacco ‘idaṁ kusalan’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti, ‘idaṁ akusalan’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti.  
Next, take someone who doesn’t truly understand what is skillful and what is unskillful,
So ariyadhammassavanaṁ āgamma yonisomanasikāraṁ dhammānudhammappaṭipattiṁ, ‘idaṁ kusalan’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti, ‘idaṁ akusalan’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti.  
They truly understand what is skillful and what is unskillful, and so on.
“Taṁ kiṁ maññanti, bhonto devā tāvatiṁsā, yāva supaññattā cime tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro satipaṭṭhānā paññattā kusalassādhigamāya.  
“What do the good gods of the Thirty-Three think? How well described by the Buddha are the four kinds of mindfulness meditation! They are taught for achieving what is skillful.
Ime kho, bho, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro satipaṭṭhānā paññattā kusalassādhigamāyā”ti.  
These are the four kinds of mindfulness meditation taught by the Buddha for achieving what is skillful.”

“Idaṁ kusalan”ti kho pana tena bhagavatā supaññattaṁ, “idaṁ akusalan”ti supaññattaṁ.  
Also, the Buddha has well described what is skillful and what is unskillful,
Evaṁ kusalākusalasāvajjānavajjasevitabbāsevitabbahīnapaṇītakaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgānaṁ dhammānaṁ paññāpetāraṁ imināpaṅgena samannāgataṁ satthāraṁ neva atītaṁse samanupassāma, na panetarahi, aññatra tena bhagavatā.  
I don’t see any Teacher, past or present, who so clearly describes all these things, apart from the Buddha.
“Idaṁ kusalan”ti kho pana tena bhagavatā supaññattaṁ, “idaṁ akusalan”ti supaññattaṁ, “idaṁ sāvajjaṁ idaṁ anavajjaṁ, idaṁ sevitabbaṁ idaṁ na sevitabbaṁ, idaṁ hīnaṁ idaṁ paṇītaṁ, idaṁ kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgan”ti supaññattaṁ.  
dn19
Evaṁ kusalākusalasāvajjānavajjasevitabbāsevitabbahīnapaṇītakaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgānaṁ dhammānaṁ paññāpetāraṁ.  
dn19
Gamanīyo samparāyo, mantāyaṁ boddhabbaṁ, kattabbaṁ kusalaṁ, caritabbaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, natthi jātassa amaraṇaṁ.  
We are heading to the next life. We must be thoughtful and wake up! We must do what’s good and lead the spiritual life, for no-one born can escape death. mantāyaṁ → mantāya (sya-all, km, pts1ed)
Gamanīyo samparāyo, mantāyaṁ boddhabbaṁ, kattabbaṁ kusalaṁ, caritabbaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, natthi jātassa amaraṇaṁ.  
dn19
Gamanīyo samparāyo, mantāyaṁ boddhabbaṁ, kattabbaṁ kusalaṁ, caritabbaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, natthi jātassa amaraṇaṁ.  
dn19
Gamanīyo samparāyo, mantāyaṁ boddhabbaṁ, kattabbaṁ kusalaṁ, caritabbaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, natthi jātassa amaraṇaṁ.  
We are heading to the next life. We must be thoughtful and wake up! We must do what’s good and lead the spiritual life, for no-one born can escape death.

“accayo maṁ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yvāhaṁ evaṁ bhagavantaṁ avacāsiṁ.  
“I have made a mistake, sir. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of me to speak in that way.
“Taggha tvaṁ, nigrodha, accayo accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yo maṁ tvaṁ evaṁ avacāsi.  
“Indeed, Nigrodha, you made a mistake. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of you to speak in that way. tvaṁ → taṁ (bj, sya-all, pts1ed)
‘ye no dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā sācariyakānaṁ, tesu patiṭṭhāpetukāmo samaṇo gotamo evamāhā’ti.  
‘The ascetic Gotama speaks like this because he wants us to start doing things that are unskillful and considered unskillful in our tradition.’
Akusalā ceva vo te dhammā hontu akusalasaṅkhātā ca sācariyakānaṁ.  
Let those things that are unskillful and considered unskillful in your tradition remain as they are. ceva vo te dhammā → vo dhammā (bj, mr); te dhammā (sya-all)
‘ye no dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā sācariyakānaṁ, tehi vivecetukāmo samaṇo gotamo evamāhā’ti.  
‘The ascetic Gotama speaks like this because he wants us to stop doing things that are skillful and considered skillful in our tradition.’
Kusalā ceva vo te dhammā hontu kusalasaṅkhātā ca sācariyakānaṁ.  
Let those things that are skillful and considered skillful in your tradition remain as they are.
Iti khvāhaṁ, nigrodha, neva antevāsikamyatā evaṁ vadāmi, napi uddesā cāvetukāmo evaṁ vadāmi, napi ājīvā cāvetukāmo evaṁ vadāmi, napi ye vo dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā sācariyakānaṁ, tesu patiṭṭhāpetukāmo evaṁ vadāmi, napi ye vo dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā sācariyakānaṁ, tehi vivecetukāmo evaṁ vadāmi.  
I do not speak for any of these reasons. napi ājīvā cāvetukāmo evaṁ vadāmi, napi ye vo dhammā → napi ye ca kho dhammā (bj); napi ye te dhammā (sya-all); napi ye ca vo dhammā (mr) | napi ye vo dhammā → napi ye ca kho dhammā (bj); napi ye te dhammā (sya-all); napi ye ca vo dhammā (mr)

“kiṁ, bhante, kusalaṁ, kiṁ akusalaṁ, kiṁ sāvajjaṁ, kiṁ anavajjaṁ, kiṁ sevitabbaṁ, kiṁ na sevitabbaṁ, kiṁ me karīyamānaṁ dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya assa, kiṁ vā pana me karīyamānaṁ dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya assā”ti?  
“Sirs, what is skillful? What is unskillful? What is blameworthy? What is blameless? What should be cultivated? What should not be cultivated? Doing what leads to my lasting harm and suffering? Doing what leads to my lasting welfare and happiness?”
Tesaṁ sutvā yaṁ akusalaṁ taṁ abhinivajjeyyāsi, yaṁ kusalaṁ taṁ samādāya vatteyyāsi.  
Having heard them, you should reject what is unskillful and undertake and follow what is skillful.
Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu dasa kusalakammapathā sabbena sabbaṁ antaradhāyissanti, dasa akusalakammapathā atibyādippissanti.  
The ten ways of doing skillful deeds will totally disappear, and the ten ways of doing unskillful deeds will explode in popularity.
Dasavassāyukesu, bhikkhave, manussesu kusalantipi na bhavissati, kuto pana kusalassa kārako.  
Those people will not even have the word ‘skillful’, still less anyone who does what is skillful.
Yannūna mayaṁ kusalaṁ kareyyāma.  
We’d better do what’s skillful.
Kiṁ kusalaṁ kareyyāma?  
What skillful thing should we do?
Yannūna mayaṁ pāṇātipātā virameyyāma, idaṁ kusalaṁ dhammaṁ samādāya vatteyyāmā’ti.  
Why don’t we refrain from killing living creatures? Having undertaken this skillful thing we’ll live by it.’
Te pāṇātipātā viramissanti, idaṁ kusalaṁ dhammaṁ samādāya vattissanti.  
So that’s what they do.
Yannūna mayaṁ bhiyyoso mattāya kusalaṁ kareyyāma.  
Why don’t we do even more skillful things?
Kiṁ kusalaṁ kareyyāma?  
What skillful thing should we do?
yannūna mayaṁ matteyyā assāma petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino, idaṁ kusalaṁ dhammaṁ samādāya vatteyyāmā’ti.  
Why don’t we pay due respect to mother and father, ascetics and brahmins, honoring the elders in our families? Having undertaken this skillful thing we’ll live by it.’
Te matteyyā bhavissanti petteyyā sāmaññā brahmaññā kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino, idaṁ kusalaṁ dhammaṁ samādāya vattissanti.  
So that’s what they do.

Iti kho, vāseṭṭha, yeme dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā sāvajjā sāvajjasaṅkhātā asevitabbā asevitabbasaṅkhātā naalamariyā naalamariyasaṅkhātā kaṇhā kaṇhavipākā viññugarahitā, khattiyepi te idhekacce sandissanti.  
These things are unskillful, blameworthy, not to be cultivated, unworthy of the noble ones—and are reckoned as such. They are dark deeds with dark results, criticized by sensible people. Such things are exhibited in some aristocrats. khattiyepi te → kho vāseṭṭha (mr)
Iti kho, vāseṭṭha, yeme dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā …pe…  
dn27
Iti kho, vāseṭṭha, yeme dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā sukkā sukkavipākā viññuppasatthā, khattiyepi te idhekacce sandissanti.  
These things are skillful, blameless, to be cultivated, worthy of the noble ones—and are reckoned as such. They are bright deeds with bright results, praised by sensible people. Such things are exhibited in some aristocrats.
Iti kho, vāseṭṭha, yeme dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā sukkā sukkavipākā viññuppasatthā;  
dn27

1.1. Kusaladhammadesanā  
1.1. Teaching Skillful Qualities

Taṁ kammaṁ katvā kusalaṁ sukhudrayaṁ,  
Having done that skillful deed whose outcome is happiness, sukhudrayaṁ → sukhindriyaṁ (mr)
‘kiṁ, bhante, kusalaṁ, kiṁ akusalaṁ, kiṁ sāvajjaṁ, kiṁ anavajjaṁ, kiṁ sevitabbaṁ, kiṁ na sevitabbaṁ, kiṁ me karīyamānaṁ dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya assa, kiṁ vā pana me karīyamānaṁ dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāya assā’ti.  
‘Sirs, what is skillful? What is unskillful? What is blameworthy? What is blameless? What should be cultivated? What should not be cultivated? Doing what leads to my lasting harm and suffering? Doing what leads to my lasting welfare and happiness?’

Āpattikusalatā ca āpattivuṭṭhānakusalatā ca.  
Skill in offenses and skill in rehabilitation from offenses.
Samāpattikusalatā ca samāpattivuṭṭhānakusalatā ca.  
Skill in meditative attainments and skill in emerging from those attainments.
Dhātukusalatā ca manasikārakusalatā ca.  
Skill in the elements and skill in application of mind.
Āyatanakusalatā ca paṭiccasamuppādakusalatā ca.  
Skill in the sense fields and skill in dependent origination.
Ṭhānakusalatā ca aṭṭhānakusalatā ca.  
Skill in what is possible and skill in what is impossible.
Tīṇi akusalamūlāni—  
Three unskillful roots:
lobho akusalamūlaṁ, doso akusalamūlaṁ, moho akusalamūlaṁ.  
greed, hate, and delusion.
Tīṇi kusalamūlāni—  
Three skillful roots:
alobho kusalamūlaṁ, adoso kusalamūlaṁ, amoho kusalamūlaṁ.  
non-greed, non-hate, and non-delusion.
Tayo akusalavitakkā—  
Three unskillful thoughts:
Tayo kusalavitakkā—  
Three skillful thoughts:
Tayo akusalasaṅkappā—  
Three unskillful intentions:
Tayo kusalasaṅkappā—  
Three skillful intentions:
Tisso akusalasaññā—  
Three unskillful perceptions:
Tisso kusalasaññā—  
Three skillful perceptions:
Tisso akusaladhātuyo—  
Three unskillful elements:
Tisso kusaladhātuyo—  
Three skillful elements:
Dasa akusalakammapathā—  
Ten ways of doing unskillful deeds:
Dasa kusalakammapathā—  
Ten ways of doing skillful deeds:

Tīṇi akusalamūlāni—  
Three unskillful roots:
lobho akusalamūlaṁ, doso akusalamūlaṁ, moho akusalamūlaṁ.  
greed, hate, and delusion.
Tīṇi kusalamūlāni—  
Three skillful roots:
alobho kusalamūlaṁ, adoso kusalamūlaṁ, amoho kusalamūlaṁ.  
non-greed, non-hate, and non-delusion.
Dasa akusalakammapathā—  
Ten ways of doing unskillful deeds:
Dasa kusalakammapathā—  
Ten ways of doing skillful deeds:

Yoniso, bhikkhave, bhikkhu manasi karonto akusalaṁ pajahati, kusalaṁ bhāvetī”ti.  
A mendicant rationally applying the mind gives up the unskillful and develops the skillful.”

Kalyāṇamitto, bhikkhave, bhikkhu akusalaṁ pajahati, kusalaṁ bhāvetī”ti.  
A mendicant who has good friends gives up the unskillful and develops the skillful.”

Akatvā kusalaṁ kammaṁ,  
not having done good deeds,
katvānākusalaṁ bahuṁ;  
and having done many bad,

Akatvākusalaṁ kammaṁ,  
not having done bad deeds,
katvāna kusalaṁ bahuṁ;  
and having done many good,

‘yaṁ akusalaṁ taṁ pahīnan’ti.  
‘What is unskillful has been given up.’
‘kiṁ akusalaṁ, kiṁ appahīnaṁ, kiṁ pajahāmā’”ti.  
‘What is unskillful? What is not given up? What should I give up?’”

“Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, akusalamūlāni.  
“Mendicants, there are these three unskillful roots.
Lobho akusalamūlaṁ, doso akusalamūlaṁ, moho akusalamūlaṁ—  
Greed, hate, and delusion.
imāni kho, bhikkhave, tīṇi akusalamūlānī”ti.  
These are the three unskillful roots.”

Akatvā kusalaṁ kammaṁ,  
not having done good deeds,
katvānākusalaṁ bahuṁ;  
and having done many bad,

Akatvākusalaṁ kammaṁ,  
not having done bad deeds,
katvāna kusalaṁ bahuṁ;  
and having done many good,

“Tayome, bhikkhave, akusalavitakkā.  
“Mendicants, there are these three unskillful thoughts.
Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo akusalavitakkā”ti.  
These are the three unskillful thoughts.”

Kāyena kusalaṁ katvā,  
and having done much good,
vācāya kusalaṁ bahuṁ;  
by way of body,
Manasā kusalaṁ katvā,  
speech, and mind,

“Tayome, bhikkhave, akusalavitakkā andhakaraṇā acakkhukaraṇā aññāṇakaraṇā paññānirodhikā vighātapakkhikā anibbānasaṁvattanikā.  
“Mendicants, these three unskillful thoughts are destroyers of sight, vision, and knowledge. They block wisdom, they’re on the side of anguish, and they don’t lead to extinguishment.
Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo akusalavitakkā andhakaraṇā acakkhukaraṇā aññāṇakaraṇā paññānirodhikā vighātapakkhikā anibbānasaṁvattanikā.  
These are the three unskillful thoughts that are destroyers of sight, vision, and knowledge. They block wisdom, they’re on the side of anguish, and they don’t lead to extinguishment.
Tayome, bhikkhave, kusalavitakkā anandhakaraṇā cakkhukaraṇā ñāṇakaraṇā paññāvuddhikā avighātapakkhikā nibbānasaṁvattanikā.  
These three skillful thoughts are creators of sight, vision, and knowledge. They grow wisdom, they’re on the side of solace, and they lead to extinguishment.
Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo kusalavitakkā anandhakaraṇā cakkhukaraṇā ñāṇakaraṇā paññāvuddhikā avighātapakkhikā nibbānasaṁvattanikā”ti.  
These are the three skillful thoughts that are creators of sight, vision, and knowledge. They grow wisdom, they’re on the side of solace, and they lead to extinguishment.”

Kusalaṁ kena kathañca paṇḍitoti;  
“Why is one ‘skillful’, and how ‘a wise scholar’?

Ukkāmukheva sukusalasampahaṭṭhaṁ;  
the boy shone like burning gold sukusalasampahaṭṭhaṁ → sukusalena sampahaṭṭhaṁ (mr)
Nālatthaṁ kusalaṁ iti;  
I got nothing, that’s fine.’

Vācaṁ pamuñce kusalaṁ nātivelaṁ,  
They may utter skillful speech, but not for too long,

Sukhañca kusalaṁ pucchi,  
asked of his happiness and well-being,

‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā aparisuddhakāyakammantā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, aparisuddhakāyakammantasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.  
‘There are ascetics and brahmins with unpurified conduct of body, speech, and mind who frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest. Those ascetics and brahmins summon unskillful fear and dread because of these defects in their conduct.
aparisuddhājīvā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, aparisuddhājīvasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.  
‘There are ascetics and brahmins with unpurified livelihood who frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest. Those ascetics and brahmins summon unskillful fear and dread because of these defects in their livelihood.
‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā abhijjhālū kāmesu tibbasārāgā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, abhijjhālukāmesutibbasārāgasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.  
‘There are ascetics and brahmins full of desire for sensual pleasures, with acute lust …
‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā byāpannacittā paduṭṭhamanasaṅkappā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, byāpannacittapaduṭṭhamanasaṅkappasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.  
‘There are ascetics and brahmins full of ill will, with malicious intentions …
‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhitā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhānasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.  
‘There are ascetics and brahmins overcome with dullness and drowsiness …
‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā uddhatā avūpasantacittā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, uddhataavūpasantacittasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.  
‘There are ascetics and brahmins who are restless, with no peace of mind …
‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā kaṅkhī vicikicchī araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, kaṅkhivicikicchisandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.  
‘There are ascetics and brahmins who are doubting and uncertain …
‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā attukkaṁsakā paravambhī araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, attukkaṁsanaparavambhanasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.  
‘There are ascetics and brahmins who glorify themselves and put others down …
‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā chambhī bhīrukajātikā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, chambhibhīrukajātikasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.  
‘There are ascetics and brahmins who are cowardly and craven …
‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā lābhasakkārasilokaṁ nikāmayamānā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, lābhasakkārasilokanikāmanasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.  
‘There are ascetics and brahmins who enjoy possessions, honor, and popularity …
‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā kusītā hīnavīriyā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, kusītahīnavīriyasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.  
‘There are ascetics and brahmins who are lazy and lack energy …
‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā muṭṭhassatī asampajānā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, muṭṭhassatiasampajānasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.  
‘There are ascetics and brahmins who are unmindful and lack situational awareness …
‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā asamāhitā vibbhantacittā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, asamāhitavibbhantacittasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.  
‘There are ascetics and brahmins who lack immersion, with straying minds …
‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā duppaññā eḷamūgā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, duppaññaeḷamūgasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.  
‘There are ascetics and brahmins who are witless and stupid who frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest. Those ascetics and brahmins summon unskillful fear and dread because of the defects of witlessness and stupidity.

“Yato kho, āvuso, ariyasāvako akusalañca pajānāti, akusalamūlañca pajānāti, kusalañca pajānāti, kusalamūlañca pajānāti—  
“A noble disciple understands the unskillful and its root, and the skillful and its root.
Katamaṁ panāvuso, akusalaṁ, katamaṁ akusalamūlaṁ, katamaṁ kusalaṁ, katamaṁ kusalamūlaṁ?  
But what is the unskillful and what is its root? And what is the skillful and what is its root?
Pāṇātipāto kho, āvuso, akusalaṁ, adinnādānaṁ akusalaṁ, kāmesumicchācāro akusalaṁ, musāvādo akusalaṁ, pisuṇā vācā akusalaṁ, pharusā vācā akusalaṁ, samphappalāpo akusalaṁ, abhijjhā akusalaṁ, byāpādo akusalaṁ, micchādiṭṭhi akusalaṁ—  
Killing living creatures, stealing, and sexual misconduct; speech that’s false, divisive, harsh, or nonsensical; and covetousness, ill will, and wrong view. pharusā vācā → pharusavācā (mr) | pisuṇā vācā → pisuṇavācā (mr)
idaṁ vuccatāvuso akusalaṁ.  
This is called the unskillful.
Katamañcāvuso, akusalamūlaṁ?  
And what is the root of the unskillful?
Lobho akusalamūlaṁ, doso akusalamūlaṁ, moho akusalamūlaṁ—  
Greed, hate, and delusion.
idaṁ vuccatāvuso, akusalamūlaṁ.  
This is called the root of the unskillful.
Katamañcāvuso, kusalaṁ?  
And what is the skillful?
Pāṇātipātā veramaṇī kusalaṁ, adinnādānā veramaṇī kusalaṁ, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī kusalaṁ, musāvādā veramaṇī kusalaṁ, pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī kusalaṁ, pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī kusalaṁ, samphappalāpā veramaṇī kusalaṁ, anabhijjhā kusalaṁ, abyāpādo kusalaṁ, sammādiṭṭhi kusalaṁ—  
Avoiding killing living creatures, stealing, and sexual misconduct; avoiding speech that’s false, divisive, harsh, or nonsensical; contentment, good will, and right view.
idaṁ vuccatāvuso, kusalaṁ.  
This is called the skillful.
Katamañcāvuso, kusalamūlaṁ?  
And what is the root of the skillful?
Alobho kusalamūlaṁ, adoso kusalamūlaṁ, amoho kusalamūlaṁ—  
Contentment, love, and understanding.
idaṁ vuccatāvuso, kusalamūlaṁ.  
This is called the root of the skillful.
Yato kho, āvuso, ariyasāvako evaṁ akusalaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ akusalamūlaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ kusalaṁ pajānāti, evaṁ kusalamūlaṁ pajānāti, so sabbaso rāgānusayaṁ pahāya, paṭighānusayaṁ paṭivinodetvā, ‘asmī’ti diṭṭhimānānusayaṁ samūhanitvā, avijjaṁ pahāya vijjaṁ uppādetvā, diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti—  
A noble disciple understands in this way the unskillful and its root, and the skillful and its root. They’ve completely given up the underlying tendency to greed, got rid of the underlying tendency to repulsion, and eradicated the underlying tendency to the view and conceit ‘I am’. They’ve given up ignorance and given rise to knowledge, and make an end of suffering in this very life.

Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, tumhepi akusalaṁ pajahatha, kusalesu dhammesu āyogaṁ karotha.  
So, mendicants, you too should give up what’s unskillful and devote yourselves to skillful qualities.
Evameva kho, bhikkhave, tumhepi akusalaṁ pajahatha, kusalesu dhammesu āyogaṁ karotha.  
In the same way, mendicants, you too should give up what’s unskillful and devote yourselves to skillful qualities.

So evaṁ pabbajito samāno kiṅkusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno yena āḷāro kālāmo tenupasaṅkamiṁ. upasaṅkamitvā āḷāraṁ kālāmaṁ etadavocaṁ:  
Once I had gone forth I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. I approached Āḷāra Kālāma and said to him,
So kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, kiṁ kusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno yena udako rāmaputto tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā udakaṁ rāmaputtaṁ etadavocaṁ:  
I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. I approached Uddaka son of Rāma and said to him, udako → uddako (bj, sya-all, pts1ed)
So kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, kiṁ kusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno magadhesu anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno yena uruvelā senānigamo tadavasariṁ.  
I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. Traveling stage by stage in the Magadhan lands, I arrived at Senānigama in Uruvelā.

Tassa ce, āvuso, bhikkhuno evaṁ buddhaṁ anussarato evaṁ dhammaṁ anussarato evaṁ saṅghaṁ anussarato upekkhā kusalanissitā na saṇṭhāti.  
While recollecting the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha in this way, equanimity based on the skillful may not become stabilized in them.
yassa me evaṁ buddhaṁ anussarato, evaṁ dhammaṁ anussarato, evaṁ saṅghaṁ anussarato, upekkhā kusalanissitā na saṇṭhātī’ti.  
that while recollecting the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha in this way, equanimity based on the skillful does not become stabilized in me.’
evameva kho, āvuso, tassa ce bhikkhuno evaṁ buddhaṁ anussarato, evaṁ dhammaṁ anussarato, evaṁ saṅghaṁ anussarato, upekkhā kusalanissitā na saṇṭhāti, so tena saṁvijjati saṁvegaṁ āpajjati:  
mn28
‘alābhā vata me, na vata me lābhā; dulladdhaṁ vata me, na vata me suladdhaṁ, yassa me evaṁ buddhaṁ anussarato evaṁ dhammaṁ anussarato, evaṁ saṅghaṁ anussarato, upekkhā kusalanissitā na saṇṭhātī’ti.  
mn28
Tassa ce, āvuso, bhikkhuno evaṁ buddhaṁ anussarato, evaṁ dhammaṁ anussarato, evaṁ saṅghaṁ anussarato upekkhā kusalanissitā saṇṭhāti, so tena attamano hoti.  
But if, while recollecting the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha in this way, equanimity based on the skillful does become stabilized in them, they’re happy with that.
tassa ce, āvuso, bhikkhuno evaṁ buddhaṁ anussarato, evaṁ dhammaṁ anussarato, evaṁ saṅghaṁ anussarato upekkhā kusalanissitā saṇṭhāti. So tena attamano hoti.  
If, while recollecting the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha in this way, equanimity based on the skillful does become stabilized in them, they’re happy with that.
Atha khvāssa notevettha hoti …pe… tassa ce, āvuso, bhikkhuno evaṁ buddhaṁ anussarato evaṁ dhammaṁ anussarato evaṁ saṅghaṁ anussarato upekkhā kusalanissitā saṇṭhāti, so tena attamano hoti.  
If, while recollecting the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha in this way, equanimity based on the skillful does become stabilized in them, they’re happy with that.
Tassa ce, āvuso, bhikkhuno evaṁ buddhaṁ anussarato, evaṁ dhammaṁ anussarato, evaṁ saṅghaṁ anussarato upekkhā kusalanissitā na saṇṭhāti.  
While recollecting the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha in this way, equanimity based on the skillful may not become stabilized in them.
Yassa me evaṁ buddhaṁ anussarato, evaṁ dhammaṁ anussarato, evaṁ saṅghaṁ anussarato upekkhā kusalanissitā na saṇṭhātī’ti.  
that while recollecting the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha in this way, equanimity based on the skillful does not become stabilized in me.’
evameva kho, āvuso, tassa ce bhikkhuno evaṁ buddhaṁ anussarato, evaṁ dhammaṁ anussarato, evaṁ saṅghaṁ anussarato, upekkhā kusalanissitā na saṇṭhāti.  
mn28
Yassa me evaṁ buddhaṁ anussarato, evaṁ dhammaṁ anussarato, evaṁ saṅghaṁ anussarato, upekkhā kusalanissitā na saṇṭhātī’ti.  
mn28
Tassa ce, āvuso, bhikkhuno evaṁ buddhaṁ anussarato, evaṁ dhammaṁ anussarato, evaṁ saṅghaṁ anussarato, upekkhā kusalanissitā saṇṭhāti, so tena attamano hoti.  
But if, while recollecting the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha in this way, equanimity based on the skillful does become stabilized in them, they’re happy with that.

So evaṁ pabbajito samāno kiṅkusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno yena āḷāro kālāmo tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā āḷāraṁ kālāmaṁ etadavocaṁ:  
Once I had gone forth I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. I approached Āḷāra Kālāma and said to him,
So kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, kiṅkusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno yena udako rāmaputto tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā udakaṁ rāmaputtaṁ etadavocaṁ:  
I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. I approached Uddaka son of Rāma and said to him,
So kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, kiṅkusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno magadhesu anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno yena uruvelā senānigamo tadavasariṁ.  
I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. Traveling stage by stage in the Magadhan lands, I arrived at Senānigama in Uruvelā.

‘dīgharattaṁ samāpanno ayamāyasmā imaṁ kusalaṁ dhammaṁ, udāhu ittarasamāpanno’ti?  
‘Did the venerable attain this skillful state a long time ago, or just recently?’
‘dīgharattaṁ samāpanno ayamāyasmā imaṁ kusalaṁ dhammaṁ, nāyamāyasmā ittarasamāpanno’ti.  
the venerable attained this skillful state a long time ago, not just recently.
‘dīgharattaṁ samāpanno ayamāyasmā imaṁ kusalaṁ dhammaṁ, nāyamāyasmā ittarasamāpanno’ti, tato naṁ uttariṁ samannesati:  
They scrutinize further:

iṅgha tvaṁ, mārisa, appossukko diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāramanuyutto viharassu, anakkhātaṁ kusalañhi, mārisa, mā paraṁ ovadāhī’ti.  
please, good sir, remain passive, dwelling in blissful meditation in the present life, for this is better left unsaid. Good sir, do not instruct others.’

Asaṁsayassa kusalassa,  
He’s free of doubt, he’s skillful,

Evamassāyaṁ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṁsaṁ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṁ ṭhānaṁ.  
They have wrongly undertaken this guaranteed teaching in such a way that it encompasses the positive outcomes of one side only, leaving out the skillful premise.
Evamassāyaṁ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno ubhayaṁsaṁ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṁ ṭhānaṁ.  
They have rightly undertaken this guaranteed teaching in such a way that it encompasses the positive outcomes of both sides, leaving out the unskillful premise.
Evamassāyaṁ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṁsaṁ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṁ ṭhānaṁ.  
They have wrongly undertaken this guaranteed teaching in such a way that it encompasses the positive outcomes of one side only, leaving out the skillful premise.
Evamassāyaṁ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno, ubhayaṁsaṁ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṁ ṭhānaṁ.  
They have rightly undertaken this guaranteed teaching in such a way that it encompasses the positive outcomes of both sides, leaving out the unskillful premise.
Evamassāyaṁ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṁsaṁ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṁ ṭhānaṁ.  
They have wrongly undertaken this guaranteed teaching in such a way that it encompasses the positive outcomes of one side only, leaving out the skillful premise.
Evamassāyaṁ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno, ubhayaṁsaṁ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṁ ṭhānaṁ.  
They have rightly undertaken this guaranteed teaching in such a way that it encompasses the positive outcomes of both sides, leaving out the unskillful premise.

akusalaṁ idaṁ kāyakammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti?  
Is it unskillful, with suffering as its outcome and result?’ dukkhudrayaṁ → dukkhudayaṁ (mr)
akusalaṁ idaṁ kāyakammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti, evarūpaṁ te, rāhula, kāyena kammaṁ sasakkaṁ na karaṇīyaṁ.  
It’s unskillful, with suffering as its outcome and result.’ To the best of your ability, Rāhula, you should not do such a deed. sasakkaṁ na karaṇīyaṁ → saṁsakkaṁ na ca karaṇīyaṁ (mr)
kusalaṁ idaṁ kāyakammaṁ sukhudrayaṁ sukhavipākan’ti, evarūpaṁ te, rāhula, kāyena kammaṁ karaṇīyaṁ.  
It’s skillful, with happiness as its outcome and result.’ Then, Rāhula, you should do such a deed.
akusalaṁ idaṁ kāyakammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti?  
Is it unskillful, with suffering as its outcome and result?’
akusalaṁ idaṁ kāyakammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti, paṭisaṁhareyyāsi tvaṁ, rāhula, evarūpaṁ kāyakammaṁ.  
It’s unskillful, with suffering as its outcome and result.’ Then, Rāhula, you should desist from such a deed.
kusalaṁ idaṁ kāyakammaṁ sukhudrayaṁ sukhavipākan’ti, anupadajjeyyāsi tvaṁ, rāhula, evarūpaṁ kāyakammaṁ.  
It’s skillful, with happiness as its outcome and result.’ Then, Rāhula, you should continue doing such a deed.
akusalaṁ idaṁ kāyakammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti?  
Is it unskillful, with suffering as its outcome and result?’
akusalaṁ idaṁ kāyakammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti, evarūpaṁ te, rāhula, kāyakammaṁ satthari vā viññūsu vā sabrahmacārīsu desetabbaṁ, vivaritabbaṁ, uttānīkātabbaṁ;  
It’s unskillful, with suffering as its outcome and result.’ Then, Rāhula, you should confess, reveal, and clarify such a deed to the Teacher or a sensible spiritual companion.
kusalaṁ idaṁ kāyakammaṁ sukhudrayaṁ sukhavipākan’ti, teneva tvaṁ, rāhula, pītipāmojjena vihareyyāsi ahorattānusikkhī kusalesu dhammesu.  
It’s skillful, with happiness as its outcome and result.’ Then, Rāhula, you should live in rapture and joy because of this, training day and night in skillful qualities.
akusalaṁ idaṁ vacīkammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti?  
mn61
akusalaṁ idaṁ vacīkammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti, evarūpaṁ te, rāhula, vācāya kammaṁ sasakkaṁ na karaṇīyaṁ.  
mn61
kusalaṁ idaṁ vacīkammaṁ sukhudrayaṁ sukhavipākan’ti, evarūpaṁ te, rāhula, vācāya kammaṁ karaṇīyaṁ.  
mn61
akusalaṁ idaṁ vacīkammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti?  
mn61
akusalaṁ idaṁ vacīkammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti, paṭisaṁhareyyāsi tvaṁ, rāhula, evarūpaṁ vacīkammaṁ.  
mn61
kusalaṁ idaṁ vacīkammaṁ sukhudrayaṁ sukhavipākan’ti, anupadajjeyyāsi tvaṁ, rāhula, evarūpaṁ vacīkammaṁ.  
mn61
akusalaṁ idaṁ vacīkammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti?  
mn61
akusalaṁ idaṁ vacīkammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti, evarūpaṁ te, rāhula, vacīkammaṁ satthari vā viññūsu vā sabrahmacārīsu desetabbaṁ, vivaritabbaṁ, uttānīkattabbaṁ;  
It’s unskillful, with suffering as its outcome and result.’ Then, Rāhula, you should confess, reveal, and clarify such a deed to the Teacher or a sensible spiritual companion.
kusalaṁ idaṁ vacīkammaṁ sukhudrayaṁ sukhavipākan’ti, teneva tvaṁ, rāhula, pītipāmojjena vihareyyāsi ahorattānusikkhī kusalesu dhammesu.  
It’s skillful, with happiness as its outcome and result.’ Then, Rāhula, you should live in rapture and joy because of this, training day and night in skillful qualities.
akusalaṁ idaṁ manokammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti?  
mn61
akusalaṁ idaṁ manokammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti, evarūpaṁ te, rāhula, manasā kammaṁ sasakkaṁ na karaṇīyaṁ.  
mn61
kusalaṁ idaṁ manokammaṁ sukhudrayaṁ sukhavipākan’ti, evarūpaṁ te, rāhula, manasā kammaṁ karaṇīyaṁ.  
mn61
akusalaṁ idaṁ manokammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti?  
mn61
akusalaṁ idaṁ manokammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti, paṭisaṁhareyyāsi tvaṁ, rāhula, evarūpaṁ manokammaṁ.  
mn61
kusalaṁ idaṁ manokammaṁ sukhudrayaṁ sukhavipākan’ti, anupadajjeyyāsi tvaṁ, rāhula, evarūpaṁ manokammaṁ.  
mn61
akusalaṁ idaṁ manokammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti?  
mn61
akusalaṁ idaṁ manokammaṁ dukkhudrayaṁ dukkhavipākan’ti, evarūpaṁ pana te, rāhula, manokammaṁ aṭṭīyitabbaṁ harāyitabbaṁ jigucchitabbaṁ;  
It’s unskillful, with suffering as its outcome and result.’ Then, Rāhula, you should be horrified, repelled, and disgusted by that deed. evarūpaṁ pana → evarūpe (bj, pts1ed); evarūpe pana (sya-all, km) "
kusalaṁ idaṁ manokammaṁ sukhudrayaṁ sukhavipākan’ti, teneva tvaṁ, rāhula, pītipāmojjena vihareyyāsi ahorattānusikkhī kusalesu dhammesu.  
It’s skillful, with happiness as its outcome and result.’ Then, Rāhula, you should live in rapture and joy because of this, training day and night in skillful qualities.

“accayo maṁ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yohaṁ bhagavatā sikkhāpade paññāpiyamāne bhikkhusaṅghe sikkhaṁ samādiyamāne anussāhaṁ pavedesiṁ.  
“I have made a mistake, sir. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of me that, as this rule was being laid down by the Buddha and the Saṅgha was undertaking it, I announced I would not try to keep it.
“Taggha tvaṁ, bhaddāli, accayo accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yaṁ tvaṁ mayā sikkhāpade paññāpiyamāne bhikkhusaṅghe sikkhaṁ samādiyamāne anussāhaṁ pavedesi.  
“Indeed, Bhaddāli, you made a mistake. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of you that, as this rule was being laid down by the Buddha and the Saṅgha was undertaking it, you announced you would not try to keep it.
“Accayo maṁ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yohaṁ bhagavatā sikkhāpade paññāpiyamāne bhikkhusaṅghe sikkhaṁ samādiyamāne anussāhaṁ pavedesiṁ.  
“I made a mistake, sir. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of me that, as this rule was being laid down by the Buddha and the Saṅgha was undertaking it, I announced I would not try to keep it.
“Taggha tvaṁ, bhaddāli, accayo accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yaṁ tvaṁ mayā sikkhāpade paññāpiyamāne bhikkhusaṅghe sikkhaṁ samādiyamāne anussāhaṁ pavedesi.  
“Indeed, Bhaddāli, you made a mistake. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of you that, as this rule was being laid down by the Buddha and the Saṅgha was undertaking it, you announced you would not try to keep it.
Accayo maṁ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yohaṁ bhagavatā sikkhāpade paññāpiyamāne bhikkhusaṅghe sikkhaṁ samādiyamāne anussāhaṁ pavedesiṁ.  
“I made a mistake, sir. …
“Taggha tvaṁ, bhaddāli, accayo accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yaṁ tvaṁ mayā sikkhāpade paññāpiyamāne bhikkhusaṅghe sikkhaṁ samādiyamāne anussāhaṁ pavedesi.  
“Indeed, Bhaddāli, you made a mistake. …

Sādhu me bhavaṁ gotamo saṅkhittena kusalākusalaṁ desetū”ti.  
Please teach me in brief what is skillful and what is unskillful.”
“Saṅkhittenapi kho te ahaṁ, vaccha, kusalākusalaṁ deseyyaṁ, vitthārenapi kho te ahaṁ, vaccha, kusalākusalaṁ deseyyaṁ;  
“Vaccha, I can teach you what is skillful and what is unskillful in brief or in detail.
api ca te ahaṁ, vaccha, saṅkhittena kusalākusalaṁ desessāmi.  
Still, let me do so in brief.
“Lobho kho, vaccha, akusalaṁ, alobho kusalaṁ;  
“Greed is unskillful, contentment is skillful.
doso kho, vaccha, akusalaṁ, adoso kusalaṁ;  
Hate is unskillful, love is skillful.
moho kho, vaccha, akusalaṁ, amoho kusalaṁ.  
Delusion is unskillful, understanding is skillful.
Pāṇātipāto kho, vaccha, akusalaṁ, pāṇātipātā veramaṇī kusalaṁ;  
Killing living creatures, stealing, and sexual misconduct; speech that’s false, divisive, harsh, or nonsensical; covetousness, ill will, and wrong view: these things are unskillful.
adinnādānaṁ kho, vaccha, akusalaṁ, adinnādānā veramaṇī kusalaṁ;  
Refraining from killing living creatures, stealing, and sexual misconduct; refraining from speech that’s false, divisive, harsh, or nonsensical; contentment, kind-heartedness, and right view: these things are skillful.
kāmesumicchācāro kho, vaccha, akusalaṁ, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī kusalaṁ;  
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musāvādo kho, vaccha, akusalaṁ, musāvādā veramaṇī kusalaṁ;  
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pisuṇā vācā kho, vaccha, akusalaṁ, pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī kusalaṁ;  
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pharusā vācā kho, vaccha, akusalaṁ, pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī kusalaṁ;  
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samphappalāpo kho, vaccha, akusalaṁ, samphappalāpā veramaṇī kusalaṁ;  
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abhijjhā kho, vaccha, akusalaṁ, anabhijjhā kusalaṁ;  
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byāpādo kho, vaccha, akusalaṁ, abyāpādo kusalaṁ;  
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micchādiṭṭhi kho, vaccha, akusalaṁ sammādiṭṭhi kusalaṁ.  
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“cattārome, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena abrahmacariyavāsā akkhātā cattāri ca anassāsikāni brahmacariyāni akkhātāni, yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalan”ti.  
“Sandaka, these things have been explained by the Blessed One, who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha: four ways that negate the spiritual life, and four kinds of unreliable spiritual life. A sensible person would, to the best of their ability, not practice such spiritual paths, and if they did practice them, they wouldn’t succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.” vasanto ca → vasanto vā (bj, pts1ed)
“Katame pana te, bho ānanda, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro abrahmacariyavāsā akkhātā, yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalan”ti?  
“But Master Ānanda, what are the four ways that negate the spiritual life, and the four kinds of unreliable spiritual life?”
Ayaṁ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena paṭhamo abrahmacariyavāso akkhāto yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
This is the first way that negates the spiritual life.
Ayaṁ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dutiyo abrahmacariyavāso akkhāto yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
This is the second way that negates the spiritual life.
Ayaṁ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena tatiyo abrahmacariyavāso akkhāto yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
This is the third way that negates the spiritual life.
Ayaṁ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena catuttho abrahmacariyavāso akkhāto yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
This is the fourth way that negates the spiritual life.
Ime kho te, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro abrahmacariyavāsā akkhātā yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalan”ti.  
These are the four ways that negate the spiritual life that have been explained by the Blessed One, who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha. A sensible person would, to the best of their ability, not practice such spiritual paths, and if they did practice them, they wouldn’t succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.”
Yāvañcidaṁ tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro abrahmacariyavāsāva samānā ‘abrahmacariyavāsā’ti akkhātā yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalanti.  
how these four ways that negate the spiritual life have been explained by the Buddha.
Katamāni pana tāni, bho ānanda, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāri anassāsikāni brahmacariyāni akkhātāni yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalan”ti?  
But Master Ānanda, what are the four kinds of unreliable spiritual life?”
Idaṁ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena paṭhamaṁ anassāsikaṁ brahmacariyaṁ akkhātaṁ yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
This is the first kind of unreliable spiritual life.
Idaṁ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dutiyaṁ anassāsikaṁ brahmacariyaṁ akkhātaṁ yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
This is the second kind of unreliable spiritual life.
Idaṁ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena tatiyaṁ anassāsikaṁ brahmacariyaṁ akkhātaṁ yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
This is the third kind of unreliable spiritual life.
Idaṁ kho, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena catutthaṁ anassāsikaṁ brahmacariyaṁ akkhātaṁ yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
This is the fourth kind of unreliable spiritual life.
Imāni kho tāni, sandaka, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāri anassāsikāni brahmacariyāni akkhātāni yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalan”ti.  
These are the four kinds of unreliable spiritual life that have been explained by the Blessed One, who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha. A sensible person would, to the best of their ability, not practice such spiritual paths, and if they did practice them, they wouldn’t complete the system of the skillful teaching.” tāni → idaṁ padaṁ bj, sya-all, pts1ed potthakesu
Yāvañcidaṁ tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāri anassāsikāneva brahmacariyāni anassāsikāni brahmacariyānīti akkhātāni yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ na vaseyya, vasanto ca nārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
how these four kinds of unreliable spiritual life have been explained by the Buddha.
So pana, bho ānanda, satthā kiṁ vādī kiṁ akkhāyī yattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalan”ti.  
But, Master Ānanda, what would a teacher say and explain so that a sensible person would, to the best of their ability, practice such a spiritual path, and once practicing it, they would complete the system of the skillful teaching?”
Yasmiṁ kho, sandaka, satthari sāvako evarūpaṁ uḷāravisesaṁ adhigacchati tattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
A sensible person would, to the best of their ability lead the spiritual life under a teacher who achieves such a high distinction, and, once practicing it, they would complete the system of the skillful teaching. Yasmiṁ kho → yasmiṁ kho pana (sya-all, km, mr) "
Yasmiṁ kho, sandaka, satthari sāvako evarūpaṁ uḷāravisesaṁ adhigacchati tattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
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Yasmiṁ kho, sandaka, satthari sāvako evarūpaṁ uḷāravisesaṁ adhigacchati tattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
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Yasmiṁ kho, sandaka, satthari sāvako evarūpaṁ uḷāravisesaṁ adhigacchati tattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
A sensible person would, to the best of their ability lead the spiritual life under a teacher who achieves such a high distinction, and, once practicing it, they would complete the system of the skillful teaching.
Yasmiṁ kho, sandaka, satthari sāvako evarūpaṁ uḷāravisesaṁ adhigacchati tattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
A sensible person would, to the best of their ability lead the spiritual life under a teacher who achieves such a high distinction, and, once practicing it, they would complete the system of the skillful teaching.
Yasmiṁ kho, sandaka, satthari sāvako evarūpaṁ uḷāravisesaṁ adhigacchati tattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
A sensible person would, to the best of their ability lead the spiritual life under a teacher who achieves such a high distinction, and, once practicing it, they would complete the system of the skillful teaching.
Yasmiṁ kho, sandaka, satthari sāvako evarūpaṁ uḷāravisesaṁ adhigacchati tattha viññū puriso sasakkaṁ brahmacariyaṁ vaseyya, vasanto ca ārādheyya ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalan”ti.  
A sensible person would, to the best of their ability lead the spiritual life under a teacher who achieves such a high distinction, and, once practicing it, they would complete the system of the skillful teaching.”

“catūhi kho ahaṁ, gahapati, dhammehi samannāgataṁ purisapuggalaṁ paññapemi sampannakusalaṁ paramakusalaṁ uttamapattipattaṁ samaṇaṁ ayojjhaṁ.  
“Householder, when an individual has four qualities I describe them as an invincible ascetic—accomplished in the skillful, excelling in the skillful, attained to the highest attainment.
imehi kho ahaṁ, gahapati, catūhi dhammehi samannāgataṁ purisapuggalaṁ paññapemi sampannakusalaṁ paramakusalaṁ uttamapattipattaṁ samaṇaṁ ayojjhan”ti.  
When an individual has these four qualities I describe them as an invincible ascetic.”
Catūhi kho ahaṁ, thapati, dhammehi samannāgataṁ purisapuggalaṁ paññapemi na ceva sampannakusalaṁ na paramakusalaṁ na uttamapattipattaṁ samaṇaṁ ayojjhaṁ, api cimaṁ daharaṁ kumāraṁ mandaṁ uttānaseyyakaṁ samadhigayha tiṭṭhati.  
When an individual has four qualities I describe them, not as an invincible ascetic—accomplished in the skillful, excelling in the skillful, attained to the highest attainment—but as having achieved the same level as a little baby.
imehi kho ahaṁ, thapati, catūhi dhammehi samannāgataṁ purisapuggalaṁ paññapemi na ceva sampannakusalaṁ na paramakusalaṁ na uttamapattipattaṁ samaṇaṁ ayojjhaṁ, api cimaṁ daharaṁ kumāraṁ mandaṁ uttānaseyyakaṁ samadhigayha tiṭṭhati.  
When an individual has these four qualities I describe them, not as an invincible ascetic, but as having achieved the same level as a little baby.
Dasahi kho ahaṁ, thapati, dhammehi samannāgataṁ purisapuggalaṁ paññapemi sampannakusalaṁ paramakusalaṁ uttamapattipattaṁ samaṇaṁ ayojjhaṁ.  
When an individual has ten qualities, master builder, I describe them as an invincible ascetic—accomplished in the skillful, excelling in the skillful, attained to the highest attainment.
Akusalaṁ kāyakammaṁ, akusalaṁ vacīkammaṁ, pāpako ājīvo—  
Unskillful deeds by way of body and speech, and bad livelihood.
Kusalaṁ kāyakammaṁ, kusalaṁ vacīkammaṁ, ājīvaparisuddhampi kho ahaṁ, thapati, sīlasmiṁ vadāmi.  
Skillful deeds by way of body and speech, and purified livelihood are included in behavior, I say.
Katamehi cāhaṁ, thapati, dasahi dhammehi samannāgataṁ purisapuggalaṁ paññapemi sampannakusalaṁ paramakusalaṁ uttamapattipattaṁ samaṇaṁ ayojjhaṁ?  
Master builder, when an individual has what ten qualities do I describe them as an invincible ascetic—accomplished in the skillful, excelling in the skillful, attained to the highest attainment?
imehi kho ahaṁ, thapati, dasahi dhammehi samannāgataṁ purisapuggalaṁ paññapemi sampannakusalaṁ paramakusalaṁ uttamapattipattaṁ samaṇaṁ ayojjhan”ti.  
When an individual has these ten qualities, I describe them as an invincible ascetic—accomplished in the skillful, excelling in the skillful, attained to the highest attainment.”

So evaṁ pabbajito samāno kiṅkusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno yena āḷāro kālāmo tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā āḷāraṁ kālāmaṁ etadavocaṁ:  
Once I had gone forth I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. I approached Āḷāra Kālāma and said to him,
So kho ahaṁ, rājakumāra, kiṅkusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno yena udako rāmaputto tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā udakaṁ rāmaputtaṁ etadavocaṁ:  
I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. I approached Uddaka son of Rāma and said to him, udako → uddako (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed)
So kho ahaṁ, rājakumāra, kiṅkusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno, magadhesu anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno, yena uruvelā senānigamo tadavasariṁ.  
I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. Traveling stage by stage in the Magadhan lands, I arrived at Senānigama in Uruvelā.

“Sabbākusaladhammapahīno kho, mahārāja, tathāgato kusaladhammasamannāgato”ti.  
“Great king, the Realized One has given up all unskillful things and possesses skillful things.”
“Sabbākusaladhammapahīno kho, mahārāja, tathāgato kusaladhammasamannāgato”ti.  
“Great king, the Realized One has given up all unskillful things and possesses skillful things.”

Samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sīlavā ariyasīlī kusalasīlī kusalena sīlena samannāgato …pe…  
He is ethical, possessing ethical conduct that is noble and skillful. …

Khattiyakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, abrahmacariyā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti, anabhijjhālu hoti, abyāpannacitto hoti, sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
Suppose someone from a family of aristocrats goes forth from the lay life to homelessness. Relying on the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One they refrain from killing living creatures, stealing, and sex. They refrain from using speech that’s false, divisive, harsh, or nonsensical. And they’re not covetous or malicious, and they have right view. They succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.
Brāhmaṇakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti …pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
Suppose someone from a family of brahmins …
Vessakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti …pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
peasants …
Suddakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti …pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
menials goes forth from the lay life to homelessness. Relying on the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One … they succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.
“Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, khattiyakulā cepi agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti …pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
“In the same way, suppose someone from a family of aristocrats,
suddakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti …pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
or menials goes forth from the lay life to homelessness. Relying on the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One … they succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.
“Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, khattiyakulā cepi agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti …pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
“In the same way, suppose someone from a family of aristocrats,
suddakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti …pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
or menials goes forth from the lay life to homelessness. Relying on the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One … they succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.
“Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, khattiyakulā cepi agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti …pe… sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
“In the same way, suppose someone from a family of aristocrats,
suddakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṁ dhammavinayaṁ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, abrahmacariyā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti, anabhijjhālu hoti, abyāpannacitto hoti, sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalan”ti.  
or menials goes forth from the lay life to homelessness. Relying on the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One they refrain from killing living creatures, stealing, and sex. They refrain from using speech that’s false, divisive, harsh, or nonsensical. And they’re not covetous or malicious, and they have right view. They succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.”

‘gahaṭṭho ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ, na pabbajito ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalan’ti.  
‘Laypeople succeed in the system of the skillful teaching, not renunciates.’
Gihī vā hi, māṇava, pabbajito vā micchāpaṭipanno micchāpaṭipattādhikaraṇahetu na ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
Because of wrong practice, neither laypeople nor renunciates succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.
Gihī vā hi, māṇava, pabbajito vā sammāpaṭipanno sammāpaṭipattādhikaraṇahetu ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalan”ti.  
Because of right practice, both laypeople and renunciates succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.”
“Brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāyā”ti.  
“Master Gotama, the brahmins prescribe five things for making merit and succeeding in the skillful.”
“Ye te, māṇava, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya—  
mn99
“Saccaṁ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā paṭhamaṁ dhammaṁ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya.  
“Master Gotama, truth is the first thing.
Tapaṁ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā dutiyaṁ dhammaṁ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya.  
Fervor is the second thing.
Brahmacariyaṁ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā tatiyaṁ dhammaṁ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya.  
Celibacy is the third thing.
Ajjhenaṁ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā catutthaṁ dhammaṁ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya.  
Recitation is the fourth thing.
Cāgaṁ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā pañcamaṁ dhammaṁ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya.  
Generosity is the fifth thing.
Brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, ime pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāyāti.  
These are the five things that the brahmins prescribe for making merit and succeeding in the skillful.
Ye te, māṇava, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, katamettha brāhmaṇā dhammaṁ mahapphalataraṁ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāyā”ti?  
Of the five things that the brahmins prescribe for making merit and succeeding in the skillful, which do they say is the most fruitful?” katamettha → kamettha (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed)
“Yeme, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, cāgamettha brāhmaṇā dhammaṁ mahapphalataraṁ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāyā”ti.  
“Generosity.”
“Ye te, māṇava, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, ime tvaṁ pañca dhamme kattha bahulaṁ samanupassasi—  
“Of the five things that the brahmins prescribe for making merit and succeeding in the skillful, where do you usually find them:
“Yeme, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, imāhaṁ pañca dhamme pabbajitesu bahulaṁ samanupassāmi appaṁ gahaṭṭhesu.  
“Mostly among renunciates, and less so among lay people.
Yeme, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, imāhaṁ pañca dhamme pabbajitesu bahulaṁ samanupassāmi appaṁ gahaṭṭhesū”ti.  
Of the five things that the brahmins prescribe for making merit and succeeding in the skillful, I usually find them among renunciates, and less so among laypeople.”
“Ye te, māṇava, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya cittassāhaṁ ete parikkhāre vadāmi—  
“I say that the five things prescribed by the brahmins for making merit are prerequisites of the mind for
Ye te, māṇava, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, cittassāhaṁ ete parikkhāre vadāmi—  
I say that these five things prescribed by the brahmins for making merit are prerequisites of the mind for
Ye cime, bho, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya;  
The five things that the brahmins prescribe for making merit and succeeding in the skillful

So evaṁ pabbajito samāno kiṅkusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno yena āḷāro kālāmo tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā āḷāraṁ kālāmaṁ etadavocaṁ:  
Once I had gone forth I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. I approached Āḷāra Kālāma and said to him,
So kho ahaṁ, bhāradvāja, kiṅkusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno yena udako rāmaputto tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā udakaṁ rāmaputtaṁ etadavocaṁ:  
I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. I approached Uddaka son of Rāma and said to him,
So kho ahaṁ, bhāradvāja, kiṅkusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno magadhesu anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno yena uruvelā senānigamo tadavasariṁ.  
I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. Traveling stage by stage in the Magadhan lands, I arrived at Senānigama in Uruvelā.

Iti kho, bhikkhave, vīsati kusalapakkhā, vīsati akusalapakkhā—  
So there are twenty on the side of the skillful, and twenty on the side of the unskillful.

Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, nikkhaṁ jambonadaṁ dakkhakammāraputtaukkāmukhasukusalasampahaṭṭhaṁ paṇḍukambale nikkhittaṁ bhāsate ca tapate ca virocati ca;  
Suppose there was a pendant of river gold, fashioned by a deft smith, well wrought in the forge. When placed on a cream rug it would shine and glow and radiate. nikkhaṁ → nekkhaṁ (bj, sya-all, km, pts1ed)

Sace me tvaṁ bhāsitassa atthaṁ ājāneyyāsi, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ;  
If you understand the meaning of what I say, that’s good.
Sace ahaṁ bhoto aggivessanassa bhāsitassa atthaṁ ājānissāmi, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ;  
If I understand the meaning of what you say, that’s good. ājānissāmi → ājāneyyāmi (sya-all, mr)

‘akataṁ vata me kalyāṇaṁ, akataṁ kusalaṁ, akataṁ bhīruttāṇaṁ;  
‘Well, I haven’t done good and skillful things that keep me safe.
Na hettha, bhikkhave, atthi dhammacariyā samacariyā kusalakiriyā puññakiriyā.  
Because in that place there’s no principled or moral conduct, and no doing what is good and skillful.
kataṁ kalyāṇaṁ, kataṁ kusalaṁ, kataṁ bhīruttāṇaṁ.  
And I have done good and skillful deeds that keep me safe.

‘kiṁ, bhante, kusalaṁ, kiṁ akusalaṁ;  
‘Sir, what is skillful and what is unskillful?
‘kiṁ, bhante, kusalaṁ, kiṁ akusalaṁ;  
mn135
‘kiṁ, bhante, kusalaṁ, kiṁ akusalaṁ;  
‘Sir, what is skillful and what is unskillful?
‘kiṁ, bhante, kusalaṁ, kiṁ akusalaṁ;  
mn135

“accayo maṁ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yohaṁ bhagavantaṁ āvusovādena samudācaritabbaṁ amaññissaṁ.  
“I have made a mistake, sir. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of me to presume to address the Buddha as ‘reverend’.
“Taggha tvaṁ, bhikkhu, accayo accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yaṁ maṁ tvaṁ āvusovādena samudācaritabbaṁ amaññittha.  
“Indeed, mendicant, you made a mistake. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of you to act in that way.

“accayo no, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yā mayaṁ bhagavantaṁ āsādetabbaṁ amaññimhā.  
“We have made a mistake, sir. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of us to imagine we could attack the Buddha! yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ → yathābālā yathāmūḷhā yathāakusalā (sya-all, km, pts1ed, pts2ed)

Seyyathāpi nāma nikkhaṁ jambonadaṁ dakkhakammāraputtaukkāmukhasukusalasampahaṭṭhaṁ paṇḍukambale nikkhittaṁ bhāsate ca tapate ca virocati ca;  
Suppose there was a pendant of river gold, fashioned by a deft smith, well wrought in the forge. When placed on a cream rug it would shine and glow and radiate.

“Evarūpe me, bhante, mahati mahabbhaye samuppanne dāruṇe manussakkhaye dullabhe manussatte kimassa karaṇīyaṁ aññatra dhammacariyāya aññatra samacariyāya aññatra kusalakiriyāya aññatra puññakiriyāyā”ti?  
“Sir, what could I do but practice the teachings, practice morality, doing skillful and good actions?”
“Adhivattamāne ca me, bhante, jarāmaraṇe kimassa karaṇīyaṁ aññatra dhammacariyāya samacariyāya kusalakiriyāya puññakiriyāya?  
“Sir, what can I do but practice the teachings, practice morality, doing skillful and good actions?
Adhivattamāne ca me, bhante, jarāmaraṇe kimassa karaṇīyaṁ aññatra dhammacariyāya samacariyāya kusalakiriyāya puññakiriyāyā”ti?  
When old age and death are advancing, what can I do but practice the teachings, practice morality, doing skillful and good actions?”
Adhivattamāne jarāmaraṇe kimassa karaṇīyaṁ aññatra dhammacariyāya samacariyāya kusalakiriyāya puññakiriyāyā”ti?  
When old age and death are advancing, what can you do but practice the teachings, practice morality, doing skillful and good actions?”

Gamanīyo samparāyo, kattabbaṁ kusalaṁ, caritabbaṁ brahmacariyaṁ.  
You must go to the next life. So you should do what is skillful, you should practice the spiritual life.

Gamanīyo samparāyo, kattabbaṁ kusalaṁ, caritabbaṁ brahmacariyaṁ.  
You must go to the next life. So you should do what is skillful, you should practice the spiritual life.

Akusalavitakkasutta  
Unskillful Thoughts Akusalavitakkasutta → ayonisosuttaṁ (bj); ayonisomanasikārasuttaṁ (sya-all, pts2ed); ayoniso (vitakkitā) (pts1ed)

“accayo maṁ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yvāhaṁ evaṁ svākkhāte dhammavinaye dhammatthenako pabbajito.  
“I have made a mistake, sir. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of me to go forth as a thief in such a well-explained teaching and training.
“Taggha tvaṁ, susima, accayo accagamā yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ, yo tvaṁ evaṁ svākkhāte dhammavinaye dhammatthenako pabbajito.  
“Indeed, Susīma, you made a mistake. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of you to go forth as a thief in such a well-explained teaching and training.

“accayo no, bhante, accagamā, yathābāle yathāmūḷhe yathāakusale, ye mayaṁ evaṁ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā aññamaññaṁ sutena accāvadimha:  
“We have made a mistake, sir. It was foolish, stupid, and unskillful of us in that after going forth in such a well explained teaching and training we competed in studies to yathābāle yathāmūḷhe yathāakusale → yathā bāle yathā mūḷhe yathā akusale (bj, pts1ed, pts2ed); yathābālaṁ yathāmūḷhaṁ yathāakusalaṁ (?)

Kusalamūlasutta  
Skillful Root Kusalamūlasutta → kusalamūlasamucchedasuttaṁ (bj); mūla (pts1ed, pts2ed) "
Lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūtassa pariyādiṇṇacittassa, bhikkhave, devadattassa kusalamūlaṁ samucchedamagamā.  
Devadatta cut off his skillful root because his mind was overcome and overwhelmed by possessions, honor, and popularity.

Kusaladhammasutta  
Skillful Quality Kusaladhammasutta → kusaladhammasamucchedasuttaṁ (bj); dhammo (pts1ed, pts2ed) "

Tayome, bhikkhave, akusalavitakkā—  
There are these three unskillful thoughts.
Ime ca bhikkhave, tayo akusalavitakkā kva aparisesā nirujjhanti?  
And where do these three unskillful thoughts cease without anything left over?

Tamenaṁ so amaggakusalo puriso amuṁ maggakusalaṁ purisaṁ maggaṁ puccheyya.  
The one not skilled in the path would question the one skilled in the path,

Samādhimūlakasamāpattisutta  
Entering Immersion Samādhimūlakasamāpattisutta → samāpattikusalasuttaṁ (bj); samādhi-samāpatti (pts1ed) "

Samādhimūlakaṭhitisutta  
Remaining in Immersion Samādhimūlakaṭhitisutta → ṭhitikusalasuttaṁ (bj); ṭhiti (pts1ed) "

Samādhimūlakavuṭṭhānasutta  
Emerging From Immersion Samādhimūlakavuṭṭhānasutta → vuṭṭhānakusalasuttaṁ (bj); vuṭṭhāna (pts1ed) "

Samādhimūlakakallitasutta  
Gladdening for Immersion Samādhimūlakakallitasutta → kallitakusalasuttaṁ (bj); kallavā (pts1ed) "

Samādhimūlakaārammaṇasutta  
Supports For Immersion Samādhimūlakaārammaṇasutta → ārammaṇakusalasuttaṁ (bj); ārammaṇa (pts1ed) "

Samādhimūlakagocarasutta  
Meditation Subjects For Immersion Samādhimūlakagocarasutta → gocarakusalasuttaṁ (bj); gocaro (pts1ed) "

Samādhimūlakaabhinīhārasutta  
Projecting the Mind Purified by Immersion Samādhimūlakaabhinīhārasutta → abhinīhārakusalasuttaṁ (bj); abhinīhāro (pts1ed) "

Samāpattimūlakaṭhitisutta  
Entering and Remaining Samāpattimūlakaṭhitisutta → samāpattiṭhitikusalasuttaṁ (bj); samāpatti-ṭhiti (pts1ed) "

Samāpattimūlakavuṭṭhānasutta  
Entering and Emerging Samāpattimūlakavuṭṭhānasutta → samāpattivuṭṭhānakusalasuttaṁ (bj); samāpatti-vuṭṭhāna (pts1ed) "

Samāpattimūlakakallitasutta  
Entering and Gladdening Samāpattimūlakakallitasutta → samāpattikallitakusalasuttaṁ (bj); samāpatti-kallita (pts1ed) "

Samāpattimūlakaārammaṇasutta  
Entering and Supports Samāpattimūlakaārammaṇasutta → samāpattiārammaṇakusalasuttaṁ (bj); samāpatti-ārammaṇa (pts1ed) "

Samāpattimūlakagocarasutta  
Entering and Meditation Subjects Samāpattimūlakagocarasutta → samāpattigocarakusalasuttaṁ (bj); samāpatti-gocara (pts1ed) "

Mahā viseso kusalassa hoti.  
between the wise and the ordinary. Mahā → ayaṁ (sya-all, km, mr)

‘appeva nāma kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigaccheyyaṁ, appeva nāma uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ sacchikareyyan’ti.  
‘Hopefully I will achieve a skillful quality! Hopefully I will realize a superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones!’
So attānaṁ ātāpeti paritāpeti, kusalañca dhammaṁ nādhigacchati, uttari ca manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ na sacchikaroti.  
They mortify and torment themselves. But they don’t achieve any skillful quality, or realize any superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones.
‘appeva nāma kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigaccheyyaṁ, appeva nāma uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ sacchikareyyan’ti.  
‘Hopefully I will achieve a skillful quality! Hopefully I will realize a superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones!’
So attānaṁ ātāpeti paritāpeti, kusalañhi kho dhammaṁ adhigacchati, uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ na sacchikaroti.  
They mortify and torment themselves. And they achieve a skillful quality, but don’t realize any superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones.
‘appeva nāma kusalaṁ dhammaṁ adhigaccheyyaṁ, appeva nāma uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ sacchikareyyan’ti.  
‘Hopefully I will achieve a skillful quality! Hopefully I will realize a superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones!’
So attānaṁ ātāpeti paritāpeti, kusalañca dhammaṁ adhigacchati, uttari ca manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ sacchikaroti.  
They mortify and torment themselves. And they achieve a skillful quality, and they realize a superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones.
Tatra, gāmaṇi, yvāyaṁ tapassī lūkhajīvī attānaṁ ātāpeti paritāpeti, kusalañca dhammaṁ nādhigacchati, uttari ca manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ na sacchikaroti. Ayaṁ, gāmaṇi, tapassī lūkhajīvī tīhi ṭhānehi gārayho.  
In this case, the first fervent mortifier may be criticized on three grounds.
Kusalañca dhammaṁ nādhigacchatīti, iminā dutiyena ṭhānena gārayho.  
They don’t achieve a skillful quality. This is the second ground for criticism.
Tatra, gāmaṇi, yvāyaṁ tapassī lūkhajīvī attānaṁ ātāpeti paritāpeti, kusalañhi kho dhammaṁ adhigacchati, uttari ca manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ na sacchikaroti.  
In this case, the second fervent mortifier
Kusalañhi kho dhammaṁ adhigacchatīti, iminā ekena ṭhānena pāsaṁso.  
They achieve a skillful quality. This is the one ground for praise.
Tatra, gāmaṇi, yvāyaṁ tapassī lūkhajīvī attānaṁ ātāpeti paritāpeti, kusalañca dhammaṁ adhigacchati, uttari ca manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ sacchikaroti. Ayaṁ, gāmaṇi, tapassī lūkhajīvī ekena ṭhānena gārayho, dvīhi ṭhānehi pāsaṁso.  
In this case, the third fervent mortifier may be criticized on one ground, and praised on two.
Kusalañca dhammaṁ adhigacchatīti, iminā paṭhamena ṭhānena pāsaṁso.  
They achieve a skillful quality. This is the first ground for praise.

Akusaladhammasutta  
Unskillful Qualities

Gihi vā, bhikkhave, pabbajito vā micchāpaṭipanno micchāpaṭipattādhikaraṇahetu nārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
Because of wrong practice, neither laypeople nor renunciates succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.
Gihi vā, bhikkhave, pabbajito vā micchāpaṭipanno micchāpaṭipattādhikaraṇahetu nārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
Because of wrong practice, neither laypeople nor renunciates succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.
Gihi vā, bhikkhave, pabbajito vā sammāpaṭipanno sammāpaṭipattādhikaraṇahetu ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalaṁ.  
Because of right practice, both laypeople and renunciates succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.
Gihi vā, bhikkhave, pabbajito vā sammāpaṭipanno sammāpaṭipattādhikaraṇahetu ārādhako hoti ñāyaṁ dhammaṁ kusalan”ti.  
Because of right practice, both laypeople and renunciates succeed in the system of the skillful teaching.” "

Micchattaṁ akusalaṁ dhammaṁ,  
sn45.30

Paṭhamakusalasutta  
Skillful (1st)
“Ye keci, bhikkhave, dhammā kusalā kusalabhāgiyā kusalapakkhikā, sabbe te appamādamūlakā appamādasamosaraṇā; appamādo tesaṁ dhammānaṁ aggamakkhāyati.  
“Mendicants, whatever qualities are skillful, part of the skillful, on the side of the skillful, all of them are rooted in diligence and meet at diligence, and diligence is said to be the best of them.

Dutiyakusalasutta  
Skillful (2nd)
“Ye keci, bhikkhave, dhammā kusalā kusalabhāgiyā kusalapakkhikā, sabbe te yonisomanasikāramūlakā yonisomanasikārasamosaraṇā; yonisomanasikāro tesaṁ dhammānaṁ aggamakkhāyati.  
“Mendicants, whatever qualities are skillful, part of the skillful, on the side of the skillful, all of them are rooted in rational application of mind and meet at rational application of mind, and rational application of mind is said to be the best of them.

Akusalarāsisutta  
A Heap of the Unskillful Akusalarāsisutta → kusalarāsi (pts1ed) "
“‘akusalarāsī’ti, bhikkhave, vadamāno pañca nīvaraṇe sammā vadamāno vadeyya.  
“Rightly speaking, mendicants, you’d call these five hindrances a ‘heap of the unskillful’.
Kevalo hāyaṁ, bhikkhave, akusalarāsi, yadidaṁ—pañca nīvaraṇā.  
For these five hindrances are entirely a heap of the unskillful.
‘Akusalarāsī’ti, bhikkhave, vadamāno ime pañca nīvaraṇe sammā vadamāno vadeyya.  
Rightly speaking, you’d call these five hindrances a ‘heap of the unskillful’.
Kevalo hāyaṁ, bhikkhave, akusalarāsi, yadidaṁ—pañca nīvaraṇā.  
For these five hindrances are entirely a heap of the unskillful.
‘Kusalarāsī’ti, bhikkhave, vadamāno cattāro satipaṭṭhāne sammā vadamāno vadeyya.  
Rightly speaking, you’d call these four kinds of mindfulness meditation a ‘heap of the skillful’.
Kevalo hāyaṁ, bhikkhave, kusalarāsi, yadidaṁ—cattāro satipaṭṭhānā.  
For these four kinds of mindfulness meditation are entirely a heap of the skillful.
‘Kusalarāsī’ti, bhikkhave, vadamāno ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne sammā vadamāno vadeyya.  
Rightly speaking, you’d call these four kinds of mindfulness meditation a ‘heap of the skillful’.
Kevalo hāyaṁ, bhikkhave, kusalarāsi, yadidaṁ—cattāro satipaṭṭhānā”ti.  
For these four kinds of mindfulness meditation are entirely a heap of the skillful.” "